Peer-reviewed international research papers published open-access with EOI assignment and global indexing across engineering, computer science, environmental science, social sciences, and more.
This study was undertaken to look into the utilization of digital technology and the Academic Performance of Grade 9 students of Opol National Secondary Technical School. Specifically, this sought to identify the profile of the respondents’ used of digital technology in terms of log-in smart phone/tablet, use of computer/laptop, and log-in in the internet; to determine the Academic Performance of the stu-dents in terms of final general average grade, school year 2019-2020; and find the significant relationship between the utilization of digital technology and the Academic Performance of the students. The study employed a descriptive survey research method which included quan-titative approach in collecting numerical data through questionnaire. It also used frequency and percentage distribution, mean and standard deviation. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient inferential was also used to find the relationships among the variables. The re-spondents of the study were the 843 Grade 9 students of Opol National Secondary Technical School. Results showed that Most of the Time students utilize digital technology in terms of smart phones or tablets and use Internet 1-2 times a day for learning activities. They seldom use computer and laptop. However, utilizing smart phones or tablets has No Significant Relationship to their Academic Performance, only on utilizing Computer or laptops and Internet. Most of the students are in Very Satisfactory level in their Academic Performance. It can be con-cluded that utilizing smartphones or tablets can already help enhance teaching and learning. It can be recommended that the school and even the teachers will have a laptop of his own.
The study sought to determine the extent of organizational commitment and job satisfaction and its association on the level of teachers’ performance in Pedro Oloy N. Roa Elementary School in the Division of Cagayan de Oro City for the school year 2020-2021. Specifically, it aimed to attain the following objectives: to determine the extent of organizational commitment of teachers in terms of: affective, continuance, and normative commitment; to find out the extent of job satisfaction of the teachers; to ascertain the level of teachers’ performance for School Year 2020-2021 and to determine if a significant relationship exists between the level teachers’ performance, level of job satisfaction, and the extent of their organizational commitment. The study utilized the descriptive-correlational research design and used a questionnaire as the main instrument. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to determine the extent of commitment and job satisfaction of the teachers and their teaching performance. Pearson Coefficient of Correlation was employed to find out the significant relationship between the teach-ing performance, job satisfaction and the extent of organizational commitment. The teachers have a High level of engagement and dedication toward their individual jobs and the organization. The level of Affective Commitment is statistically associated to teachers’ performance. In like manner, Normative Commitment is statistically associated with job satisfaction of the teachers. School head and department heads may reinforce the positive behavior of the teachers to uplift their moral that will redound to a higher level of commitment and performance. The administrator may continue and maintain the present work environment to maintain the level of commitment and job satisfaction as well as the outstanding performance of the teachers.
This research dissertation intends to investigate the influence of strategic management practices on project performance using a case of Busoro Wet Peat Mining Dredging Project in NYANZA District. This research was guided by the following the following objectives; to determine the influence of strategic evaluation on performance of Busoro Wet Peat Mining Dredging Project; to analyze the influence of strategic analysis on performance of Busoro Wet Peat Mining Dredging Project; to examine the influence of strategic formulation on performance of Busoro Wet Peat Mining Dredging Project and to assess the influence of strategic implementation on performance of Busoro Wet Peat Mining Dredging Project. This dissertation used a qualitative approach as research design. This research dissertation used 80 respondents from Busoro Wet Peat Mining Dredging Project population study and sample size from Busoro Wet Peat Mining Dredging Project to respond to research questionnaires. To describe target population of a study as the point of focus from which a generalization was made regarding the research findings. Research used primary and secondary data to get all information needed in this study, the quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics after running the data collected through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Regression coefficients are the estimates of the unknown population parameters and describe the relationship between a predictor variable and the response. In linear regression, coefficients are the values that multiply the predictor values. The results indicated that strategic analysis has positive and significant effect on project performance as (β1=0.029, t= 0.212; p-value= 0.003 less than significant standard of 1%). Findings show that strategic formulation has positive and significant effect on project performance as (β2= 0.003, t= 0.023 and p-value= .001 less than standard significant of 1%). Strategic implementation has positive and significant effect on project performance where (β3= .582, t= 5.212 and p-value= .000 less than 1%). Findings also show that strategic evaluation has positive and significant effect on project performance as (β4= .018, t= 0.164 and p-value= .000 less than standard significant of 1%). The regression equation shows that project performance of always relies upon on a constant aspect of 6.717 regardless of the existence of other factors. The alternative variables explain that; every unit change in strategic management, however x1, x2, x3, x4 equivalent with 0.029; 0.003; 0.582; 0.018; with 1.543 as standard error that affect the project performance of Busoro. All factors of various dimensions of strategic plans and performance indictors should be put into the right perspective, so as to help the general workforce of the Busoro Wet Peat Mining Dredging Project to understand the main objectives and the strategic management practices in place to achieve objectives. This will enlighten the employees of Busoro Wet Peat Mining Dredging Project to gear towards delivering services to enhance the general strategy and to raise its performance.
