Peer-reviewed international research papers published open-access with EOI assignment and global indexing across engineering, computer science, environmental science, social sciences, and more.
As we enter the third decade of the 21st century, new and powerful forces are driving the direction of innovation in the fields such as science, technology and medicine. Digitalization has the potential to spur economic growth, but risks exacerbating inequalities. Artificial Intelligence (AI), automation and other digital general-purpose technologies can spur economic growth when they generate innovation that complements and enhances human productivity. But they risk worsening economic inequality when innovation simply replaces people. They will make certain occupations obsolete and give rise to new ones that require different sets of skills. While they may create leapfrogging opportunities for some less-developed economies, others may miss out due to a lack of large capital investments and the high-skilled labor force necessary for these technologies to thrive. Current research indicates that many high education institutions have yet to form meaningful or robust responses to the changes occurring in the era of AI. It is imperative that high educational institutions, regardless of the context, understand the current and future importance of AI and begin to incorporate AI into their development and planning processes. Forward thinking and, where possible, preemptive action will position education institutions and their graduates to thrive in the AI era and make a positive contribute to economic, social and individual goals. Failure to do so, will have the opposite effect; graduates will be poorly prepared for the labour market and high education institutions as a whole will lose its status, when precisely the opposite is needed. To achieve this objective regardless of where their country currently stands on the AI adoption curve, the article proposes that education institutions should; Research the available AI tools, Integrate AI and related principles into core requirements, Leverage Open Educational Resources (OERs) to educate staff and students on AI, Guarantee the ethical use of AI and student data in the institutions, Capitalize on and create diversity initiatives in technology and Invest in academia-to-industry pathways.
By 2050, the number of people who live in urban areas is projected to reach 68%. About 90% of the increase will come from Asia and Africa. However, rapid urbanization in the form of urban expansion, specifically when unplanned, leads to undesirable consequences. Rwanda is also under similar scenario and this leads to expressing how important it would be for identifying and evaluating the environmental impact of Rwanda's rapid urbanization. This study objectives are (1) to monitor Urban development of Muhanga satellite City, (2) to analyze the land use/land cover change in Muhanga Satellite City and (3) to evaluate the environmental impact resulting from the Urban development of Muhanga Satellite City. Three satellite imagery data from Landsat acquired in 2003, 2013, and 2023 have been used. Five LULC classes such as Built-up area, Cropland, Bare land, Forest, and Marshland were analyzed, yielding good overall accuracies of 91.0224%, 89.2421%, and 86.5000%, and Kappa Coefficient of 0.8878, 0.8655, and 0.8313. The results indicated that the Built-up area is very expanding over past 20 years. The landscape metrics analysis showed that every 10 years, the built-up area is doubled in Muhanga satellite city. In 2003 Built-up area were 2,168,100 pixels, in 2013 were 4,697,100 pixels, and in January 2023 Built-up area reached 8,832,600 pixels. Therefore, this study recommends local community, government officials, policy makers and urban planners to give more considerations on newly created urban areas and existing ones under rapid expansion so as to reduce the environmental related impacts.
This study determines the effect of risk administration and prevention on a performance of organization programs. This research intends to explore the Risk retention and the precautionary measures on Rwanda Social Enterprise EYES Rwanda performance. The research based on risk management enterprise theory, network theory and resource based theory. The research used the descriptive design, and the subject population consisted of his 60 employees of a social enterprise called EYES Rwanda. The researcher used a census of 60 respondents. Questionnaires and documents are used to collect data for this survey. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS software (version 23.0); both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in this study. The results in Table 4.10 suggest that Risk transfer is positively related to the performance of road construction projects. We cannot conclude that this variable affects the dependent variable because (B=0.266, p0.05; p=0.228); There is a positive association between Risk prevention and performance of HOPE International projects, although the results are not statistically significant because (B= -0.260, p0.05; p=0.398); and Risk retention is positively correlated with the performance of HOPE International projects and we can conclude that this variable influences the dependent variable since (B=-0.347, p<0.5; p=0.000). The study recommends that the management of the projects must ensure that risk management practices are combined in project implementation from the beginning of the project and throughout the implementation, and that the project management team should allocate adequate financial resources for risk management, capacity building, insurance and safeguards to better Risk prevention. Keywords: Risk management, Strategies, Project performance, Youth empowerment
In recent times, most of the urban centres in Nigeria are currently experiencing housing challenges, which include unaffordable housing conditions, which are considered significant determinants of housing quality. It is, therefore, important to note that the attendant impact of urbanization are socio-economic and spatial consequences, which is, therefore, a major concern to professionals, policymakers and analysts, most importantly as it affects housing sources and residential quality disparity. This research is, therefore, aimed at identifying sources and the residential quality disparity between public and private housing estates in Lagos, to achieve that, the researcher identified the property features in the study areas, identified the property management strategies practiced within the subject estates which enables the researcher to suggest ways to improve housing quality in the study areas. The researcher adopted the use of primary data to elicit information from the respondents who were simple randomly selected from the estates under study. The research concludes that the sampled estates reveal a significant source of environmental Inequality; it is, therefore, incumbent that the public housing estate is upgraded by the government to make it more aesthetically pleasing and more habitable.
