Peer-reviewed international research papers published open-access with EOI assignment and global indexing across engineering, computer science, environmental science, social sciences, and more.
La gestion documentaire constitue un pilier essentiel du fonctionnement administratif et académique des institutions d’enseignement supérieur. À l’Institut Supérieur de Statistique de Kinshasa (ISS/Kin), la conservation des archives sur support papier engendre de nombreuses contraintes liées à l’espace, à la sécurité, et à l’accessibilité. Cet article examine la nécessité et les enjeux de la transition vers un système d’archivage numérique. À travers une approche descriptive et analytique, la recherche met en évidence les bénéfices potentiels de la numérisation, notamment l’optimisation du traitement de l’information, la sauvegarde du patrimoine documentaire et la modernisation de la gouvernance académique. Les résultats montrent que la transition numérique, bien qu’exigeant des investissements matériels et humains, représente une étape incontournable vers la transformation digitale de l’ISS/Kin.
Mathematics entered physics as a tool but little by little it transformed to be the master. In previous articles entitled How to Generate New Mathematics - Parts I and II we discussed how to apply the statistical theory of Cairo techniques to generate new laws and rules in most fields of classical and quantum physics, statistics, and pure mathematics. In this article, we use the same theory to extend the previous statistical analysis by addressing the extremely important and urgent six questions: 1-Is it true that nature is intrinsically statistical and that a statistical system must necessarily be bounded? 2- What is the intelligent matrix? 3-What is negative diffusion? 4- How to master the theory of a nuclear power plant reactor and the standard size of the Hiroshima nuclear bomb, while ensuring that neither turns into the other? 5- What are the similarities between Markov chains and the Cairo techniques transition chains? 6- Is there a similarity between the pufferfish habitat and that of aerobic bacteria? The different applications in the new unitary discrete xyzt space of the Cairo techniques shows that there are thousands of hidden intrinsic laws and rules in physics, mathematics, and even biochemistry, waiting to be discovered. This striking fact is the subject of this article. Finally, it should be clarified that this article is not intended to minimize the major contributions of great physicists and mathematicians such as Einstein, Schrödinger, Heisenberg, Minkowski, Hilbert, and Riemann, among others, but rather to address the main slips and limitations of their theories, where applicable. Note: If you are not familiar with the universal laws of physics, please stop reading. This article is not for you.
This research examines the impact of coups d'état on development in Francophone Africa, a region characterized by political instability and the quest for sustainable development. The novelty of the article lies in its exploration of the complex link between political turbulence and economic progress in this specific context. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates quantitative data analysis with qualitative case studies to analyze the multifaceted impacts of coups d'état on economic growth, social welfare, and governance structures. The international significance of this research lies in its contribution to a better understanding of the effects of political instability on development outcomes. The main findings reveal that political instability disrupts economic stability, hinders institutional development, and exacerbates poverty in the region. At the local level, these findings highlight the urgent need to implement policies that address the root causes of political instability and promote sustainable development. This article contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of the interaction between political instability and development in Francophone Africa. It offers insights into the complex dynamics of political transitions and their implications for development policies, thereby improving our understanding of this crucial issue.
Audit quality is an important element in ensuring the credibility and reliability of financial statements. This study aims to develop a conceptual model that examines the effect of auditor experience and professional certification on audit quality, with auditor competence as a mediating variable. This research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The population consists of 60 auditors at PT. Atosim Lampung Pelayaran, and the sample is determined using the Slovin formula. Data are collected through questionnaires measured by a five-point Likert scale. The analysis method applied is Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate the measurement model and the structural relationships among variables, including the mediating role of competence. This study proposes that experience and certification influence audit quality both directly and indirectly through competence. The model is expected to provide a clearer understanding about how auditor development factors contribute to improving audit quality.
This study examines the effect of training and competence on employee performance with work motivation as a mediating variable at PT. National Marine Dredging Company Abu Dhabi. The research is driven by a decline in the company’s performance index over the past three years, indicating the need to evaluate factors influencing employee performance. Training is expected to enhance employees’ knowledge and skills, while competence reflects their ability to perform tasks effectively. Work motivation is assumed to strengthen the implementation of training outcomes and competencies into improved performance. This research uses a quantitative cross-sectional design. The population consists of 108 employees, and a saturated sampling technique is applied. Primary data are collected through questionnaires using a Likert scale. Data are analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach, including outer and inner model evaluation and hypothesis testing at a 5% significance level. The findings show that training and competence significantly influence work motivation and employee performance. Work motivation also mediates the relationship between training, competence, and performance.