Learning style preference can increase educational experience given these are identified by teachers who match classroom instructions in congruent with the given students’ learning style preferences. To help augment research in this area of matching classroom activities with the learning style preference of students, this descriptive study, which used both qualitative and quantitative methods of research, surveyed students’ learning style preferences and analyzed 164 daily lesson logs prepared by the English teachers. This study yielded the following findings: 1) Most high school students are visual learners; 2) Most instructional strategies of the teachers cater to the needs of auditory learners; 3) There was a mismatch instruction between the students’ learning style preferences and the teachers’ instructional strategies; and 4) In order to increase awareness and understanding on matching the students’ learning style preferences and the teachers’ instructional strategies, a matrix on Learning Action Cell (LAC) sessions on the preparation and construction of daily lesson logs is proposed. Keywords: auditory, daily lesson logs, kinesthetic, learning style preferences, visual
Macroalgae have a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity that can inhibit the Vibrio harveyi bacteria which causes vibriosis disease. Treatment of this disease has been done before using antibiotics or vaccines. However, this treatment has not been effective, so it is necessary to look for other alternatives that can be used as natural antibacterials. The aim of this study was to screen antibacterial using macroalgae extracts of Sargassum sp. from Tunda Island waters against Vibrio Harveyi bacteria in-vitro. The extract material was prepared by using a gradient maceration method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and acetone solvents, while the secondary metabolite test used the phytochemical method and the in vitro antibacterial test used the Kirby-Bauer method. The results of the antibacterial test that have been carried out show that the three macroalgae extracts of Sargassum sp. has the antibacterial activity of Vibrio harveyi. The highest inhibition zone in the extract of Sargassum sp. is a 75% (7.75 mm) n-hexane extract. The inhibition zone category belongs to the medium category. Phytochemical test results showed that the macroalgae Sargassum sp. contains flavonoids, steroids and saponins. Secondary metabolite compounds are thought to be one of the compounds that act as antibacterial Vibrio harveyi, so testing is necessary to determine the type of specific compounds in the three macroalgae extracts from the waters of Tunda Island.
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious disease of sheep and goats caused by a Morbillivirus closely related to rinderpest virus and is known with high mortality rate of 90% and morbity of 100%. It is one of the most damaging livestock diseases in Africa, the Middle East and Asia which has strong negative impact on food security and the livelihoods of poor farmers. PPR are diagnosed the animal with clinical sign like pyrexia, oculo-nasal discharges, necrotizing and erosive stomatitis, gastroenteritis, diarrhea and broncho pneumonia, in addition gross pathology and histological findings along with laboratory confirmation of specific virus antigen, antibodies, genome in the clinical samples through a variety of serological and molecular diagnostic tests can be useful. Vaccination with live attenuated whole virus vaccine is the only strategy adopted for prevention and control of this disease. For implementing the proper control of PPR, there is need of strong support of diagnostic methods and proper, timely vaccination of the susceptible population. Hence, the availability of cell culture vaccine and various diagnostic techniques/kits for the diagnostic of PPR favours strong recommendation put forward for the control program of the disease. The vaccination campaigns for diseases such as PPR is to reach post-vaccination immunity coverage of 70-80% . Key words: Review, peste des petites ruminants, Etiology, Diagnosis. Control and prevention.