There is no doubt that Nigeria has been bedeviled by dearth of basic amenities orchestrated by decaying infrastructure. This apparently predisposes the citizens to vulnerability of any disease outbreak as seen in the Covid-19 pandemic. Most recently, Nigeria has been facing twin challenges of economic deterioration and management of the COVID-19 pandemic. The attendant consequences have been mass poverty, unemployment, hunger, loss of human lives and foreign investors and more due to infrastructural deficit. Therefore, this paper is set to examine Infrastructural deficits and challenges of managing Covid-19 pandemic n Nigeria: Rethinking State-building as a Panacea. The paper posits that inability of the Nigeria’s government to effectively contain the Covid-19 pandemic is not unconnected to infrastructural deficit inherent in Nigeria. This is also linked to many years of alleged mismanagement of state resources, embezzlement, money laundering and total neglect of basic amenities in the areas of health facilities, education, and power amongst others. The paper adopted documentary method and used descriptive analysis of secondary sources of data while relying on the complex systems theory as its theoretical compass. The study uncovered that infrastructural deficit has undermined development in Nigeria and tend to have made the management of Covid -!9 very complex. The inability of the government to manage Covid-19 is not divorced from the lack of capacities of the institutions to function. The paper therefore recommended that the government should consciously embark on state reforms and develop the basic sectors including healthcare, education, housing and transportation as a mechanism for achieving meaningful development to overcome the complex problems associated with Covid-19 pandemic.
This study aims to identify and analyze (1) the use of information technology at the Konawe Islands District Personnel and HR Development Agency; (2) Information technology development at the Konawe Islands Regency Personnel and HR Development Agency; and (3) Obstacles to information technology at the Konawe Islands Regency Personnel and HR Development Agency. The analysis tool used is the Analysis Interactive Model from Miles and Huberman, which divides the steps in data analysis activities into several parts, namely data collection, data reduction, data display, and data withdrawal. Conclusions or verification (conclusions). Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that (1) the utilization of information technology in the Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency of the Konawe Islands Regency as measured by hardware, software, data, procedures, and people are good; (2) The development of information technology in the Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency of the Konawe Islands Regency is getting better provided by the central BKN; (3) Obstacles to information technology in the Personnel and HR Development Agency of the Konawe Islands Regency, namely the lack of internet access.
Nanotechnology enables targeted drug delivery using nanoparticles, enhancing the efficacy and reducing side effects of pharmaceuticals. importantly, it improves the encapsulation and delivery of nutraceuticals. Integrating nanotechnology with vitamins offers precise therapeutic delivery and advancements in tailored medication, diagnostics, and regenerative therapies. This combination is revolutionizing modern medicine for personalized and effective treatments. This is a narrative review based on a literature search from online databases, collecting information from previously published articles. It discusses various nanotechnology approaches for vitamin delivery. One method is the encapsulation of vitamins within nanoparticles, such as nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), which enhance solubility, stability, and bioavailability. Liposomes and nanovesicles, composed of phospholipids, can also be utilized, allowing targeted distribution and controlled release. Polymeric nanocarriers, including lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs), offer improved stability and loading efficiency. Nano-emulsions, consisting of microscopic droplets, enhance vitamin solubility and bioavailability. Finally, nanogels provide a controlled release of vitamins, making them suitable for transdermal delivery. The review also state that nanotechnology-mediated vitamin delivery has promising therapeutic applications across various fields. In cancer treatment, nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems offer targeted therapy with reduced side effects and improved effectiveness. Active targeting using ligands and receptors allows precise delivery to cancer cells. In cardiovascular health, nanoparticles enable the systemic administration of medications, including anti-inflammatory nanocarriers for immunotherapy. Future perspectives in vitamin delivery include integrating imaging agents, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, and personalized medicine while combining nanotechnology with gene therapy and regenerative medicine will revolutionize disease management and improve patient outcomes.