Multi-factor stochastic models are a useful model in financial risk management and forecasting to describe the complicated nature of asset dynamics and financial markets. The paper discusses how multi factor stochastic models are exploited in different fields of finance such as the optimization of portfolios, estimation of value at risk (V_a R), calculation of credit risk, and prediction of volatility. The most important models, which include the Cox Ingersoll Ross (CIR) model, Heston model, and the Black Scholes model, are presented in the framework of their mathematical model and the application. Also, in the manuscript, model calibration methods such as maximum likelihood estimation, generalized method of moments and the Monte Carlo simulation approach to forecasting financial variables are discussed. The issues and shortcomings of implementing these models, especially in regard to model complexity, availability of data, and estimation of parameters, are also discussed. Lastly, recent developments in the field of combining machine learning and artificial intelligence with stochastic modeling are discussed, and the perspective on the future direction of financial risk management and forecasting is provided.
Work safety is a crucial aspect in the maritime industry because ship accidents can cause injuries, asset losses, and environmental damage. The increasing number of work accident cases at PT. Equinox Bahari Utama indicates the need to examine factors influencing the implementation of safety procedures on board. This study aims to analyze the effect of crew competence and safety equipment completeness on the implementation of safety procedures and their impact on work safety. This study uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected from 20 crew members of PT. Equinox Bahari Utama using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire. The data analysis method applied is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach using SmartPLS software. This study is expected to contribute theoretically to the development of maritime safety management and provide practical implications for improving safety performance in shipping companies.
This study aims to analyze the influence of recruitment system and crew turnover on crew performance at PT. Equinox Bahari Utama with work motivation as a mediating variable. In the last four years, the company experienced a decrease in crew performance, which may affect operational effectiveness and safety. This research uses a quantitative approach with cross-sectional design. The population of this study consists of 70 ship crews working in the Crew Relation Department. The conceptual model proposes that recruitment system and crew turnover have direct effect on crew performance and also indirect effect through work motivation. A good recruitment system and proper crew rotation management are expected to increase work motivation, which then can improve crew performance. This study is expected to give contribution for human resource management in shipping industry and provide practical suggestion for the company to improve crew management and performance.
This study aims to analyze the effect of training and leadership on crew performance, with work motivation as a mediating variable, among tugboat crew members of PT Noantum Maritime Abu Dhabi. The research is motivated by the declining trend of crew performance in recent years. This study uses a quantitative approach with data collected through questionnaires using a five-point Likert scale. The data are analyzed using SEM-PLS to examine direct and indirect relationships among variables. The findings indicate that training and leadership positively influence crew performance, both directly and indirectly through work motivation. Work motivation strengthens the relationship between training, leadership, and performance. Therefore, improving training quality and leadership effectiveness is essential to enhance crew performance and operational efficiency.
This study develops a conceptual model of the effect of training and leadership on crew performance, with job satisfaction as a mediating variable, on tugboat vessels at PT Adnoc Logistics and Services. The research is based on the declining trend in crew performance over recent years, which highlights the need to examine key organizational factors influencing operational effectiveness. This study applies a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected through questionnaires using a five-point Likert scale from 59 tugboat crew members and analyzed using SEM-PLS to test direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results indicate that training and leadership have a positive effect on crew performance. In addition, job satisfaction plays a mediating role in strengthening the relationship between training, leadership, and performance. These findings suggest that improving training programs and leadership practices can enhance job satisfaction and ultimately optimize crew performance and operational safety.
Cette étude analyse le rôle de la microassurance dans l’inclusion financière en République Démocratique du Congo, avec un focus particulier sur la ville de Kinshasa. Les résultats des enquêtes montrent que, malgré un accès relativement élevé aux services financiers formels, la majorité des ménages demeure dépourvue de mécanismes de protection contre les sinistres et recourt à des stratégies informelles fragilisantes. La microassurance apparaît dès lors comme un instrument essentiel pour renforcer la résilience économique, réduire la vulnérabilité et favoriser l’intégration durable des populations à faibles revenus dans le système financier formel. L’analyse statistique confirme son effet positif et significatif sur la probabilité d’inclusion financière, tandis que les recommandations formulées insistent sur la nécessité d’une gouvernance transparente, d’une régulation crédible et d’une digitalisation accrue du secteur. Ce travail, bien qu’exploratoire, constitue une contribution pertinente à un enjeu actuel et ouvre la voie à des recherches futures plus approfondies sur l’impact différencié de la microassurance dans divers secteurs socio-économiques.
