Peer-reviewed international research papers published open-access with EOI assignment and global indexing across engineering, computer science, environmental science, social sciences, and more.
Cette étude évalue l’efficacité de la politique monétaire face aux chocs macroéconomiques en République démocratique du Congo (RDC) sur la période 2001-2024. Dans un contexte marqué par une forte dollarisation, une instabilité du taux de change et des chocs économiques récurrents, elle analyse la capacité des instruments monétaires à assurer la stabilité des prix. L’analyse repose sur des données annuelles provenant de la Banque Centrale du Congo, de la Banque mondiale et du Fonds monétaire international, traitées à l’aide d’un modèle autorégressif à retards échelonnés (ARDL). Les résultats montrent l’existence d’une relation de long terme entre l’inflation et ses déterminants, confirmée par le test des bornes. À long terme, le taux directeur exerce un effet positif et significatif sur l’inflation, tandis que la croissance économique contribue significativement à sa réduction. En revanche, la croissance de la masse monétaire, le taux de change et les chocs macroéconomiques ne présentent pas d’effets significatifs. Les tests diagnostiques confirment la robustesse et la stabilité du modèle, et le test de causalité de Granger met en évidence une causalité conjointe des variables explicatives vers l’inflation. Ces résultats suggèrent que, malgré une capacité de réaction de la politique monétaire, son efficacité demeure limitée par les caractéristiques structurelles de l’économie congolaise. L’étude recommande ainsi de renforcer le mécanisme de transmission de la politique monétaire, d’améliorer la coordination avec la politique budgétaire et de consolider la crédibilité de la Banque Centrale du Congo afin d’accroître la résilience de l’économie face aux chocs futurs.
The microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of selected banana varieties (dessert, cooking, Cavendish, and finger bananas) grown in Ilaro and allowed to mature at room temperature were evaluated in this study. pH, moisture content, total reducing sugars, ash content, fiber content, total dissolved solids (TDS), titratable acidity, vitamin C content, color changes, and microbial load were all evaluated using standard analytical techniques. The findings showed that ripening caused gradual physicochemical changes. Titratable acidity dropped as pH rose from 4.3–4.5 in unripe fruits to 5.7–6.2 in overripe fruits. The moisture content increased from 70.6–74.4% to 80.7–82.1%, a sign of tissue weakening. At mid-ripening, total reducing sugars increased dramatically from 1.5–1.9% to peak values of 12–15%but slightly decreased at the overripe stage. As the fruit ripened, the amount of fiber and ash reduced but the TDS continuously rose, indicating the buildup of sugar. When the fruit reached full maturity, its vitamin C concentration decreased. At later phases, color change was noticed which progressed from green to yellow to brown-spotted. Coliforms only emerged at later stages of ripening, however microbiological investigation showed a considerable rise in overall bacterial and fungus counts from early to late stages. Bacillus species, Staphylococcus species, Acetobacter species, Pseudomonas species, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter species were among the identified bacterial isolates while Mucor species, Aspergillus species, Penicillium species, Fusarium species, and Saccharomyces species were among the fungal isolates. The study concludes that ripening enhances the nutritional and sensory qualities of bananas but also increases susceptibility to microbial contamination, particularly at the overripe stage, thereby posing potential food safety risks.
Keywords: Banana, Ripening, Physicochemical properties; Microbial load; Postharvest quality; Food safety; Musa spp.
Cette étude vise à examiner l’influence potentielle de la masculinité positive dans l’amélioration des pratiques administratives ainsi que dans le renforcement des mécanismes de gouvernance publique. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence une perception généralement favorable de ce concept auprès des répondants, lesquels l’associent principalement à des principes tels que le respect, l’égalité, l’intégrité, la responsabilité et un leadership inclusif. L’étude souligne également que certaines formes traditionnelles de comportements masculins sont considérées comme des facteurs pouvant limiter la participation et l’équité au sein de l’administration, alors que la masculinité positive est perçue comme une approche capable de promouvoir des relations professionnelles plus équilibrées et une gestion publique davantage orientée vers la responsabilité.