In order for a project to be considered successful, it must be completed within the parameters of its performance goals, within its slated budget and on schedule. Thus, this study investigated what influence of soft skills play in the performance of project managers and how this soft skills influence success of a project. The study adopted descriptive research design, which allowed the researcher to study the elements in their natural form and to come up with descriptive statistics that can assist in explaining the relationship that exists among variables. Due to the limited time all population were not reached, the sample size was 164 respondents those selected from staff of Hakan Quantum Peat Power Project Rwanda. Data collected from the primary survey was compiled, sorted, edited, cleaned, tabulated, weighted and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS). Using descriptive statistics (regression and spearman’s correlation co-efficient). The results reveal the following: Using Y= α+β1X1 and Beta=.689, indicating that interpersonal skills cause 68.9 % rise or influence on the project success. The ratio of beta modal findings for the t value stated that t=5.679, indicating that the probability value and effects on project success is significant, with p value of 0.00. the researcher has answered the first question of the study confirming that interpersonal skills have significance influence on the project success. With Y= α+β2X2 and Beta=.577, implying that the change on coordination skills generate a 0.577 (57.7%) rise in project success. The ratio of beta modal findings for the t value stated t=8.42, indicating that the probability value on project success is significant, with sig.=0.000. To close, the researcher observed the second hypothesis of this study, and answered the research question confirming that coordination skills have an influence on project success and the p value was less than 0.05 as well. Using Y= α+β3X3 and Beta=.804, implying that the change in team building skills generate a 0.804 (80.4%) rise in project success. The ratio of beta modal findings for the t value stated t=8.332, indicating that the probability value on project success is significant, with p=0.000 and less than 0.05. Safely, the researcher has verified the third hypothesis of this study and answered the third question of the study by confirming that team building skills has a significance influence on project success. Concluding, the researcher recommends that: There is need to train employees about the importance of self-awareness and adapting to differences at the workplace. There is need to figure out the major responsibilities and relate to experience of an employee before assigning responsibilities of coordinating others. Lastly, there is a need for managers and leaders to recognize the need to form groups of people with different abilities and talents where each employee brings uniqueness relevant to the project and be able to communicate it clearly.
Achieving high performance on the construction site is a challenge project managers face. This research’s main objective is to assess the relationship between communication channels and performances of construction projects at Gasabo district headquarter Kigali, Rwanda. This study used both stratified and purposive sampling methods. The population was made of public agencies, contractors, consultants, and contracting firms involved in construction projects. The target population of 160 was considered where purposive sampling technique was used in which the researcher relies on his or her own judgment when choosing members of the population to participate in the study and was used to select the participant of the interview. The primary data was obtained using questionnaires while the secondary data was gathered from the literature. Quantitative data was analyzed using computer software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 to enable mathematically computations since analyzing of data manually would be tedious and would lead to errors. The analyzed data was presented using regression analysis, test the hypothesis, and correlation coefficient. In reporting the study findings, the highest percentage and mean was considered. Based on the results from the field β= .159. means that interactive communication contributes 15.9% on the performance of construction projects. The ratio of β test modal results into t value, t value is 3.581. Thus, interactive communication has influence on the performance of construction projects. β= .216. means that push communication contributes 21.6% on the performance of construction projects at Gasabo district Kigali-Rwanda. t value is 4.440 and it is greater than 1.96. Therefore, push communication has influence on the performance of construction projects. So, the second alternative hypothesis of this study which says that there is no significance relationship between push communication and construction project performance at Gasabo District Kigali-Rwanda is rejected. β= .361. It means that pull communication contributes 36.1% on the performance of construction projects at Gasabo district Kigali-Rwanda. The ratio of β test modal results into t value is 4.833 and it is greater than 1.96. Therefore, pull communication factors have influence on the performance of construction projects. Considering the Rwandan construction industry, there is a strong need for improvement in project communication management for the enhancement of project performance and delivery. Studies have established that lack of proper communication between the consultants and contractors has a significant contribution on project success in Rwanda. Keywords: Communication, Project Communication and Performance.