A pond is a man-made or natural water body that is between 1 m2 and 20,000 m2 in area and holds water for at least four months of the year or all year around, depending on geographic location. Since the health issues associated with fish have become a threat to human life, A comparative analysis was carried out among fish ponds in Awka metropolis. The locations chosen were: Aroma fish pond, Kamu fish pond, Unizik fish pond, and Agu-Awka fish pond. The samples were diluted serially and cultured in the laboratory using Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and Nutrient Agar for the isolation of fungi and bacterial pathogens, respectively. The fungi isolated from the water samples include Aspergillus spp., Penicillum spp., and Rhizopus spp. Aspergillus spp. was the most prevalent in the four sample sites. The bacterial plate count ranges from 9.8 x 103 to 1.62 x 104 cfu/ml. The bacteria isolates were identified on the basis of their colonial and morphological features as the species Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Bacillus spp.,Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Escherichia coli was isolated from the four different samples. This analysis was done to determine the prevalence of fish diseases in fish farming. Fish diseases are one of the most important problems that severely affect the economic balance of aquaculture farmers as well as the consumption of fish by humans. The study suggests the need for periodic water quality control in fish ponds in order to ensure fish safety and prevent the transmission of potential pathogens to humans.
Artificial intelligence (AI) integration in digital marketing has changed how firms operate and communicate with clients. Examining its benefits, drawbacks, and customer perception, this research study intends to evaluate the extent to which AI is used into digital marketing in Oman's telecommunications industry. The study used a survey questionnaire approach, collecting quantitative and qualitative data from Omantel, Ooredoo, and Vodafone Oman, three significant telecom providers within Oman. The study's findings show that Oman's telecom industry highly recognizes and supports the use of artificial intelligence in digital marketing. The majority of respondents were in favor of utilizing AI to understand customer reactions and agreed that Customer Relationship Management (CRM) solutions driven by AI are essential for carrying out digital marketing activities. The industry acknowledges the advantages of AI in digital marketing, notably in its capacity to analyze enormous volumes of data and reduce costs, even though there is considerable skepticism regarding cost reduction. Despite the fact that a sizable part of customers is aware of the usage of AI in digital marketing strategies, some consumers are still uncertained or uninformed about its application. Initiatives aimed at promoting education and raising public awareness are advised in order to close this communication gap between companies and their customers. Companies in the telecommunications sector may leverage the potential of AI to optimize their digital marketing efforts and spur corporate growth by analyzing customer perception and tackling obstacles related to it. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Digital Marketing, Oman Telecommunication
Introduction The situation of childhood cancers is alarming in sub-Saharan countries where the cure rate does not exceed 15 to 20%, due to insufficient means of diagnosis, delay in treatment and especially the absence of protocols. appropriate chemotherapy. This is due to the inadequacy of the means of diagnosis, the delay in treatment and above all the absence of suitable chemotherapy protocols. The delay in diagnosis is based on a complex chain of factors and events complicated by the difficulties. Early diagnosis is a fundamental objective in oncology. Patients and methods This is a prospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted for 6 months in 2021 on a sample of 120 community health workers. Data collection was carried out using a previously tested structured questionnaire. Result We interviewed 120 health workers and noted that 36.67% were general practitioners, 29.17% nurses, 5.83% paediatricians, 10.8% midwives and 17.5% other specialties. According to them, the first signs of cancer are adenopathy (90.8%), abdominal mass (89.2%), hepatosplenomegaly (75.8%) and 75.8% declare that there is a predisposition to childhood cancer. Faced with an abdominal mass, 51.6% requested an abdominal ultrasound. 92.5% of agents thought that care depended on early diagnosis. CONCLUSION Lack of knowledge of the early signs of cancer leads to a delay in diagnosis. It is necessary to develop strategies based on information, education and training of medical and paramedical personnel in order to reduce the long delay in consultation and therefore in diagnosis.
Eugene Jasmin Joecen Agcaoili, Erica T. Balguna, Denver Mark E. Cruz, Jessa Mae B. Marzan, Renier C. Pasion, Desiree L. Peralta, James Ryan S. Peralta, Jenny G. Ramil, Co-A: Dr. Mathew P. Langbis, Dr. Madelyn P. Estrada, Dr. Cassandra B. Paraggua, Prof.