En outre, les analyses effectuées montrent que la masculinité positive est susceptible de renforcer plusieurs dimensions essentielles de la bonne gouvernance, notamment l’éthique, la transparence, le leadership administratif, l’environnement de travail et l’efficacité institutionnelle. Les résultats statistiques obtenus ont également révélé l’existence de certaines relations significatives entre les variables étudiées, mettant en évidence l’influence des facteurs sociaux et organisationnels sur la perception et l’application de la masculinité positive au sein de l’administration publique. À cet effet, cette étude souligne la nécessité de développer des actions de sensibilisation, de formation et d’intégration des valeurs liées à la masculinité positive dans les politiques administratives afin de favoriser une administration plus inclusive, performante et conforme aux principes de bonne gouvernance.
Mots-clés : Masculinité, Masculinité Positive, Gouvernance et Bonne Gouvernance, etc.
Professional development remains a central pillar in strengthening instructional quality and institutional effectiveness within Colleges of Education. However, while structural and policy-based reforms have received considerable scholarly attention, limited empirical focus has been directed toward the psychological determinants that influence lecturers’ engagement in professional growth. This study examined the role of self-esteem in enhancing the professional development of lecturers in Colleges of Education in Ghana. Grounded on the Self-Concept Theory, the study adopted a quantitative descriptive analytical survey design involving 300 lecturers selected through stratified random sampling from 16 Colleges of Education. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire measuring self-esteem and professional development constructs, and were analysed using descriptive statistics and linear regression techniques. The findings revealed that lecturers generally demonstrated moderately high levels of self-esteem, which significantly predicted their engagement in professional development activities (β = 0.412, p < 0.001). Lecturers with stronger self-esteem exhibited greater commitment to continuous learning, adaptability to educational reforms, pursuit of higher academic qualifications, and responsiveness to constructive feedback. Institutional recognition and supportive professional environments further reinforced lecturers’ confidence and motivation for growth. Conversely, self-doubt was associated with reduced participation in developmental initiatives. The study concluded that self-esteem functions as a critical psychological resource that strengthens lecturers’ intrinsic motivation, professional identity, and sustained engagement in capacity-building programmes. It recommends the integration of psychological empowerment strategies, mentoring structures, and counselling support within Continuous Professional Development frameworks to enhance lecturers’ effectiveness and institutional advancement.
Dans le Mayo Tsanaga, l’essentiel de la production est généré par des petites exploitations agricoles familiales (environ 0,5 ha à 1,5 ha). Il y coexiste des formes de vulnérabilité structurelle et conjoncturelle malgré la clémence du climat montagnard qui y règne. L’objectif de cet article est de mettre en lumière le contexte de production qui rend vulnérable le système alimentaire dans le Mayo Tsanaga. La méthodologie est basée sur une recherche documentaire dans les centres de lecture, une enquête de terrain via l’observation et un questionnaire d’enquête auprès de 338 ménages. Il ressort que le Mayo Tsanaga est sous le joug d’un climat sahélien de montagne capricieux, son relief s’avère accidenté sur un sol rocailleux. Les pratiques culturales sont rudimentaires et les cultures sont mises en mal par les acridiens. Malgré ce contexte difficile de production agricole, le Mayo-Tsanaga s’avère être un bassin de production des céréales, des légumineuses et du maraicher.
Cette étude interroge une problématique intéressante concernant l’enseignement des techniques d’impression dans la formation des designers et infographes à l’enseignement supérieur de Lubumbashi. Il s’agit d’une filière d’études non abondamment sollicitée par les étudiants à l’instar des autres filières comme les sciences administratives et juridiques, les sciences commerciales et de gestion, …
Au regard de la rareté des spécialistes en la matière formés au niveau supérieur à Lubumbashi, il a été suscité en nous la curiosité d’interroger la manière dont cet enseignement est dispensé au sein des établissements supérieurs organisant cette filière. Nous nous sommes spécifiquement intéressés à un aspect important du design et de l’infographie à savoir, les techniques d’impression.
A partir de ce questionnement général, nous avons été préoccupés par le profil des enseignants de cette discipline avant d’identifier les difficultés auxquelles ils sont confrontés dans l’enseignement de cette matière indispensable pour la formation d’un designer et infographe.
La triangulation méthodologique nous a conduit à l’usage de l’approche adductive, des méthodes d’enquête et d’action participative, au questionnaire et à l’entretien en focus group. L’usage du test binomial nous facilité le traitement statistique des données au regard de l’effectif très réduit du groupe d’étude enquêté.
