Peer-reviewed international research papers published open-access with EOI assignment and global indexing across engineering, computer science, environmental science, social sciences, and more.
This study explored the lived experiences of retired police officers as they transitioned from active police service to civilian life. The study employed a qualitative phenomenological design using the Photovoice method. It was conducted in Misamis Oriental, Northern Mindanao, Philippines, involving six temporarily selected retired Police Non-Commissioned Officers (PNCOs) who retired between 2020 and 2024, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through participant-generated photographs and semi-structured interviews guided by the SHOWED framework. The findings revealed five themes: identity transition from police service to civilian life; personal strategies for adaptation after retirement; social and environmental support systems facilitating reintegration; continuity of police identity through symbolic objects and memories; and redefining purpose through post-retirement roles and activities. The results indicate that successful reintegration involves identity adjustment, meaningful activities, supportive relationships, and the preservation of professional values. Civilian reintegration among retired police officers is a dynamic process of identity reconstruction, social support, and purposeful engagement in civilian life. The need for structured retirement transition programs and community support initiatives may help police retirees adapt successfully beyond the badge.
Keywords: civilian reintegration, identity transition, police retirement, photovoice, retired police officers
This study explored the lived experiences of retired police officers as they transitioned from active police service to civilian life. The study employed a qualitative phenomenological design using the Photovoice method. It was conducted in Misamis Oriental, Northern Mindanao, Philippines, involving six temporarily selected retired Police Non-Commissioned Officers (PNCOs) who retired between 2020 and 2024, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through participant-generated photographs and semi-structured interviews guided by the SHOWED framework. The findings revealed five themes: identity transition from police service to civilian life; personal strategies for adaptation after retirement; social and environmental support systems facilitating reintegration; continuity of police identity through symbolic objects and memories; and redefining purpose through post-retirement roles and activities. The results indicate that successful reintegration involves identity adjustment, meaningful activities, supportive relationships, and the preservation of professional values. Civilian reintegration among retired police officers is a dynamic process of identity reconstruction, social support, and purposeful engagement in civilian life. The need for structured retirement transition programs and community support initiatives may help police retirees adapt successfully beyond the badge.
Keywords: civilian reintegration, identity transition, police retirement, photovoice, retired police officers
Banking is an enigma and financial inclusion remains the rumbuctious process in India. However, Indian banking system has been active in India since 1934 when our first 'peoples plan 'was launched under the premier ship of Sir Vishveshvaraya and other business tycoons coming under the umbrella and gave a heft to Indian economy that had been reeling under duress for over centuries under the mercantile policies of the Britishers. Indian economy gain recognition and created a flutter only in 1990s when it's open its gates to the international arena through its policy of Liberalisation, Privatization and Globalisation under the economist Dr. Manmohan Singh who was equally responsible for look east policy initiatives that opened the avenues in the south east.
In this article, my main objective is to reflect the evolving nature, scope and development of banking system and financial inclusion that has reached to its eminence today with the estimated data of over 4.5 crore accounts opened over the last decade.
Reintegration into society remains a significant challenge for formerly incarcerated individuals, particularly due to the persistence of social stigma. This study explored the lived experiences of formerly incarcerated individuals in Marawi City, Philippines, focusing on the social stigma they encounter during their reintegration into society. A qualitative approach using a transcendental phenomenological research design was employed. Eight formerly incarcerated individuals were selected through purposive and snowball sampling. Data were gathered through in-depth, face-to-face semi-structured interviews, supported by field notes and observations. For data analysis, Moustakas’ transcendental phenomenological method was utilized. The study revealed six themes: embodied stigma after release, family as anchor amid social stigma after prison, struggling to belong while navigating stigma and social reentry after prison, redefining family, community, and self after release, restricted lives within judgmental worlds, and resilience and self-redemption after incarceration. The findings indicate that stigma significantly influences the social relationships, opportunities, and community participation of formerly incarcerated individuals. Despite these challenges, family support, personal determination, and the desire to rebuild their lives enable them to move toward meaningful reintegration.
Keywords: formerly incarcerated individuals, reintegration, resilience, social stigma
This study examines the adoption and sustainability of e-commerce among retail micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) selling consumer dry goods in Bontoc, Mountain Province, Philippines. Using a phenomenological qualitative design, the study explores the lived experiences of seventeen rural entrepreneurs to identify key challenges and adaptive practices. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis.
Findings reveal that rural MSMEs face interconnected structural constraints, with logistics and delivery limitations emerging as the most critical barrier. Additional challenges include operational inefficiencies, limited working capital, insufficient government support, and low digital literacy. These factors collectively hinder scalability and service reliability.