This study determined the life experiences encountered by married women in terms of domestic violence in Ilocos Norte regarding the issues of being abused. This study utilized a qualitative researc. Purposive sampling was used as a sampling method to look for in-depth knowledge and detailed information from the chosen six (6) participants to know and assess their experiences h design through interviews, specifically, phenomenological, wherein it sought to understand and describe the universal essence of phenomena and investigate the experience of domestic violence by married women in Ilocos Norte. Findings show that the married women experienced three types of violence: physical assault, emotional distress, and financial deprivation. In addition, results showed that seeking assistance from others, distancing oneself from harm, condoning family intact, and disregarding traumatic experiences are their coping mechanisms that enable them and their families to function in everyday life. And lastly, initiating communication and remorselessness are the ways in which their partner reconciles with them. This study concluded that married women who are victims of domestic violence experienced various types of violence. However, despite the burden that they experienced, they were able to cope. Moreover, most of the partners of the participants did nothing and asked for money to reconcile with their wives after the commission of domestic violence, so it can be concluded that there is a need to develop an action plan in order to overcome the abuse that the married women experienced. A plan that can help them cope with the trauma they faced and help them heal from their past experiences physically, mentally, and financially. Based on the findings, it is therefore recommended that 1) The Department of Social Welfare and Development may create a health care unit inclusive only of victims of domestic violence that can cater to physical and psychological treatment and may coordinate with the Technical Educational Skill Development Authority to train and enhance the skills of those victims of violence in order for them to generate additional streams of income. 2) The non-governmental organization may organize a group wherein women can share their experiences, stories, to inspire and motivate their fellow victims. 3) The Department of Social Welfare and Development, and counselors may provide more choices, such as which welfare programs they may continue with, and methods to ensure that women and their children are safeguarded when they do decide to leave an abusive home. 4) All concerned agencies of the government may adopt the action plan created by the researchers of this study to bring significant changes to the lives of the victims of violence and to have a domestic violence-free country. Key words: Domestic Violence, Married Women, Battered Women, Phenomenological, Abusive Relationship, Phenomenological Study, Physical Assault, Emotional Distress, Financial Deprivation, Violence Against Women
The main objective of this study was to assess the employee teamwork and the performance of construction projects in Rwanda. The study was carried out on the Construction of the Road Base-Kidaho implementing by the Nyarutarama Property Developers (NPD Ltd as case study. The research findings would contribute to the body of knowledge on teamwork and how it influences performance in Rwandan building projects. The following goals were pursued in this study: To assess how the team goals affect the Base-Kidaho Road project's performance, to ascertain how much team leadership affects Base-Kidaho Road project's performance, and to ascertain how team communication affects Base-Kidaho Road project performance. 147 employees who were working on the aforementioned project were included in the study's population, which employed a descriptive research methodology. The sample size was determined using the Slovin's Formula, and it ended up being 107 respondents. The researcher combined primary and secondary data for this study. A closed-ended questionnaire was used in the research. Descriptive research methods and correlation analysis were used to assess the data and outcomes as they pertained to the entire population, while multiple regression was utilised to test hypotheses. With the help of statistical product and service solution 27.0, data were calculated and evaluated for this study. Project documents that were easily accessible at Nyarutarama Property Developpers Ltd. and other locations served as a source of secondary data. The results revealed a positive and significant relationship between Team Goals and project performance because the calculated Pearson correlation and significance level between Team Goals and scope is positive and significant (r=0.717 and sig=0.000.01), with cost is positive and significant (r=0.712 and sig=0.000.01), and with time is positive and significant (r= 0.683 and sig=0.000.01). When all other variables were held constant, Team Goals enhanced the performance of the BKR project by 28.7%, according to the results of the multiple regression analysis. The calculated Pearson correlation and significance level between Team Leadership and scope are positive and significant (r=0.696 and sig=0.000.01), with cost being positive and significant (r=0.647 and sig=0.000.01), and with time being positive and significant (r=0.626 and sig=0.000.01). These results show a positive and significant relationship between Team Leadership and project performances. The findings of the multiple regression analysis revealed that, when all other variables are held constant, team leadership enhances the performance of the BKR project by 41.4%. The findings that there is a positive and significant relationship between Team communication and project performances are supported by the Pearson correlation and significance level calculations, which show that there is a positive and significant relationship between Team communication and scope (r=0.705 and sig=0.000.01), cost (r=0.650 and sig=0.000.01), and time (r=0.644 and sig=0.000.01). When all other factors remained constant, the findings of the multiple regression analysis revealed that team communication increased the performance of the BKR project by 32.1%. Based on the findings from the chapter, the study came to the conclusion that there is an important and beneficial relationship between employee teamwork and the success of the BKR project, with 73.3% of the variation in project success attributable to changes in employee teamwork as measured by team goals, team leadership, and team communication. Therefore, all null hypotheses were disproved at a significance level of 0.5. According to the study, BKR projects should expedite the approval process because it was discovered to result in delays in project implementation, which may make it more challenging for the project to be finished on schedule
This research aimed to examine the influence of papain enzyme in functional enzyme feed (PFE) at optimal dose for the highest intestinal his-tological conditions and growth rate of silver pompano (Trachinotus blochii) di Floating Net Cage, Pangandaran Regency. This research was conducted from September 2022 to December 2022 with 60-day raising period. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with five treatments and 3 repetitions. The treatments were A (PFE with 5% papain enzyme content), B (PFE with 3.75% papain enzyme con-tent), C (PFE with artificial feed with 2.5% papain enzyme content in PFE), D (artificial feed with 1.25% papain enzyme content in PFE), and E (control). The effects of each treatment were tested using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) F test at test interval 5%, and in case of significant difference this would be followed with Duncan’s multiple range test. The parameters observed in this research were intestinal histological conditions (Length of villi (µm), Base Width of Villi (µm), Apical Width of Villi (µm) and Surface Size (µm2)) and Daily Growth Rate (LPH) of the fish. The intestinal histological conditions were: Length of Villi 588.2 µm, Base Width of Villi 220.2 µm, Apical Width of Villi 90.7 µm, and Sur-face Size 2049.9 µm2, while the highest growth parameters in this research were with treatment A (PFE with 5% papain enzyme content) with LPH 3.25±0.112%.