This study entitled” Project manager’s soft skills and success of educational project, a case of Warehouse and school feeding project implemented by ADRA-Rwanda, in Karongi District”. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of project managers ’soft skills on the success of WHSF project of education project, a case of warehouse and school feeding project implemented by ADRA Rwanda in refugee’s camps in Karongi District. The study was guided by four specific objectives such as to find out effect of leadership skills on the success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda in refugee camps of Karongi District ; to investigate effect of conflict management skills on the success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda in refugee camps of Karongi District; to determine the effect of motivation skills on success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda in refugee camps of Karongi District and to assess effect of communications skills on the success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda in refugee camps of Karongi District. The study used both descriptive research design and correlational research design. The study covers 111 employees of Warehouse and School Feeding Project as sample size. Questionnaire and interview guide was used to collect data and finally the study will use descriptive statistics and inferential statistics as method of data analysis. The results revealed that leadership skills have significance positive effect on success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda as indicated by β1= 0.318, p-value=0.000<0.05, t=4.866 which implies that an increase of one unit in leadership skills would lead to an increase in success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda by 0.186 units. The findings show that conflict management skills have significance positive effect on success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda as indicated by β2=0.125, p-value=0.031<0.05, t=2.183. The implication is that an increase of one unit in conflict management skills would lead to an increase in success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda by 0.125 units. The results revealed that motivation skills have significance positive effect on success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda as indicated by β3= 0.308, p-value=0.000<0.05, t=4.672 which means that an increase one unit in motivation skills would lead to an increase in success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda by 0.308 units. The results revealed that communications skills have significance positive effect on success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda as indicated by β4= 0.363, p-value=0.000<0.05, t=4.940. The implication is that an increase one unit in communications skills would lead to an increase in success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda by 0.363 units. This implied that, communications skills were more likely to accomplish success of WHSF project. Based on the study findings, the study concluded that project managers ’soft skills such as leadership skills; conflict skills; motivation skills and communications skills jointly contribute to 73% change in success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda at 95% confidence of internal however conflict management skills had insignificant effect on success of WHSF project implemented by ADRA Rwanda. The study recommend that staff should be encouraged to work in teams through collaborative activities to achieve organizational goals and to assist them work in specific project teams. Key words: Project manager, soft skills; success of educational project, Warehouse and school feeding project and ADRA-Rwanda.
The study assessed the effect of land use change on forest degradation in peri-urban communities around Port Harcourt, Rivers state, Nigeria. Primary data acquisition involved downloading imageries of years 1986, 2000 and 2020 for land use change analyses. Peri-urban areas/communities around Port Harcourt were delineated for the study. Map overlay functions in ArcGIS 10.5 was employed for determining the change in spatial extent of identified land use types between 1986 and 2000 and between 2000 and 2020. The classified landuse images were then converted to vector format to calculate the area of landuse which included vegetation in each year in squared kilometers using spatial query module in ArcGIS 10.5. Results showed that spatial extent of vegetal cover reduced significantly, from 276.58 km2 (51.11%) in 1986 to 208.78 km2 (38.58%) in year 2020. Significantly, the size of built up area increased from 35.32 km2 (6.53%) in year 1986 to 94.3 km2 (17.43%) in year 2020. The trend in percentage change revealed that vegetation cover recorded a negative trend -25.27 between 1986 and 2020 while the built up area recorded a positive trend of +92.6 between 1986 and 2020. Thus, activities promoting built up area have reduced forest cover overtime in the study area – a direct indication of forest degradation. It therefore recommended amongst others that the activities contributing to high forest depletion should be regulated in the study area. This will discourage forest degradation and ensure the preservation of plant diversity in the peri-urban communities studied.