Despite these barriers, entrepreneurs demonstrate adaptability through low-cost and practical strategies, including social media-based commerce, consistent customer engagement, and manual operational systems. These practices enable business continuity and trust-building in resource-constrained environments.
Based on these findings, the study proposes a Sustainable E-Commerce Enhancement Framework, integrating logistics optimization, financial support, digital capability, market engagement, and trust mechanisms. The study contributes localized insights and offers a replicable model for rural e-commerce development in emerging economies.
This study investigates the effects of operating conditions on hydrogen gas generation from waste Nigerian Bamboo experimentally investigated using a laboratory scale fixed bed steam gasification reactor. Steam gasification of lignocellulosic biomass has emerged as a promising route for sustainable hydrogen production. Bamboo residues sourced from different locations in Nigeria were prepared, characterized, and gasified under controlled conditions. The influence of key operating parameters, including temperature (430, 450, 470, 490, 510oC), steam-to-biomass ratio (0.6 – 3.0), and biomass dosage (5, 10, 20), on syngas composition and hydrogen yield was systematically examined. Gasification experiments were conducted over a range of temperatures and steam-to-biomass flow rate to evaluate their impact on hydrogen formation. The produced syngas was collected and analyzed using gas chromatography to determine the concentrations of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, and other light gases. The results showed that hydrogen yield increased to 35.68 v% with increasing gasification temperature of 510oC due to enhanced steam reforming and water-gas shift reactions. Similarly, increasing the steam-to-biomass ratio prompted hydrogen production up to 35.25 vo.% value, beyond which hydrogen concentration declined as a result of gas dilution effects. Biomass dosage was also observed to influence conversion efficiency, with lower feedstock loading favouring higher hydrogen selectivity due to improved heat and mass transfer within the fixed-bed reactor.
Keywords
Steam gasification; Hydrogen production; Operating conditions; Cross-draft gasifier; Waste Nigerian Bamboo; Syngas composition.
Reintegration into society remains a significant challenge for formerly incarcerated individuals, particularly due to the persistence of social stigma. This study explored the lived experiences of formerly incarcerated individuals in Marawi City, Philippines, focusing on the social stigma they encounter during their reintegration into society. A qualitative approach using a transcendental phenomenological research design was employed. Eight formerly incarcerated individuals were selected through purposive and snowball sampling. Data were gathered through in-depth, face-to-face semi-structured interviews, supported by field notes and observations. For data analysis, Moustakas’ transcendental phenomenological method was utilized. The study revealed six themes: embodied stigma after release, family as anchor amid social stigma after prison, struggling to belong while navigating stigma and social reentry after prison, redefining family, community, and self after release, restricted lives within judgmental worlds, and resilience and self-redemption after incarceration. The findings indicate that stigma significantly influences the social relationships, opportunities, and community participation of formerly incarcerated individuals. Despite these challenges, family support, personal determination, and the desire to rebuild their lives enable them to move toward meaningful reintegration.
Keywords: formerly incarcerated individuals, reintegration, resilience, social stigma
Menopause is an important and normal developmental process in a woman’s life. It is marked by the permanent cessation of menstruation resulting from the loss of ovarian follicular activity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of health-education on the perception and quality of life of (QoL) of Menopausal Women in Ibadan, with the intention of knowing how health-education could impact menopausal women’s perception and quality of life positively. Quasi-experimental study design was used to explore and the study utilized three local governments and 130 questionnaires were retrieved out of 152 questionnaires administered. The findings showed that the level of knowledge of the participants was better at post-intervention (96.2%) than pre-intervention (93.8%). (20.8%) participants had negative perception at pre-intervention while it reduced to (9.2%) post-intervention. The quality of life percentage (38.5%) at pre-intervention increased to (66.9%) at post-intervention. In conclusion, participants performed better at post-intervention than at pre-intervention which implies that health-education given had positive impact on their knowledge perception and quality of life. It was recommended therefore that menopausal women be well informed through health-education to reduce the menace of menopausal syndrome and increase their coping system.
Menopause is an important and normal developmental process in a woman’s life. It is marked by the permanent cessation of menstruation resulting from the loss of ovarian follicular activity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of health-education on the perception and quality of life of (QoL) of Menopausal Women in Ibadan, with the intention of knowing how health-education could impact menopausal women’s perception and quality of life positively. Quasi-experimental study design was used to explore and the study utilized three local governments and 130 questionnaires were retrieved out of 152 questionnaires administered. The findings showed that the level of knowledge of the participants was better at post-intervention (96.2%) than pre-intervention (93.8%). (20.8%) participants had negative perception at pre-intervention while it reduced to (9.2%) post-intervention. The quality of life percentage (38.5%) at pre-intervention increased to (66.9%) at post-intervention. In conclusion, participants performed better at post-intervention than at pre-intervention which implies that health-education given had positive impact on their knowledge perception and quality of life. It was recommended therefore that menopausal women be well informed through health-education to reduce the menace of menopausal syndrome and increase their coping system.