ABSTRCT The family is generally accepted as that small unit of a community which is also a significant part of the society. Everyone in a community represents a product of their family expectedly to contribute to the wellness of their community through values developed in their families. Contemporary societies globally, including Africa is faced with issues of moral decadence due to loss of family values and eroding community virtues which are essential for sustenance of collective wellness. This paper examined family values as panacea for building community wellness in Africa. Using a exploratory approach to gather secondary data, it clarified the key terms including family values, community wellness and building of panacea. The paper also described the significance of the family to community wellness in Africa, highlighted some family values necessary for community wellness, enumerated some marks of community wellness and discussed building values in family members for community wellness. Some family values identified as necessary for community wellness include; love, respect, tolerance, courage, honesty, and hard work. The study therefore discussed developing family values as a necessity for building community wellbeing. Marks of community wellness include physical, social, and cultural elements which are healthy environment, good interpersonal relationships and good character. To build family values for community wellness, parents are to model good character, share personal experiences of their growth and biblical principles of life and wellness. Key words: Building, Family Values, Community Wellness, Panacea, Society
The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze teacher performance strategies at public high schools in Kendari City. There were 22 key informants in this study, namely those who knew and had various basic information needed in the research. The data analysis method used is adapted to the research objectives, namely to describe and analyze a phenomenon by describing the research focus related to the problem under study. This study uses a descriptive qualitative analysis method. The results of the study stated that: (1) The vision and mission of the Kendari city high school underwent two improvements because the Kendari city high school was appointed by the Education Office as a school with RSBI status; (2) The teacher's performance within the scope of pedagogical competence has been carried out well by the teacher. The teacher's performance within the scope of professional competence has been carried out well but still needs to be improved.
The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze: (1) The influence of transformational leadership on the job satisfaction of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) at the Kendari City Social Service (2) The effect of communication on the job satisfaction of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) at the Kendari CitySocial Service. (3) The influence of motivation on job satisfaction of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) at the Kendari City Social Service The results showed that: (1) Transformational leadership has a significant positive effect on job satisfaction of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) at the Kendari City Social Service. (2) Communication has a significant positive effect on job satisfaction of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) at the Kendari City Social Service. (3) Motivation has a significant positive effect on job satisfaction of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) at the Kendari City Social Service.