This study examined the key challenges affecting Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) management in Zambia’s construction industry, with a focus on Lusaka as a case study. Despite the existence of regulatory frameworks such as the Factories Act and the OHS Act of 2010, the sector continues to experience a high incidence of workplace injuries and fatalities; Lusaka Province alone accounted for 49.1% of reported occupational morbidity cases between 2018 and 2021. While prior studies have highlighted aspects of these issues, a comprehensive evaluation of OHS administration, implementation, and compliance has been lacking. To address the research gap, a Sequential Exploratory Mixed-Methods Design was used to gain both qualitative and quantitative insights into OHS challenges. The study involved interviews with twelve (12) key regulatory stakeholders, followed by a survey of eighty (80) construction firms selected through stratified sampling. It also included site assessments at twenty (20) active sites in Lusaka. This approach enabled triangulation and provided a comprehensive analysis of policy and operational barriers to effective OHS management. The findings revealed that enforcement of OHS standards is weakened by inadequate funding, poor inter-agency coordination, and limited regulatory capacity. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) were found to lack the resources and training needed to comply with safety standards. Furthermore, gaps in worker awareness and cultural resistance to safety protocols were identified as significant contributors to non-compliance. The study recommends establishing a centralized and well-resourced OHS authority for the construction sector, adopting international standards such as ISO 45001, and implementing mandatory safety training and continuous professional development. It also proposes economic incentives, such as tax relief or subsidies, to support compliance among SMEs. Drawing on lessons from countries like South Africa and Kenya, the study underscores the value of public-private partnerships and national safety funding models in building a sustainable safety culture in Zambia’s construction industry.
The liquid petroleum gas (LPG) distribution systems work in safety-critical conditions whereby unpredictable failures of the equipment can trigger service failures, economic damages, and even ill-fated accidents. Currently, maintenance regimes in most of these facilities are still mostly reactive or time-based, which creates inefficiencies and an increase in risk of operation. This paper thus suggests a predictive maintenance system based on artificial intelligence that will utilize past maintenance history, real-time sensor telemetry, and operational situational variables to predict equipment failures before they happen. The framework uses structured data collection, preprocessing, fea-ture engineering, as well as supervised machine-learning models to predict the failure probability and left useful life of critical parts like pumps, valves, compressors and storage tanks. Random-forest classifiers, support-vector machines and long-short-term memory networks were used to make the classification and time-series prediction and anomaly-detection algorithms were used to help identify hazardous conditions in an early stage. Operational datasets of urban LPG stations were used in empirical verification, which has shown increased fault-detection accuracy, can be intervened sooner, and unplanned downtime decreased. The findings support the fact that the given framework enhances the operational reliability, safety compliance, and maintenance efficiency to create a scalable intelligent LPG station management solution.
Scope 3 emissions[1] refer to indirect greenhouse gas emissions across a company’s value chain and, in many sectors, represent more than 75 percent of overall corporate emissions. In upstream supply chains, emissions can exceed those from Scope 1 and Scope 2 sources by a factor of more than twenty, depending on industry structure and sourcing models. By early 2026, enforcement of climate-related disclosure and border measures has become more stringent across several major jurisdictions. The European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) moved into its definitive phase on January 1, 2026, following the review of over 12,000 authorization applications and the approval of approximately 4,100 declarants. Although certificates are not yet due, financial liabilities associated with 2026 imports are accumulating ahead of the first surrender deadline in September 2027. Revisions under the 2025 Omnibus package limit the scope of the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) primarily to large entities with over 1,000 employees and net turnover above 450 million euros. Material Scope 3 disclosures nevertheless remain mandatory for covered firms. In the United States, California’s Senate Bill 253 requires Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions reporting by August 10, 2026, with limited good-faith leniency in the first year. Scope 3 reporting is expected to follow from 2027, subject to ongoing rulemaking and legal challenges. In response, many companies are beginning to incorporate carbon-related criteria into procurement practices, supplier engagement[7], sourcing strategies, and longer-term financial planning. Building on recent industry and policy research, including the EcoVadis–BCG Carbon Action Report 2025, this paper examines the regulatory drivers behind Scope 3 requirements, the strategic responses emerging across global supply chains, and the associated business risks and opportunities. When approached strategically, Scope 3 management can reduce long-term compliance costs and, in some cases, support operational improvements and product differentiation in carbon-constrained markets.