Soil erosion has been at the forefront of the degradation of soils in Anambra and Imo states in southeastern parts of Nigeria. Hence, the study mapped out soil texture types in Anambra and Imo states in order to determine their erodibility factors for soil erosion. The primary data sources involved downloaded satellite imageries of Anambra and Imo states and were analyzed in ArcGIS 10.5 environment. The secondary data sources involved obtaining information from FAO Digital Soil Map of the Word (DSMW) Shapefile (2021) where the zone of interest was captured over the respective area and the soil data layer was clipped to the study area in ArcGIS environment 10.5. The information generated in ArcGIS 10.5 was analyzed to obtain the K-factor (soil erodibility) maps for the study. Results showed soil texture types and spatial extent (km2) of coarse textured (3.87602 km2); fine textured (1549.14 km2); medium and fine textured (1473.65 km2); and medium textured (1735.51 km2) in Anambra state. Their respective K factors were 0.20; 0.28; 0.26; and 0.24. The results for Imo state soil texture types and spatial extent (km2) recorded fine textured (253.23 km2); medium and fine textured (233.79 km2); and medium textured (4649.29 km2). Their respective K factors are 0.28; 0.26; and 0.24. Thus, areas with low values indicate low capacities to withstand soil erosion while areas with high values indicate high capacities to withstand soil erosion. The study recommends amongst others that the government should intensify efforts in financing researches that is geared toward the control and management of erosion in the study area
The purpose of the study is to analyze the Influence of risk management strategies on road construction performance the case of Muhanga-Ngororero road construction project, in Rwanda; the research objectives include to determine the influence of risk avoidance strategy, to establish the influence of risk reduction strategy, to observe the influence of risk transfer strategy and to assess the influences of risk retention strategy and performance of road construction projects .The target population of the study was key persons involved in selected road construction project undertaken in Horizon construction Ltd. As the study population comprises a few number of people 166, a researcher used census inquiry. The study used descriptive and correlation research design. The study used also primary data which were gathered by administering questionnaires, interview, and observation. Then the data were presented and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistical involved the use of frequencies tables’ standard deviation, mean and mode while inferential statistics include the use of correlation and regression analysis to analyze quantitative data. The outcomes of the research were presented in form of tables, frequencies, percentages to ease interpretations and understanding. Analysis of the data was performed by using SPSS software where regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between independent and dependent variable. The findings revealed that the overall view of respondents on road construction project performance was very high mean equal to 4.37 which implies that there is strong evidence fact that road project performance was at very high extent and standard deviation of 1.04 which implies that heterogeneity responses which demonstrated that the observations were largely close to the mean affirming there is existing fact that road construction project was effective. The researcher recommends that on project risk response planning, the study recommends involvement of all stakeholders with interest in road construction project and adoption of a wide range of responses to risks with emphasis on risk prevention. Finally, on project risk monitoring and control, the study recommends that risk be monitored and controlled more frequently to ensure success road construction project.
This study aimed to investigate the difficulties of vocabulary experienced by EFL students at Sudanese universities. The study adopted the descriptive analytical method, the researcher collected data by using a questionnaire for (30) EFL Sudanese university teachers. To analyze the data the researcher used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).The findings of the study revealed that EFL Sudanese university students encounter some difficulties in vocabulary. In the light of the findings of the study, the researcher recommended that students should be aware of different aspects of English vocabulary. In addition, teachers should offer students the opportunity to acquire new vocabulary using a variety of vocabulary learning strategies that effectively engage them in the learning process. Furthermore, university textbooks should be designed to afford the detail information about the different forms, use of the words and how they can be utilized in various contexts.
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19] vaccination is essential for prevention and control of the pandemic. The elderly are among the most prioritized groups for vaccination due to their weakened immune systems and chronic disease conditions, yet required vaccination uptake is known to be low among this age group. Methodology: A cross-sectional community-based study using a quantitative approach through questionnaires administered by interviewers was carried out among 427 participants in the Benadir region from November to December 2021. A quota-based non-probability sampling technique was used to include participants from all seventeen districts in the region. Result: COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was 40.2%. The main reasons for COVID-19 vaccination hesitation were: lack of adequate information about the vaccines (36.9%), safety concerns (23.1%), religious beliefs (14.1%), vaccine ineffectiveness suspicions (13.3%), against vaccines in general (11%), and believing that COVID-19 is not that serious in their residential or work area (1.2%).Participants' acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination was significantly associated with a lack of formal education, lower educational categories, lack of knowledge of their higher needs to receive COVID-19 vaccines, and having a household member or a friend who died of COVID-19. Conclusion: Health education initiatives, provided by well-trained health professionals and Islamic scholars to provide adequate information about the vaccine in general, its importance, safety, effectiveness, and also to eliminate religious misconceptions about the vaccine, may aid in reducing COVID-19 vaccination hesitation.