Juniardi Nur Fadila, M.T, Fresy Nugroho, M. T, Muhammad Fani Dwi Setiawan, Mohammad Nasyikh Al-Qusyairy, Muhammad Haris Fahrul Rozzy, Iqlima Rahmafitri Karindah
—This study investigates the utilization of the Unwrapping Smart UV Project technique in Blender to create a 3D Islamic animation titled "Don't Stay Up All Night." Accurate UV mapping is crucial in achieving visually captivating 3D animations, particularly when conveying moral and religious messages. The research focuses on selecting a suitable 3D model and implementing the Unwrapping Smart UV Project method for precise UV mapping. Texture adjustments and meticulous UV modifications are employed to enhance realism. The 3D model is then animated in Blender, incorporating the UV mapping. The results demonstrate the successful portrayal of moral and religious values in the "Don't Stay Up All Night" animation. This study exemplifies the effectiveness of the Unwrapping Smart UV Project technique in producing impactful Islamic 3D animations, contributing to the advancement of the animation industry Keywords—3D Animation, Islamic, Blender, UV Mapping
This study examined the self-care practices of secondary school teachers and stress management in the Municipality of Lambayong. It employed descriptive-correlational design among sixty-three teachers. Mean and Pearson – moment correlation coefficients were employed to test the hypothesis. On the extent of self-care practices of teachers in terms of physical, psychological, emotional, relational, spiritual, and workplace/professional it was “Observed toae moderate extent”. More so, on the level of stress management in terms of task-based, and conflict mediating it was revealed as “observed to a moderate extent” while role-based and boundary spanning and was revealed as “Observed to a lesser extent”. Interestingly, it was found that there was a “positive relationship” between self-care practices and stress management except in the workplace which revealed no significant relationship. Keywords: Self-care practices, Secondary school teachers, Stress management
To address the demands for skilled labor in the twenty-first-century workplace, as well as to generate person with marketable talents for employment and self-sufficiency. This study assessed Technical Vocational and Livelihood industry partners’ appraisal feedback and senior high school students’ performance. Descriptive-correlational design was used. Mean and Pearson-moment correlation coefficient was employed. It was conducted among sixty-one Senior High School students in the Municipality of Lambayong. On the extent of Technical Vocational and Livelihood appraisal feedback in terms of curriculum implementation and compliance, work immersion delivery process, assessment of learners’ progress, supervision of work immersion implementation, and administrative concern it was “Evident but inadequate”. On the level of performance of senior high school students in terms of personal characteristics, social growth, and professional growth it was “Evident but inadequate”. Interestingly it was found that there is “positive relationship” between Technical Vocational and Livelihood Appraisal Feedback and the Performance of Senior High School Students except in the administrative concern. Keywords: Technical Vocational Livelihood, Appraisal Feedback, Senior High School Students
SUMMARY Introduction: Hepatitis B is a major public health problem in highly endemic countries such as Burkina Faso. Occult hepatitis B is defined by the presence of viral DNA in the absence of HBs antigen. At the Centre national de transfusion sanguine (C N T S) in Ouagadougou, HBsAg is the only marker sought to discriminate between blood donors for HBV infection. This practice exposes donors to the risk of HBV transmission. The aim of this study was to estimate this risk by determining the prevalence of occult hepatitis B (positive HBcAb) in blood donors at the Ouagadougou CNTS. Patients and methods: A prospective study was carried out over two months of blood donation collection. Total HBc antibody was tested in the serum of HBsAg-negative donors. If AcHBc positive, DNA by real-time PCR and anti-HBs antibody were requested. An outpatient consultation was carried out after informed consent had been obtained from DNA-positive patients. Results: Our sample included 987 HBsAg-negative donors, of whom 430 were HBc antibody positive (43.5%). 79 of the 430 donors were received for the study and 37 either (46.83%) were able to perform DNA testing. Thirteen out of 37 had detectable DNA (35.13%). DNA levels ranged from [2.23-73672] IU/ml with a mean of 953 IU/ml. Transaminases were normal. Liver fibrosis was not assessed. One case of occult HIV/HBV co-infection was noted. Conclusion: A high prevalence of occult B infection among blood donors (35.13%) at the Ouagadougou CNTS. Excluding only HBsAg-negative donors from blood donation represents a major risk of HBV transmission during blood transfusions. Excluding HBsAg-positive and/or anti-HBcAb-positive donors will greatly reduce this risk of transfusion transmission. Key words: HBV, occult hepatitis B, DNA, anti-HBc, blood donors.