Cet article met en évidence le rôle central de la rémunération dans la santé physique des enseignants universitaires en République Démocratique du Congo, en particulier à l’Université Pédagogique Nationale. Il montre que des salaires insuffisants et irréguliers affectent directement la capacité des enseignants à subvenir à leurs besoins essentiels tels que l’alimentation, les soins médicaux et le logement. Cette précarité entraîne fatigue chronique, stress, surcharge de travail et recours à des activités complémentaires pour compenser les faibles revenus. L’étude souligne que la rémunération ne se limite pas à une contrepartie financière, mais constitue aussi un facteur de motivation, de reconnaissance sociale et de stabilité professionnelle, influençant ainsi la performance académique et le bien-être global.
L’étude propose plusieurs pistes d’action. Dont le gouvernement congolais devrait améliorer progressivement les salaires, garantir la régularité des paiements et renforcer les mécanismes de protection sociale et d’assurance santé. Les autorités de l’Université Pédagogique Nationale sont invitées à instaurer des programmes de suivi médical, développer un système de soutien psychosocial et créer un environnement de travail favorable. Enfin, les enseignants eux-mêmes doivent adopter des habitudes de vie saines, incluant une alimentation équilibrée, une activité physique régulière et un repos suffisant, afin de limiter les effets du stress chronique. L’ensemble de ces mesures vise à améliorer la qualité de vie et la santé physique des enseignants, tout en renforçant leur efficacité professionnelle.
Mots-clés : Rémunération, Sante Physique, Enseignant, etc...
This study investigated the relationship between board governance attributes and integrated reporting quality, as well as how the relationship is moderated by financial leverage, in Nigerian listed Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) from 2016–2025. An ex post facto research design was adopted, using secondary data collected from the annual reports of all 24 listed DMBs, which constituted both the population and sample of the study. Data analysis was performed using pooled ordinary least squares regression. The findings revealed that board governance attributes (F-stat. 45.26, p-value 0.000) have a significant positive relationship with integrated reporting quality among listed DMBs in Nigeria. Furthermore, financial leverage (F-stat. 52.41, p-value 0.000) positively and significantly moderated the relationship between board governance attributes and integrated reporting quality. It was concluded that board governance attributes are significant determinants of reporting quality, and this effect is amplified in banks with higher levels of financial leverage. Therefore, it is recommended that the management of listed DMBs in Nigeria should strengthen board governance by establishing dedicated ESG oversight committees, enhancing strategic clarity, investing in technology governance capabilities, and encouraging proactive sustainability disclosure. Banks should also recognize that capital structure influences disclosure incentives, and should align governance improvements with prudent leverage management to sustain high-quality integrated reporting.
This study examined the impact of microfinance bank activities on small and medium enterprises performance and financial inclusion after COVID1-19 surge in Oyo State, Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 5 microfinance banks from each senatorial district, totaling 15 microfinance banks as a sample size for the study. Registered Small and Medium Enterprises in Oyo State were senatorially stratified after which fifty (50) small and medium enterprises were randomly selected across the three senatorial districts of Oyo State. The questionnaire was employed to collect data and scales measuring emergency loans, fixed assets loans, working capital loans, local purchase order financing, SMEs performance, and financial inclusion. The study confirmed that MEBs offered financial support (emergency loans, fixed asset loans, working capital loans and local purchase order financing) to boost financial inclusion and SMEs performance in Nigeria after COVID-19. Evidence shows that SMEs performance is significantly influenced by emergency loans, while financial inclusion is not significantly influenced by emergency loans. The study established that fixed asset loans have significant effect on financial inclusion but have insignificant effect on SMEs performance. Also revealed that working capital loans have direct link with SMEs performance, and financial inclusion but have no significant effect on SMEs performance, and financial inclusion. It was also revealed that local purchase order financing has no significant effect on SMEs performance, and financial inclusion. Consequently, the study recommended that the financial and regulatory supports should be given to microfinance banks by the Central Bank of Nigeria to enable the sector to support small business and less privilege in the economy.