Customer satisfaction and loyalty are critical for e-commerce. Two of them are customer capital and customer orientation. This study aims to find out the effect of customer capital and service orientation on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction. This research is quantitative as well as using techniques of purposive sampling. Respondents in the study used the Shopee application, which is part of the student program Masters Management at Hasanuddin University of Makassar's Faculty of Economy and Business. Technique analysis and regression on SPSS software were used to process and analyze up to 131% of the data respondents processed and analyzed. According to the study's findings, customer capital can have a real impact on increasing customer satisfaction and, as a result, customer loyalty.. This result showed with score sobel statistics = 4,227 and score P value = 0.000. With a P value score as big 0.000 & lt; 0.05. The same is true for customer orientation, which has a real effect on increasing customer satisfaction and thus has an impact on customer loyalty.This is indicated by the statistical sobel value = 3.831 and the P value = 0.000. With a P value of 0.000 & lt; 0.05 it can be said that customer satisfaction can mediate the effect of customers' Capital and Service Orientation to loyal customers.
Introduction: Globally, a husband is a significant figure in decision making processes of the family especially to his expectant partner. During this period, mothers, their unborn babies, family members and more so their husbands are excessively worried This research paper aimed at assessing the barriers of male involvement in ANC services in Uganda. Methods: A systematic review of journal articles was carried out using search words: “Barriers”, “Male involvement” and “Antenatal Care”. Different medical databases were used of Google scholar, Research gate and Pub med were used. A total of 134 relevant articles were got between 2010 and 2020 years of publication but were reduced to 36 most relevant full text articles of which 20 were Ugandan studies hinting on male involvement in Antenatal Care (ANC) services. Findings: The review revealed that barriers to male involvement in ANC services in Uganda were classified as gender and cultural norms, lack of services targeting male partners, poor ANC service delivery, free availability of TBAs, poverty, long distances to ANC clinics and long waiting time at health centers, fear of HIV/AIDs testing and lack of specific services targeting men. Conclusion: Basing on findings from the study, it can therefore be concluded that there are many barriers to male involvement in ANC services in Uganda. Husbands are vital in the life of a pregnant mother thus attending to these barriers could significantly increase male involvement in ANC services. Recommendations: The government of Uganda should involve community extension workers in sensitizing households on the benefits of husband involvement in ANC as well as improving service delivery and health care centers. Key words: Barriers, Antenatal Care Services, Male, Uganda
The various use of Dalbergia species had made the family to be on the decline. The potency of some species in this family are yet to be documented due to lack of scientific work among the family. Three solvents of different polarities; hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol were used to extract biomolecules by soxhlet extraction and phytochemical analysis were carried out on the crudes. Isolation of tannin crude was carried out by methods explained in Hagerman, (2002). The antioxidant analysis were carried out at different concentrations of 500 µg, 250 µg, 125 µg, 62.5 µg and 31.5 µg. The phytochemical tests showed the presence of steriods, flavonoid tannins and saponin in hexane extract, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steriod and saponin in ethyl acetate crude extract, alkaloids, steriods, flavonoid, tannin and saponin in methanol crude extract. The DPPH antioxidant analysis showed that the phenolic extract has highest scavenging activity of 62.26 % at 500 µg, 46.95 % at 250 µg, 37. 00 % at 125 µg, 42.79 % at 62.5 µg and 33.97 % at 31.25 µg; the methanol extract has more scavenging activity than the other solvent of lower polarity of 56.61 % at 500 µg, 39.52% at 250 µg, 38.93 % at 125 µg, 37.30 % at 62.5 µg and 30. 02 % at 31.25 µg, the ethyl acetate extract has 51.41 % scavenging activity at 500 µg, 44. 73 % at 250 µg, 37.59 % at 125 µg, 35. 66 % at 61.5 µg, 19.91 % at 31.25 µg; the hexane extract showed 41.75 % scavenging activity at 500 µg, 33.73 % at 250 µg, 29.27 % at 125 µg, 24.81 % at 61.5 µg and 2.53 % at 31. 25 µg. These results have shown that Dalbergia hancie leaves could be a natural source of antioxidants and could possess biomolecules that could be used to prevent oxidative degradation.