Summary : Introduction/objective: Strokes are a major public health problem. Frequent pathology, the morbidity and mortality of strokes is heavy and this is more accentuated in chronic hemodialysis patients. The objective of the present was to study the clinical and paraclinical profile of stroke in the hemodialysis unit. Materials and methods: We report five cases of stroke in chronic hemodialysis patients, a descriptive retrospective study taking place in the hemodialysis unit of the CHU point G. It took place from February 2014 to April 2015. Data collection was done on medical records. Assessments: NFS, creatinine, urea, uric acid, calcium, phosphoremia, vitamin D, PTH, lipid balance, alkaline reserve, alkaline phosphatase, ECBU, 24-hour proteinuria, blood and urinary ionogram, HIV serology, abdominal and pelvic ultrasound , Echodoppler of large trunks, ECG, X-ray of the chest of the face, echo-heart, fundus and cerebral scanner. The Glasgow score score allowed us to assess the state of consciousness of the patients. Results: Five women whose age was between 43 and 68 years old, with a history of hypertension. The clinical picture was dominated by chronic renal failure classified as end-stage according to MDRD, hemorrhagic stroke in 4 patients and ischemic stroke in one patient. All the patients were on chronic hemodialysis with a very high mortality (n=4) of 80%. Conclusion: The seriousness of stroke lies in their high mortality and in the reduction of functional autonomy of survivors. Hence the importance of proper management of hypertension in general and in particular in patients on chronic hemodialysis as well as cardiovascular complications. Keywords: stroke, chronic hemodialysis, G-spot university hospital Bamako, Mali
Employees in all organizations go through many variables in the functional work environment, and those changes, regardless of their type and duration, have effects on the performance of employees and thus affect the performance of the organization and the level of production in general. This study, entitled “The Impact of Employees Rotation Among Bank Muscat Branches on Employees' Overall Performance: Case of Oman”, is based on measuring and evaluating the effects of employee rotation between Bank Muscat branches. The descriptive exploratory method was used to collect the necessary information for the study through a questionnaire that was distributed to a non-probability sample of bank employees, after which the researcher analyzed the obtained data. The results of the study showed that there is a direct effect of employee rotation on the overall performance of employees at Bank Muscat and that employee rotation has many benefits for employees and for the bank. Employee rotation improves the performance of the employee in general, and employee rotation helps employees develop their functional and personal skills and increase experience. In addition, employee rotation has more positive effects on employees than negative effects if it is implemented according to a well-articulated plan. Keywords: Bank Muscat; employee rotation; employees' performance; employees' rotation and performance
The paper examined effect of loan recovery techniques on financial performance of Umurenge Saving and Credit Cooperatives. Specifically, it identified effect of fines techniques, adverse credit listing techniques, and loan limit reduction techniques on financial performance of Umurenge Saving and Credit Cooperatives in Gasabo District. A descriptive study was used and the target population was 152 employees and sampled 111 employees using purposive and simple random sampling techniques. Primary data was obtained through questionnaire survey and interview guide. Primary data was used to collect data by administration questionnaires to the respondents while secondary data was collected through reviewing documents. Results show that 36.1% strongly agree that fines and defaulting rate applied, 28.7 accepted loan payment plans, loan granting policy where 29.6% strongly agreed. The univariate analysis revealed that when fines techniques is hold constant financial performance is 2.788.Unit of fines techniques will stimulate a change of financial performance by a unit of 0.42 with a p-value of 0.484. Data on advert credit listing asserted that 50.3 agreed, 26.9% agree with risk identification process, 34.9% agreed with information symmetry while 29.6 agreed with efficient lending. It denotes that risk identification information symmetry and efficient lending, and loan target did not affect financial performance (B=0.100, p-value=0.101). The study indicated that 44.1% accepted that loan reduction policy, 39.3% indicated that credit management process was effective, 37.3% confirmed the use of risk credit seekers and 33.4% with customer credit scoring. Unit of loan reduction limit techniques will enhance financial performance at 0.59 with p-value of 0.263.The researcher concluded that loan recovery techniques contribute to financial performance. The study recommends to enhanced resource mobilization through direct and indirect funds, commendable strategies regarding exculpation from loan repayment and interest should be established. Clients need should be taught how to make the most of their borrowed funds. More research is needed to determine whether Umurenge SACCOs have assisted their clients in improving their businesses. Keywords: Financial performance, Loan, Loan recovery, SACCO.