This paper presents an AI-based head massager that uses real-time biosignal monitoring and adaptive artificial intelligence to provide personalized stress-relief therapy. Physiological signals such as heart rate variability, electrodermal activity, temperature, and EEG are analyzed using deep learning and reinforcement learning to dynamically adjust massage parameters. Experimental results show a 38% reduction in stress indicators with a classification accuracy of 94.2%, demonstrating the effectiveness of AI-driven adaptive relaxation systems for smart healthcare applications.
Corrosion is one of the most important factors that can influence the integrity and functionality of oil and gas pipelines, resulting in environmental pollution and economic losses. The traditional inspection methods are often hampered by the lack of accessibility, the need for downtime, and the high cost of inspection. In this paper, a simulation and analysis of pipeline corrosion monitoring using the Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) technique are presented using the MATLAB platform. A numerical model was established to simulate the magnetization of the pipeline, the metal loss defects, and the scanning of the sensors along the pipeline. Signal processing algorithms, such as baseline subtraction and filtering, were employed to identify the magnetic flux leakage signals caused by corrosion from the background magnetic signals. The simulation results indicate that the corrosion defects cause prominent peaks in the leakage signals, allowing for successful localization and qualitative estimation of the defect severity. The amplitude and location of the leakage signals were found to depend on the size and depth of the defect, indicating the sensitivity of the MFL technique to metal loss. The study concludes that MATLAB-based MFL simulation is a reliable and cost-effective tool for supporting pipeline corrosion monitoring.
The performance of Civil Servants (ASN) is an important issue in bureaucratic reform and public service quality. This study aims to analyze the effect of competence and incentives on ASN performance with Anchor Virtue as a mediating variable in the Government of North Aceh Regency. The conceptual model is developed by integrating Human Capital Theory, motivation theory, and Virtue Ethics perspective. This research uses quantitative approach with explanatory design and cross-sectional survey. Data were collected through online questionnaire with five-point Likert scale and analyzed using SEM-PLS with SmartPLS 4. This study proposes an integrative model which positions Anchor Virtue as a psychological and moral mechanism that connects competence and incentives with ASN performance. The model is expected to provide theoretical contribution in public sector human resource management and practical implication for strengthening bureaucratic reform through competence development, fair incentive system, and reinforcement of integrity-based values.
This study aims to examine the effect of competence and motivation on employee performance with Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as an intervening variable at the Ministry of Manpower R.I., especially at Ditjen PHI dan Jamsos. The decline of performance achievement in recent period shows the need to understand factors that can influence employee performance in public sector organization. This research uses quantitative method with causal design. The data are collected through structured questionnaires distributed to 130 employees selected from total population of 190 employees using Slovin formula. The data will be analyzed using SEM-PLS with SmartPLS 4.0 to test direct and indirect effects between variables. This study is expected to give theoretical contribution in human resource management field, especially related to competence, motivation, OCB, and performance in public organization. Practically, the result of this research is expected to provide recommendation for management to improve employee competence, increase work motivation, and encourage OCB in order to enhance employee performance and public service quality.
Food insecurity is a critical and persistent challenge in Sudan, particularly in urban areas affected by prolonged conflict, economic instability, and limited access to essential resources. Women often serve as primary managers of household survival, yet there is limited empirical evidence on how they navigate food scarcity in conflict-affected urban settings. This study investigates the coping mechanisms adopted by food-insecure households in Ombada, West Omdurman, with particular attention to the roles of women in sustaining household resilience and well-being. Employing a descriptive qualitative design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 women employed as custodians at Ahfad University for Women. Data were analyzed thematically, combining deductive coding based on study objectives and inductive coding to capture emergent, context-specific practices. Findings reveal that households employ a range of proactive and reactive coping strategies, including informal income generation, meal adjustments, food stretching and preservation, reliance on affordable alternative food sources, and community-based support systems. Women were found to strategically manage household resources, balance social and cultural obligations, and protect savings for long-term needs, demonstrating agency, innovation, and resilience. These findings highlight both adaptive problem-solving capacities and structural constraints shaping household food security, providing insights for policymakers and practitioners to design interventions that strengthen resilience, address structural barriers, and improve livelihoods in conflict-affected urban contexts.