Keywords: Health Education, Perception, Quality of Life, Menopause.
Cranes are mission-critical assets in construction, ports, and heavy logistics, where structural members are subjected to variable-amplitude loading, vibration, and harsh environmental conditions. Conventional inspection schedules may not detect early-stage fatigue damage, overload events, or progressive misalignment in time to prevent unsafe operation. This paper proposes an IoT-enabled smart monitoring system for cranes that integrates strain gauges, load cells, accelerometers, inclinometers, and environmental sensors to provide continuous structural health monitoring (SHM), anomaly detection, and predictive maintenance (PdM). The framework combines edge data acquisition and filtering with cloud analytics, machine learning-based fault classification and remaining useful life (RUL) estimation, and a digital twin that synchronizes physics-based models with sensor streams. A finite element analysis (FEA) workflow is described to link measured strain/stress to critical hot spots and to support structural decision-making. Finally, a Kuwait-focused operational scenario is included to address elevated temperature, dust exposure, and long duty cycles. The proposed approach improves safety, reduces unplanned downtime, and enables data-driven maintenance planning.
Keywords— Cranes, structural health monitoring, Internet of Things (IoT), strain gauges, load monitoring, predictive maintenance, machine learning, digital twin, finite element analysis.
This article examines gender-based violence (GBV) not as a collection of discrete criminal acts but as a coherent, socially organised system through which patriarchal authority over women's bodies, labour, mobility, and speech is established, maintained, and reproduced. Grounded in African feminist and decolonial theory — drawing principally on the scholarship of Tamale (2011), Mama (1996), Oyěwùmí (1997), Nnaemeka (1998), and Crenshaw (1991) — the article argues that GBV is the embodied architecture of women's subjugation: the material form through which the abstract hierarchies of gender inequality are inscribed upon women's bodies and made to feel natural, inevitable, and unresistable. The article contests any explanatory framework that locates the origins of GBV primarily within African culture or tradition, demonstrating instead that many of its contemporary forms are colonial inheritances — produced by the colonial transformation of masculinity, the destruction of women's political institutions, and the reorganisation of family and law along patriarchal lines. Drawing on empirical research from Uganda, Ghana, South Africa, and Nigeria, the article analyses the mechanisms through which violence silences women, disciplines their economic aspirations, restricts their spatial mobility, and forecloses their access to justice. The article concludes by affirming African women's long tradition of collective resistance and calling for anti-GBV frameworks grounded in African feminist epistemologies rather than imported human rights models that often fail to reach the women most at risk.
The rapid growth of smart home technologies has increased demand for energy-efficient automation systems that operate reliably under constrained power conditions. This study presents the design, fabrication, and evaluation of a low-power smart home power control system built on a hardware-focused architecture using the CD4060 and BC547. The system avoids dependence on microcontrollers and cloud-based frameworks and instead uses a simplified analog control approach to reduce energy use and improve reliability in areas with unstable power supplies. The design follows a modular structure that includes a regulated 12 V power unit, an oscillator and timer stage, a transistor driver, a relay switching unit, and a manual reset mechanism.
Performance evaluation used circuit prototyping, oscilloscope measurements, and load testing to assess stability, switching accuracy, response time, and efficiency. Results show that the timing circuit consumed about 6 mW, the LED indicator 90 mW, and each relay coil 1200 mW during operation. Overall system efficiency ranged from 85 percent to 90 percent, while oscillator frequency deviation stayed within ±1.2 percent of expected values. The system maintained stable timing intervals and achieved consistent switching across 100 cycles without failure. It handled common household loads such as 60 W lighting and 50 W fans effectively. A measured current draw of about 3.6 mA confirms suitability for low-power environments. The findings establish that hardware-based automation offers a reliable and cost-effective option for residential energy management.