This study investigates the structural relationship between Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool usage and the academic performance of students within higher education institutions in Nairobi County, Kenya. Guided by Constructivist Learning Theory and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the paper evaluates how Generative AI, personalized tutoring algorithms, and automated writing assistants influence cumulative grade point averages (GPA) and cognitive skill development. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, targeting a stratified sample of 456 undergraduate students and 60 academic staff across selected public and private colleges in Nairobi. Data collection was executed via self-administered questionnaires and focus group discussions, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation, and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The empirical findings reveal a positive and significant relationship between structured AI usage and student academic performance (\(r = 0.689, p < 0.05\)). Furthermore, the study establishes that academic self-efficacy and a smart learning environment fully mediate this nexus. However, significant challenges persist, including an underlying threat to institutional academic integrity, severe intra-regional digital infrastructure divides, and a total vacuum regarding standardized AI institutional policies. The paper concludes with an actionable roadmap for policymakers aimed at optimizing AI integration in the East African higher education landscape.
Water pollution is a major environmental challenge in South Asia, especially in crowded urban areas like Dhaka and Khulna. This study introduces a complete IoT-based water quality monitoring system paired with an intelligent analysis tool for real-time assessment and decision-making. We monitored four key water quality parameters—Nitrate (NO₃⁻), Ammonia (NH₃), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), and Iron (Fe)—at nine different water sources, including rivers, lakes, and municipal supply systems.
An automated analyzer application was developed to quickly calculate water quality scores and provide practical recommendations. Our results show that 44.4% of the water sources have poor to very poor quality, with the Buriganga River being the most polluted. This research supports sustainable water management through technology and offers a model that can be applied across South Asia for effective water quality monitoring.
The convergence of armed conflict and agricultural systems poses one of the most pressing
challenges to global food security. While Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized
agricultural efficiency in peacetime, its performance during crises reveals critical vulnerabilities.
This paper presents an integrated framework for understanding the complex interactions between
AI, agriculture, conflict, and media ecosystems. Through analysis of recent conflicts—
particularly the Russia-Ukraine war—we identify a "triple resilience gap" encompassing physical
disruptions, informational failures, and behavioral responses that compound during crises. The
paper argues that media constitutes a critical but neglected variable, shaping market sentiment,
consumer behavior, and information warfare dynamics. Moving beyond diagnosis to action, we
introduce the Agricultural Resilience Bot, a functional open-source web application that
operationalizes the principles of conflict-resilient AI(github). The bot provides conflict-adaptive
crop recommendations, dynamic supply route alternatives, media intelligence monitoring,
predictive price modeling, and multi-timescale risk assessment—all within a privacy-preserving
localhost architecture. This proof-of-concept demonstrates that theoretical insights can translate
into practical tools accessible to farmers, logistics managers, policymakers, and humanitarian
workers. The paper concludes with stakeholder-specific recommendations and a call to action for
developing AI systems that prioritize resilience alongside efficiency, ensuring food security when
it is most threatened.
The global fashion sourcing ecosystem is highly fragmented, with activities such as design creation, cultural validation, supplier selection, fraud detection, cost estimation, logistics planning, blockchain verification, and consumer visualization often managed separately. This fragmentation reduces efficiency, transparency, and decision quality. To address these challenges, this paper presents CAFSA (Cultural-Aware Fashion Sourcing Algorithm), an integrated multi-agent AI framework that unifies the sourcing process into a transparent and modular system. CAFSA coordinates eleven specialized agents responsible for design generation, cultural validation, supplier assessment, fraud detection, cost estimation, logistics routing, user preference modeling, blockchain verification, and AR-based visualization. A central Decision Agent combines outputs into a unified sourcing recommendation. The framework uses interpretable trust and cost models to support explainable decision-making. CAFSA also introduces Hybrid Constraint-Aware Routing (HCAR) and WebAR visualization to enhance operational efficiency and consumer trust. Implemented with Python, FastAPI, machine learning, and AR technologies, CAFSA demonstrates the potential of explainable AI-driven fashion supply chains.
Abstract
The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, introduced in 1986, marked a paradigm shift in public health by emphasising holistic and participatory approaches to health. Now, forty years later, this paper examines the global impact of the Ottawa Charter by evaluating pre-1986 health promotion contexts, analysing post-Charter achievements, identifying challenges, and discussing future directions. Drawing upon international health promotion literature, this paper reflects on key successes, contextual lessons, and policy implications. It concludes with recommendations for revitalising health promotion strategies to align with emerging global health trends and challenges, including digital health, climate change, and equity in healthcare access.