The main purpose of this research was to analyze of e-procurement application and the implementation of public procurement principle case study of Rwanda Public Procurement Authority (RPPA). The research was guided by the following specific objectives i) To establish the effect of E-Bidding on competition, ii) To assess the effect of E-Evaluation on transparency, iii) To establish the effect of E-Contract on effectiveness, IV) to establish the relationship between E-procurement and accountability. Descriptive survey used in this study to collect information. Sample size is 120. The purposive sampling technique used to select the participants. Data collected using questionnaire and analyzed using Data analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. In relation to effect of E-bidding on competition where b=0.389,t =1.525and p= 0.46 which shows that there is a positive effect of E-bidding on competition second objective was to analyze if E-Evaluation affect the transparency in Rwanda Public Procurement Authority. The results also revealed that there Most of respondents again agree with the statement where we find beta coefficient which equal to 0.800 , t = 1.659 and p= 0.47 and since p is less that 0.05 it means that there is an effect of E-bidding on transparency third objective , researcher find that there is a positive effect of e-contract on effectiveness where by using linear regression researcher found B=0.812 t=0.281 and p=0.12 and final objective was to find relationship E-procurement and accountability and this is supported by the fact that all means of their responses are at very high range which indicate the existence of relationship between E- procurement and accountability. Findings revealed that there was a positive and significant strong relationship between e-procurement policies and Accountability, increases in the e-procurement in Rwanda Public Procurement Authority increases Accountability by 99.2%. Where p=0.00 which means there a relationship between them the researcher recommends Rwanda Public Procurement Authority to put in place. Effective coaching in understanding E-procurement application and procurement principle should continuously be organized to refresh Rwanda Public Procurement Authority staff and user.
The main purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of procurement planning on service delivery in public sector in Rwanda. This research was guided by the following objectives :i) to examine the Effect of Procurement Policy on Service delivery in NAEB. ii) To investigate Effect of Procurement workforce on service delivery in NAEB. iii) To analyze Effect of Sustainable Procurement Practice on service delivery in NAEB. iv) To understand the relationship between Procurement Planning and Service Delivery. Descriptive research used in this study to collect information. The total population for this study was 71 people. The purposive sampling technique used to select the participants. Data collected using questionnaire and interview .it analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Findings on objective number one revealed that the regression coefficient β= 0.127 at p = 0.021 and t-value of 1.232. Furthermore, the estimate revealed that this procurement policy statistically significant positive effect on service delivery, And objective two study indicate regression coefficient β= 0.455 at p = 0.001 and t-value of 3.345. Furthermore, the estimate revealed that Procurement workforce has positive effect on service delivery. Finally study shows that there is a positive effect of sustainable procurement practice on service delivery by regression coefficient β= 0.488 at p = 0.000 and t-value of 5.083. The findings revealed that, by inferential statistics especially Pearson correlation There was a positive significant relationship between procurement planning and service delivery (rho =0. 392, p which is 0.00 value <0.05) as conclusion there is a moderate positive relationship of procurement planning on service delivery in public sector. And also this study conclude that there a significant positive effect of procurement planning, workforce and sustainable procurement practice on service delivery. As a recommendation NAEB should increase periodic procurement on their employee and Government also should increase quality service delivery awareness campaign in all public institution.
Rice is a global food crop and an economically important crop. Heat stress, the ultimate cause of climate change, leads to various physiological stress on rice. Heat stress significantly reduced yield by affecting the germination, tillering stage, and flowering stages. Moreover, a reduction is more serious at the flowering stage causing minimal effects in other stages. This review summarized how heat effects affect rice at different stages. If special measures to reduce heat stress are not taken, there will be a serious threat to global food security in the coming days. So, heat stress should be managed by using various genetic approaches developing thermo resistance rice varieties, and adjusting rice planting.
Today is the era of computer technology ,and every stuff is shifted to computer technology for future use of things. These days people attempt to lead a high priced existence. They have a tendency to use the stuff either for display off or to show off to the peoples each day. Now a days the intake of crimson wine could be very common place to all. In this regard it have become essential to investigate the feature of wine prior to its intake to grip on human physical condition. Consequently this studies was a forward way to the excellent calculation of the wine the use of its varied attributes. the basic data are the dataset is taken from the resources and the methods are inclusive of support Vector system and Naïve Bayes are implemented. Frequent trial are premeditated where as the cost are as compared amongst data set and trying out set and for this reason the excellent out of the two strategies are implemented and may depends on set whose consequences is expected. Higher effects can be discovered and the best features out from different strategies are determined and merged with each other to increase the accuracy and efficiency value of these . Keywords: Quality; Naïve Bayes; Support Vector Machine; quality, Extreme data.
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