This paper intended to describe the process of decommissioning of the former MILF. This focuses on the employment of a transformative approach in the strengthening of capabilities. Since decommissioning is a process, this paper also describes the successes and failures with highlights on the hindering and facilitating factors and what steps need to be done further. This employed the qualitative research design employing In-depth Interview as the main data gathering technique. This study found out that the former combatants were given benefits by virtue of the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro forged between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines. The Decommissioning Program granted financial, educational, psychological, socio-economic and livelihood benefits in exchange of their firearms. The main purpose was to enable them to reintegrate into the mainstream society and abandon the armed struggle completely. There were former combatants who availed of the benefits. Some were able to participate in TESDA trainings and were able to engage in livelihood activities. Their children were given chances to study under a scholarship program. However, there is still a big number who were not able to enjoy the benefits because accordingly, the financial support from the government has waned. Some have significantly improved living conditions and are now living peacefully with their families. Many have expressed unwillingness to go back to the hills should the peace process fail because they are now sickly and they have learned to let go of their arms.
Keywords: Former Combatants, Moro Islamic Liberation Front, Transformative Peacebuilding
Ma. Nickarry T. Cruz, Sofia Joy M. Papa, Hera G. De Los Martirez, Jasmine Kate M. Martinez, Lester V. Tatoy, Irish Ronalie S. Dingil, Veronica N. Puertollano
This study investigated the effect of teacher-given stamps as a form of positive reinforcement on daycare learners’ motivation
and task performance. Guided by B.F. Skinner’s operant conditioning theory, a quantitative pretest–posttest control group
design was employed at VASRA I Daycare Center during A.Y. 2025–2026. Data was collected using a Teacher Observation
Checklist and a Parent Perception Questionnaire. Results showed an increase in mean scores from pre-assessment to
post-assessment, with teacher observations improving from 2.71 to 3.86 and parent perceptions from 4.012 to 4.892. The
findings indicate that teacher-given stamps positively influenced learners’ motivation, engagement, and task performance.
The study concludes that simple, developmentally appropriate reinforcement strategies are effective in enhancing early
childhood learning outcomes.
This action research examined parents’ perceptions of the effectiveness of structured comfort routines in reducing separation anxiety among preschoolers during their first week of attendance at Sto. Niño Daycare Center. Specifically, it aimed to describe children’s coping behaviors, evaluate the perceived impact of comfort routines compared to usual care, and identify the most effective strategies used daycare teachers. The study employed a mixed-methods design involving twenty (20) parents of children aged 3–4 years, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a validated survey questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, and analyzed using weighted mean and thematic analysis. Findings revealed that separation anxiety symptoms were frequently observed (WM=1.9), while coping behaviors occurred at a moderate level (WM=2.46). Comfort routines were consistently implemented (WM=1.89), with comfort objects, structured goodbye rituals, and predictable schedules identified as the most effective strategies. Qualitative results further showed that children initially experienced distress, clinginess, and anxiety, but these were gradually reduced through reassurance, consistent routines, and positive reinforcement. The study concludes that structured comfort routines significantly support preschoolers’ emotional regulation and adjustment. It recommends the consistent integration of these routines in both home and school settings to create a secure, predictable, and supportive transition environment for young learners.
Layunin ng pag-aaral na ito na suriin ang mga karanasan ng mga gurong
nagsasanay (pre-service teachers) sa praktikum, partikular ang kanilang mga
hamon, estratehiya sa pagharap, at mga anyo ng suporta na kanilang
natanggap. Gumamit ng kwalitatibong disenyo at nakapanayam ang piling
mga kalahok mula sa programang BSED Filipino sa Misamis Oriental. Sa
pamamagitan ng tematikong pagsusuri, lumitaw na ang mga pangunahing
hamon ay ang pamamahala ng silid-aral, kakulangan sa oras, limitadong
kagamitan, pangangailangan sa masusing paghahanda, at kakulangan ng
kumpiyansa sa sarili. Gayunpaman, ipinakita ng mga kalahok ang matibay na
personal na ahensya sa pamamagitan ng disiplina, organisasyon sa oras,
malikhaing estratehiya sa pagtuturo, at matatag na pananampalataya.
Dagdag pa rito, mahalagang papel ang ginampanan ng suporta mula sa mga
mentor, kapwa guro, magulang, at kapwa interns na nagsilbing sandigan sa
kanilang pagharap sa hamon. Ang mga natuklasan ay sumasalamin sa
kahalagahan ng ugnayan ng personal na pagsusumikap at kolektibong
suporta sa pagbubuo ng kasanayan at propesyonalismo ng mga gurong
nagsasanay. Iminumungkahi ng pag-aaral na palakasin ng mga institusyon
ang mentoring programs at suportang istruktural, gayundin ang
pagpapalakas sa time management at adaptive strategies ng mga pre-service
teachers.
Cet article analyse le rôle du commerce international dans la diversification économique de la République Démocratique du Congo sur la période récente. L’étude combine une approche descriptive, basée sur l’évolution des exportations et l’indice de concentration (HHI), et une analyse économétrique à travers un modèle ARDL.