Key Words: Ottawa Charter, Lessons learned, future prospects
Since humanity keeps searching for a more comfortable lifestyle such as those offered in towns, cities and their suburbs, there are growing fears that urban hubs may not sufficiently provide the needs of their population. Buea, a historic montane town is experiencing rapid and unplanned expansion, faces a crisis characterized by anarchic construction (constituting 80% of its growth), and a complete absence of a standardized house numbering system. This study examined the contributions of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Technology in addressing the urban planning challenges in the Buea Municipality, Cameroon. Through a mixed-methods approach combining spatial analysis (using ArcGIS 10.2 and satellite imagery), surveys, and field observations, this research mapped the extent of unplanned development and demonstrated the practical application of GIS in addressing urban management. Common challenges included; narrow streets, insecurity, poor waste management, construction on risky zones and lack of standardize numberings. Key findings revealed that ignorance, unawareness, negligence and non-sensitization of stakeholders on GIS that should be used in the management of their urban space. The study concluded that the Buea Municipality’s reliance on archaic manual management systems is a primary contributor to its urban planning deficits. It strongly recommended the immediate acquisition and integration of GIS technology by the municipal council. This should be supported by the systematic implementation of a house numbering system, capacity building for staff, and the use of spatial data for proactive planning and enforcement, which are essential for transforming Buea into a sustainable, resilient, and efficiently managed urban area.
L’étude met en évidence que l’inflation constitue l’un des principaux obstacles à la stabilité économique et sociale en République Démocratique du Congo. Elle affecte directement le pouvoir d’achat des ménages en réduisant la valeur réelle des revenus et en fragilisant leur capacité à consommer. Les analyses théoriques et empiriques montrent que l’inflation en RDC est souvent liée à des facteurs structurels tels que la dépendance aux importations, la faiblesse institutionnelle et l’instabilité politique. Elle ne se limite donc pas à un phénomène conjoncturel, mais traduit des déséquilibres profonds qui accentuent la pauvreté et limitent les perspectives de développement.
Les résultats de l’étude révèlent que l’inflation exerce une influence négative sur la croissance économique et, par conséquent, sur le bien-être des ménages. Toutefois, son impact n’explique pas à lui seul la dégradation du pouvoir d’achat, qui dépend également d’autres facteurs comme la corruption, les conflits armés et la dépréciation monétaire. L’ensemble de ces éléments souligne la nécessité de politiques publiques cohérentes visant à stabiliser le cadre macroéconomique, renforcer la production locale et protéger les revenus des ménages. La lutte contre l’inflation apparaît ainsi non seulement comme un enjeu économique, mais aussi comme une condition essentielle de stabilité sociale et de développement durable.
Mots-clés : Inflation, Pouvoir d’achat, etc.
Visually impaired persons in resource-constrained environments continue to face significant barriers in education, mobility, and environmental awareness despite advances in assistive technologies. Existing solutions often depend on smartphones, cloud computing, or expensive hardware, limiting accessibility in low-income communities. This paper presents Eyebyorets, an offline multimodal assistive artificial intelligence platform implemented as a wearable smart-glasses system designed specifically for visually impaired users in developing regions. Unlike conventional assistive tools that focus on a single function, Eyebyorets integrates reading assistance, object recognition, environmental awareness, navigation support, speech interaction, and user-centered spatial reasoning within a single edge-AI architecture.
The study introduces four principal contributions: (1) an offline multimodal Edge AI framework deployable on Raspberry Pi Zero hardware; (2) Human-Centered Spatial Positioning (HCSP), which transforms object detections into user-relative three-dimensional descriptions; (3) Relative Spatial Occupancy Navigation (RSON), a lightweight real-time navigation strategy optimized for low-compute environments; and (4) a speech humanization framework that enhances synthetic speech through pitch modulation, rhythm smoothing, and temporal stretching. The platform was developed using a participatory design methodology involving visually impaired users throughout design and evaluation.
Field evaluations conducted in Uganda and Kenya demonstrated successful support for reading printed and digital content, object identification, environmental awareness, and navigation assistance. Users reported high levels of usability and adaptability across multiple daily tasks and expressed strong interest in adopting the technology. The primary concerns identified were affordability and long-term hardware durability. The findings demonstrate that meaningful assistive AI can be deployed entirely offline on low-cost hardware while delivering practical accessibility benefits for visually impaired communities.