La cholécystectomie par cœlioscopie constitue actuellement le traitement de référence de la lithiase vésiculaire symptomatique. Grâce aux progrès techniques et anesthésiques, cette intervention est désormais réalisée de façon croissante dans le cadre de la chirurgie ambulatoire. Toutefois, la réussite de ce mode de prise en charge dépend étroitement du contrôle optimal de la douleur postopératoire et de la prévention efficace des effets indésirables périopératoires, en particulier les nausées et vomissements postopératoires. Le concept de Réhabilitation Améliorée Après Chirurgie, également connu sous l’acronyme ERAS pour Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, propose une approche multimodale, structurée et fondée sur des données probantes, visant à optimiser l’ensemble du parcours de soins du patient et à accélérer la récupération fonctionnelle.L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer l’efficacité, la sécurité et la faisabilité de l’implémentation d’un protocole de Réhabilitation Améliorée Après Chirurgie spécifiquement adapté à la cholécystectomie cœlioscopique réalisée en ambulatoire.Une étude prospective descriptive a été menée entre avril 2016 et septembre 2017 et a inclus 225 patients consécutifs. Le protocole appliqué associait une analgésie multimodale anticipée, une prophylaxie systématique des nausées et vomissements postopératoires, une anesthésie locorégionale complémentaire par infiltration des orifices de trocarts, ainsi qu’une mobilisation et une réalimentation précoces. Les critères d’évaluation principaux étaient l’intensité de la douleur mesurée par échelle visuelle analogique, l’incidence des nausées et vomissements postopératoires, la durée de séjour en unité ambulatoire, le taux d’échec de la prise en charge ambulatoire et le niveau de satisfaction des patients.L’âge moyen des patients était de 42 ans avec une prédominance féminine de 78 %. Le contrôle de la douleur était excellent, avec 78 à 92 % des patients rapportant un score inférieur à 2 à différents temps d’évaluation. L’incidence des nausées et vomissements postopératoires était de 8 %. Le taux d’échec de l’ambulatoire était de 4,4 %. La durée médiane de séjour était de 10 heures. Le taux de satisfaction globale atteignait 94 %.L’application d’un protocole structuré de Réhabilitation Améliorée Après Chirurgie à la cholécystectomie cœlioscopique en ambulatoire permet d’obtenir des suites opératoires simples, sûres et reproductibles. Cette stratégie optimise le confort postopératoire, réduit les effets indésirables et améliore significativement la qualité et la sécurité des soins en chirurgie ambulatoire. Mots-clés : Réhabilitation améliorée après chirurgie, ERAS, cholécystectomie cœlioscopique, chirurgie ambulatoire, douleur postopératoire, nausées et vomissements postopératoires.
The birth of a family is a joyful moment for the parents and all members of the family. However, as soon as the child (baby) born and is at state of sickrooms such as; malaria, neonatal infection, new born constipation…this joy is transformed into pain to the parents; whom do the best checking how the baby can be cured then relieving the parents suffering that is why we are free to dispose of constipation treatment made with traditional medicinal plant to compatriot used in longtime, without danger and secondary effect to solve the parents that gnaws the parents, heart and the suffering that undergoes the baby before his first birth day. It is a matter of “the tetrorchidium didymostemon”. At the conclusion of our research thirty-two children presented the difficulty of which the parents consulted us and they were satisfied, that is to say 87%. It is better to put the said treatment in a public place to allow every baby to use it if there is a need. Keywords: malaria, tetrorchidium, constipation, didymostemon
Automatic transmission fluids (ATFs) are chemically complex, multi-component formulations that contain numerous additive systems and undergo various physical and chemical transformations during operation. Certain constituents found in used ATFs may present potential hazards to both human health and the environment. In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopic techniques were employed to analyze the chemical compositions of fresh and used ATF samples. Fresh ATF samples from three different brands were obtained from lubricant retailers in Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria, and the corresponding used samples were collected during fluid replacement procedures without consideration of the mileage covered by the vehicles. FTIR and UV absorption spectra indicated that the used ATF samples are composed of roughly 90% long-chain saturated hydrocarbons derived mainly from the base oil. The detection of esters, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids in the used samples is associated with oxidation reactions involving both base oil and additive components during transmission operation. Furthermore, the remaining molecular structures included aromatic rings as essential structural units. These conjugated aromatic systems predominantly consist of two- to three-ring motifs arranged in a linear (cata-condensed) configuration. Keywords: Automatic transmission fluids (ATF), FTIR, UV.
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