Les résultats montrent que, malgré une croissance significative des exportations, celles-ci restent fortement concentrées autour des produits miniers, traduisant une dépendance persistante aux ressources naturelles. L’analyse économétrique révèle l’existence d’une relation de long terme entre les exportations, les importations, le produit intérieur brut, le taux de change et l’inflation. À court terme, les importations et le PIB influencent positivement les exportations, tandis que le taux de change exerce un effet négatif modéré et que l’inflation n’est pas significative.
Ces résultats indiquent que le commerce international constitue un moteur de croissance économique, mais qu’il ne favorise pas automatiquement la diversification économique. L’étude met en évidence la nécessité de réformes structurelles profondes, notamment en matière d’industrialisation, d’infrastructures et de gouvernance économique, afin de transformer le commerce extérieur en levier de développement durable.
Mots-Clés : Commerce international, Diversification économique, Industrialisation, ZLECAf, Etc.
Mathematics entered physics as a tool but little by little it transformed to be the master.
In the sense that most people believe that mathematics can generate new physics when the opposite is true.
The author proposes a reformulation of classical and quantum mechanics and physics using Cairo techniques, bounded statistical systems, and novel mathematical frameworks to uncover hidden laws in classical and quantum physics.
In previous six articles entitled How to Generate New Mathematics -Parts I, II , III, IV, Can we think outside the box and How to Merge Quantum mechanics in General Relativity, we discussed how to apply the statistical theory of Cairo techniques to generate new laws and rules in most fields of classical and quantum physics, statistics, and pure mathematics.
The present article uses the same techniques to examine Schrodinger equation in particular and the subject of quantum mechanics as a whole which is in fact are currently not well defined or even mal-defined.
We assume that the statistical transition B-matrix chains which combines the universal laws of continuity of total energy, Phythagaras, and Einstein curvature among others is the only valid statistical mechanics and that any trial to generate equivalent one is doomed to fail.
In this paper, We uncover the surprising fact that classical Schrödinger's equation in 1927 is missing the source/sink term which makes it incomplete and misleading.
Six important and urgent questions arise:
1-What is the grave mistake in Schrödinger's partial differential equation in 1927?
2-Is it true that both Schrodinger equation and Einstein GR belong to one and the same theory?
3-Is it possible to introduce a new single global theory of space-time that combines SE and GR among other theories which will make a breakthrough in physics and mathematics?
4-Is it true that Schrödinger's partial differential equation in 1927 is nothing but the square root of the heat diffusion partial differential equation?
5- Is it true that the Einstein curvature tensor does not represent the curvature of space-time?
6- Is it true that Fourier's theory is unnecessary?
Purpose: This review analyzes the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) automation and chatbot systems to facilitate smart alerts and real-time notifications within construction companies to enhance communication and decision-making.
Design: A thematic literature review was organized and conducted using Google Scholar and Scopus sources. Keywords were used to find relevant studies based on AI in construction, chatbots, smart alerts, and real-time notification systems. The selected literature was analyzed and organized into key themes.
Findings: The review demonstrates that AI-based alert systems enhance communication through the use of real-time monitoring and automatic notifications on safety, progress, and equipment. Chatbots complement these systems by making them interactive to access information and assist with user queries. Their integration enables them to respond faster, better coordinate, and make more proactive decisions. Nevertheless, challenges such as integration of systems, quality of data, and user adoption are still significant issues.
Originality/Value: The research is original because it provides a broader understanding of intelligent communication in building, by integrating the two topics of AI alerts and chatbot systems.
This study aimed to know the influence of self-assessment on the academic development of early childhood education students in Quezon City University. This research utilized a quantitative method. This study was conducted at Quezon City University, specifically Batasan campus with a sample of sixty-two (62) early childhood education students as respondents based on their availability and willingness to answer the survey questions. The survey questionnaires were administered by the researchers using a google form. The Findings of the study highlight the pivotal role of self-assessment in enhancing student’s motivation, self-efficacy, and their overall academic performance. Moreover, the study revealed that self-assessment encourages students to actively engage in their learning process, continuously striving for growth and improvement. Furthermore, the study found out that early childhood education has a positive attitude towards self-assessment. The researchers concluded that students view self-assessment as an important tool in their learning process. By understanding the drivers behind students' view on self-assessment, educators can tailor their teaching strategies to better support and encourage effective self-evaluation practices.
No papers found matching your search. Try a different keyword.
Published papers are indexed in
Submissions Open
See Your Research in the Next Edition
Join thousands of researchers published in GSJ. Submit your manuscript — peer review in 1–3 days, open access publication, EOI assignment, and global indexing across 150+ countries.