This study assessed the status of radiologic facilities and services in selected Rural Health Units (RHUs) in Maguindanao del Norte. It aimed to determine the demographic profile of respondents, evaluate the availability and condition of radiologic facilities and services, identify problems encountered by RHUs, and gather recommendations for improvement. The study used a Convergent Parallel Mixed Methods Research Design, combining descriptive-correlational and thematic analysis approaches. Data were gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire from healthcare personnel selected through availability sampling. Statistical tools such as frequency count, percentage, weighted mean, standard deviation, and Pearson-r correlation were used in analyzing quantitative data, while thematic analysis was applied to qualitative responses.
Findings revealed that most RHUs lack adequate radiologic equipment, services, trained personnel, and compliance with Department of Health (DOH) standards. Maintenance practices and safety measures were also found to be insufficient, resulting in frequent patient referrals to other healthcare facilities. Some demographic variables showed significant relationships with certain aspects of radiologic facility assessment, leading to the partial acceptance and rejection of the null hypothesis. Respondents recommended acquiring radiologic equipment, increasing government support, hiring and training qualified personnel, improving referral systems, and strengthening community awareness. The study concluded that selected RHUs in Maguindanao del Norte face major challenges in providing effective radiologic services due to limited resources and inadequate infrastructure. Comprehensive interventions and stronger collaboration among healthcare institutions and government agencies are recommended to improve healthcare delivery in rural communities.
Keywords: Radiologic Facilities, Rural Health Unit, Maguindanao del Norte
La procrastination académique, définie comme le report volontaire de tâches malgré ses conséquences négatives, est un phénomène peu étudié dans le contexte africain contemporain, marqué par l'essor du numérique. Cette étude vise à analyser son influence sur la performance académique des étudiants de l'Institut Supérieur de Statistique de Kinshasa (ISS/KIN) et à en identifier les déterminants. Une enquête quantitative par questionnaire a été menée auprès d'un échantillon représentatif de 138 étudiants issus des sections de Statistique, Sciences des Transports et Sciences et Techniques Documentaires. Des analyses univariées, bivariées (Khi²), multidimensionnelles (AFCM) et une ANOVA ont été réalisées. L'étude révèle que 68,1% des étudiants ont un niveau de procrastination modéré et 14,5% un niveau élevé. Les principales causes sont la fatigue/stress, la charge de travail et les distractions numériques. L'ANOVA montre un effet significatif du niveau de procrastination sur la performance académique (F(2, 135) = 6,48 ; p=0,002). Les étudiants faiblement procrastinateurs ont une moyenne (13,48/20) significativement supérieure à celle des procrastinateurs modérés (12,20) et élevés (11,53). L'absence de planning, un usage intensif des réseaux sociaux (3-4h/jour) et la section d'étude sont des facteurs associés à une procrastination plus élevée. Ces résultats confirment l'impact négatif de la procrastination sur la performance dans le contexte congolais, en accord avec la littérature internationale. Les spécificités locales, comme le rôle des distractions numériques, sont mises en évidence. L'étude recommande la mise en place d'ateliers de gestion du temps et d'éducation à un usage responsable du numérique à l'ISS/KIN.
Artificial intelligence points the world to a new way of solving problems – a way that previous protocols, standards and guidelines could not possibly conceive let alone accept. Digital inequalities exist between developed and developing countries along with ethical concerns related to algorithmic bias and governance. Developing countries need more integration of AI in healthcare delivery in other to close the huge and increasing gap caused by poor healthcare systems, poor funding and brain drain of health care workers. An estimated 4.6 billion people worldwide still lack access to essential health services. Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 25% of the global disease burden yet has only 3% of the world's health workers. What machine learning can do in resource-constrained settings is endless, and when the goal is to improve health outcomes, universal health coverage by 2030 is a sure reality for all. AI integration into the healthcare industry is a revolution, a reality and a fundamental human right. When AI is thoughtfully applied, it is able to close the healthcare gap most sustainably.