The general objective of this study was to examine the influence of English Language proficiency factors on students’ academic performance in History subject in Kayonza District, Rwanda. The specific objectives were to determine the level of student academic performance in history, the influence of teacher training in English, the influence of teaching and learning materials in English, and the influence of teachers’ and students’ attitude towards learning of English on performance of History in secondary schools in Kayonza District. This study is useful to all stakeholders in education sector such as public institutions, decision makers, district authorities, head teachers, teachers, learners and scholars. The researcher applied a descriptive correlational study, targeting 900 students, 100 teachers and 50 head-teachers. This study selected respondents and key informants purposively and randomly. A study sample of 290 respondents were obtained by use of Sloven’s formula. Information was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version 21.0 to generate descriptive statistics in terms of frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Inferential statistics were produced in terms of correlation and regression coefficient for determining size effect between variables. Results show that 100.0% with a mean response of 4.33 and standard deviation of 0.834 strongly agreed that scores in examination was assessed by their competencies in speaking, reading and writing English language, 71.4% with a mean response of 4.27 and standard deviation of 0.852 strongly agreed that English had a positive influence on score obtained in exams. However, 64.3% with a mean response of 4.62 and standard deviation of 0.824 strongly agreed that the system used for understanding English stimulate the performance in history subject. It was demonstrated that there was a weak positive relationship (r=.194, p=.064) between teacher training and the performance of History Subject in secondary schools. It was concluded that teacher training does not have a significant effect on the performance of History subject in secondary schools. Teachers’ results on the relationship between the presence of teaching and learning materials and the students’ performance in History. The table indicated the there was a very weak positive relationship (r=.048, p=.649) between availability of teaching and learning materials. This relationship was however insignificant at p<.05 level of significance. The analysis confirmed that there was a very weak insignificant relationship (r=.088, p=.402) between teachers attitude and the on the performance of History in secondary schools in Kayonza District, Rwanda. The relationship between student’s attitudes towards learning of English and on the performance of History in secondary schools. In conclusion, English proficiency factors had contributed to the performance of students in history. Therefore, the study recommends that the Ministry of education should provide enough funds to improve English proficiency deemed to enhance the level of English proficiency, undertake trainings, seminar and capacity development program to encourage knowledge and improving English proficiency factors the level of understanding English. Head teachers shall monitor teachers for being sure that effectiveness for English proficiency. Teachers should try to produce direct support. Further studies should be done on effectiveness and suitability of those English proficiency used in teaching history. There is a need to carry out a research on effectiveness of English proficiency in enhance students’ learning outcomes in history subjects. Keywords: English Language, Proficiency, Factors, Students, Academic Performance, History Subject, Secondary Schools
Ibrahim Ahmad Aliyu*, Kamaluddeen Aliyu*, Garba Adamu*, Muhammad Alhaji Kurara* and Sadiq Mohammed Adamu Department of Forestry Technology, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi* Government Girls’s Day Secondary School, Tudun Salmanu Bauchi State.
This research work is on residents’ perception on Yankari Game Reserve; implication for tourism development. The explanatory data employed to analyze tourism is all about and its implication on the host communities. The research hypotheses are tested using Chi-square where the relationship between Yankari game reserve and its host communities, economic impacts of Yankari game reserve on its host communities and implication of tourism towards development. The first hypothesis was to examine if there is economic impact of Yankari game reserve on the host communities or not. Result shows that, out of the total occupation, the proportion of farmers is higher because they have participated more than any occupation which account for 94 or 32.7%, followed by artisans which have the proportion of 83 or 28.9%. The next are the Students which accounts for 75 or 26%, and lastly the civil servants with the proportion of 34 or 11.7%. This explains the typical nature of the rural environment. The occupational distribution indicates that respondents invest their income in the provision of social services which attract more tourist to the area, the provision of this social service create additional income to the game reserve and the residents. This shows that there is economic impact of the game reserve on the host community. Therefore, the hypothesis that there is economic impact of Yankari game reserve on the host communities in Bauchi state has been proved. The second hypothesis was to examine against the background of the relationship between the host communities and Yankari game reserve. The following are some of the environmental impacts of developed tourism sites: Hunting and fishing have obvious impacts on wildlife environment, Sand dunes were damaged and eroded by over - use. Improper disposal or litters from these sites also detract the aesthetic quality of the environment and harm wildlife, workers destroys vegetation, pollution from environmental waste and vehicles emissions. The third hypothesis tries to show if there is any implication of tourism towards development or not. We found that the demand by tourists to the Yankari National Park implies spending some money with the local community; airport workers, farmers, fishermen, hoteliers, caterers, taxi drivers, horticulturist, etc, who in turn spend on their healthcare, housing, child education, food security and more. This has reduced the locals’ dependence on indiscriminate harvesting of the ecosystem and wildlife for livelihood.
This study examined National Detergents Oman's CSR and productivity. Quantitative data analysis and qualitative interviews examined CSR's effects, types, implementation variables, and measures to improve CSR practices. Data was collected from a sample size of 198 respondents. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square testing, correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA, factor analysis, and regression. Key discoveries emerged. First, CSR activities were associated with increased employee productivity. CSR agreement, implementation, and effectiveness differed across employee categories, revealing different firm viewpoints on CSR. Factor study revealed CSR components (agreement, implementation, and effectiveness) and organizational productivity satisfaction. Regression study showed that CSR agreement and implementation greatly increased employee satisfaction with organizational productivity, although CSR effectiveness did not. The report recommended improving employee engagement and CSR communication, customizing CSR activities for different employee groups, improving CSR implementation and effectiveness, creating a happy work environment, and conducting longitudinal research with more data. Future research should examine CSR's long-term effects on organizational productivity, its industry-specific effects, and its cross-cultural effects to account for cultural differences.
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