The aim of this study is to build a Facial Emotion Recognition Model for Detection of Customers Behavior using CNN Algorithm (FER-CB-CNN) using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm. The study was able to build a real-life working system that can predict customers/workers behavior with very high accuracy leading to quick decision making by organization’s through their facial emotions instead of textual or voice method and to also ensure that the developed system uses a friendly interface such as graphical user interface (GUI) to interact with the various level of users. A hybrid methodology was adopted in the study design and development where, Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Network (DL-CNN) framework architecture was adopted to build a sequential model with several convolutional layers, pooling layers, and fully connected layers while the Dropout layers was used to prevent overfitting of the trained model and Agile approach was used to design the graphical user interface (GUI) for easier interaction. The significance of this study focuses on the importance of customer/workers feedback to organizations for effective and more accurate decision making using facial emotion/expressions. The dataset for the model development was gotten from kaggle repository containing (35887) image data. Comprehensive testing including unit, integration, system, and performance evaluation demonstrated that the proposed system improves prediction accuracy, minimizes data loss and exposure risk, and enhances device responsiveness with enhanced validated accuracy. The results show that Recall Rate (RR) predicted 64% and Precision -Rate (PR) 65% and Confusion matrix of 65% which constitute better Average Recall when compared to the existing state of the art approaches relating to facial emotion detection framework to predict customers/workers behaviors. This paper contributes a scalable, secure, and intelligent framework for detecting customers/workers behavior through their facial emotions, supporting remote prediction through the GUI module, accuracy in decision making, enhancing customer/workers relationship, responsive real-life data generation, and organizational goal improvement.
This article analyzes the issue of recognition put to the test of the unrecognizable through the philosophy of Paul Ricoeur, in order to shed light on the challenges of social justice and human dignity in the DRC. It begins with the observation that the multiple forms of misrecognition observed in public institutions, professional relationships, and wage policies, particularly in the DRC, compromise the recognition of individuals and weaken social cohesion.
Keywords: Recognition, unrecognizable, Paul Ricoeur, Social justice, human dignity, wage policy, DRC.
This article offers a philosophical analysis of recognition at work based on its main components: the actors, the objects, the places, the temporality, the modalities, and the purposes of recognition. The study highlights that acknowledging these elements promotes the dignity of the worker, the development of human capacities, social justice, and social cohesion.
Keywords: Recognition at work, social justice, human dignity, social cohesion, actors, places, temporality, modalities, purposes.
This article reports a single case study of a real professional negotiation in the Brazilian construction sector. The case concerns negotiations for a job contract between an engineer and a large construction company. The analysis investigates the interplay of bargaining power, trust, preparation, and psychological tactics that occurred and characterizes the variety of contextual, emotional, and organizational pressures that affected the final agreement. Results show that the engineer reached an agreement he accepted, albeit below his target. The results have implications for managers and those planning their careers. The study contributes to the theory concerning negotiations in emerging markets, helpful for negotiators, mediators, decision-makers, and other practitioners.
Intestinal obstruction is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication in the postpartum period. We report the case of a 21-year-old primiparous woman who developed a gangrenous ileocecal volvulus on the second postoperative day following emergency lower uterine segment cesarean section (LUSCS) performed for fetal tachycardia and meconium-stained liquor. She presented with progressive abdominal distension, bilious vomiting, and pain. Radiological evaluation suggested small bowel obstruction, and emergency laparotomy confirmed a 540-degree clockwise ileocecal volvulus with patchy necrosis. Resection and double-barrel ileocolostomy were performed. This case emphasizes the importance of early clinical suspicion, prompt imaging, and urgent surgical intervention in managing postpartum intestinal obstruction to reduce morbidity and mortality.
The primary objective of this study was to establish the role and assess the impact of JCM in combating child labour in the tobacco growing communities of Nkeyema and Chipata. The specific objectives included: identifying the primary factors driving child labour in the tobacco farming communities in the two districts; knowing the impact of child labour on the physical and mental health of young children engaged in the cultivation of tobacco; and outlining the economic consequences of child labour.
In terms of research methodology, the study was qualitative in design since it was a case study and participatory in nature. The study was also descriptive and social in nature. A descriptive survey research design was used in the research to collect data. In this study questionnaires were used for data collection. The data was collected from the District Labour Offices, Community Child Labour Committee (CCLC) Members, school managers & teachers of the community schools, and tobacco farm workers with their children. The children were interviewed together with their parents. The children could not be interviewed alone because the parents gave consent to the interviews.
It was concluded that child labour in the tobacco-growing areas of Chipata and Nkeyema was ingrained in economic necessity, social norms and weak policy enforcement. Although poverty remained the main cause of child labour, findings revealed that broader structural issues such as inadequate income opportunities, seasonal labour demands and gaps in educational accessibility added to the persistence of child labour.
Background: Rectus sheath abscess is a rare but serious complication in the postpartum period. This report aims to present a case and discuss the potential pathophysiology and management.
Case: A 29-year-old para 3 woman presented 19 days after an uncomplicated vaginal delivery with lower abdominal pain, fever, and a suprapubic mass. Imaging confirmed a rectus sheath abscess. She was successfully managed with intravenous antibiotics and surgical drainage.
Conclusion: This case highlights that a rectus sheath abscess, though uncommon, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a postpartum woman presenting with abdominal pain and fever. A high index of suspicion, prompt imaging, and a combination of surgical intervention and antibiotics are crucial for a successful outcome.
This study employs SCAPS-1D simulations to comparatively evaluate the photovoltaic performance of MAPbI3-, FAPbI3-, and CsPbI3-based perovskite solar cells in an n-i-p device architecture. The analysis focuses on how absorber bandgap, electron affinity, defect density, and interfacial band alignment influence charge transport, recombination, and overall device efficiency. The proposed structure consists of FTO as the transparent conducting oxide, different electron transport layers (ZnO, TiO2, PCBM, C60, SnO2, IGZO, and WS2), MAPbI3, FAPbI3, or CsPbI3 as the absorber, CBTS as the hole transport layer, and Au as the back contact. Among the tested ETLs, WS2 delivered the highest photovoltaic performance, particularly in the FTO/WS2/FAPbI3/CBTS/Au configuration. Band-offset analysis further indicated favorable charge-selective alignment for WS2-based devices. The effects of absorber thickness, absorber defect density, ETL donor concentration, series resistance, shunt resistance, capacitance, Mott-Schottky behavior, and operating temperature were systematically investigated. After optimization, the simulated power conversion efficiencies reached 29.67%, 30.58%, and 26.10% for MAPbI3-, FAPbI3-, and CsPbI3-based devices, respectively. These results provide insight into absorber-dependent performance variation and offer guidance for designing high-efficiency perovskite solar cells using suitable transport-layer engineering.
Mobile Health (mHealth) is a timely and cost-effective means for patients to report their health condition to physicians. Developed nations have advanced in the use of mHealth; however, the developing nations are in early stages of employing mHealth. Despite the growing use of mobile health (mHealth), Health Care Workers (HCWs) appear to face barriers hindering the use of mHealth applications. This study investigated factors influencing the uptakeof m Health. This was a qualitative study that sought the perspective of five Key informants involved in execution of m Health uptake. The Key informants included the Hospital Medical superintendent, Hospital administrator, information and communication technology (ICT) officer, and information communication technology maintenance officer (ICT) purposively selected. Data for the study was collected using in-depth interviews. The collected data was analyzed thematically. The results showed that that the difference in utilization of m Health among the HCWs by age; youthful HCWs had a higher ability to trouble shoot than the elderly, had also a higher ability to use security features of the mHealth devices. The Hospital lacked necessary m health uptake materials like adequate work space, limited trouble shooting materials, poor technical support, power outages and unsteady Wifi. The study concluded that both hospital related factors and individual Health Care Workers related factors influence uptake of m Health at the Chuka County Referral Hospital. The study recommends that HCWs should continuously be trained to efficiently use mHealth. The Hospital should allocate more resources to the development of mHealth.
Terrorism has been a significant security concern for Somalia, just like some other parts of the world, despite the increased effort by the government and development partners in eradicating this security threat across the country. This, therefore, calls for effective commitment, especially of the security forces. The quantitative study employed descriptive study design and through stratified random techniques, selected 88 respondents drawn from both the police and the military agencies. The study used five likert scale structured questionnaires and key informant interviews for data collection and served as primary sources of information. Descriptive, correlational and regression analyses were used to analyze numerical data. The results were presented through tables, graphs and narrations. The study established that police operation factors that include intelligence gathering, community policing and culprit apprehension significantly contributed to counter terrorism in Somalia with the military operations and intervention significantly contributing to 37.3% of counter terrorism solutions in Somalia pointing to the importance of both military and police interventions in counter terrorism. Finally, collaborative and joint operations between the military and the police remain critical in counter terrorism in Somalia. The study recommended that police need to create an effective community policing system that is able to stop radicalization in time and prevent it from leading to terrorism. The police and the military should collaborate, with the military employing contingency operations where necessary, while the police deter possible terrorist attacks and restore the rule of law in addition to apprehending the suspects for prosecution.
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