Peer-reviewed international research papers published open-access with EOI assignment and global indexing across engineering, computer science, environmental science, social sciences, and more.
This study examined the relationship between students’ digital access and their participation in hybrid learning at Southern de Oro Philippines College during the academic year 2024–2025. A descriptive-correlational research design was employed, involving 149 respondents selected through non-random sampling. Data were collected using a validated researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation.Findings revealed that students demonstrated a moderately high level of digital access in terms of internet availability and access to digital devices. Similarly, their participation in hybrid learning was also at a moderately high level. Results further indicated that access to digital devices had a stronger positive relationship with hybrid learning participation compared to internet availability. The study concludes that while students generally have access to digital resources, inconsistencies in quality and availability still affect engagement. It is recommended that institutions strengthen digital infrastructure and provide equitable access to devices to enhance student participation in hybrid learning environments.
KEYWORDS: digital access, hybrid learning, internet availability, student participation
This study determined the use of artificial intelligence in educational settings and its relationship to the level of satisfaction among students in the College of Teacher Education at Southern de Oro Philippines College. The participants were the 1st year to 4th year students enrolled for the School Year 2024-2025. This study used a correlational research design to investigate the relationship between students’ use of AI tools and their level of satisfaction. A researcher-made questionnaire based on a review of related literature, were used to gather data. A total of 117 participated, selected using Slovin’s formula. The data were examined using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, Mean, and Standard Deviation. The findings showed that majority of the students expressed a high level of satisfaction with AI tools. According to the study, students are mostly drawn to AI because it makes their work easier, more user-friendly and, it enhances this learning experience. Additionally, those students who frequently utilize AI tools feel a higher level of satisfaction. It is recommended for students to use AI tools as a supplement to their academic, but not solely depends on it.
KEYWORDS: artificial intelligence, students’ satisfaction, usefulness
This study aimed to explore the challenges and adaptability of non-HUMSS graduates in the Teacher Education Program at Southern de Oro Philippines College. The participants include First-Year to Fourth-Year students enrolled in the program for the School Year 2024–2025. This study employed a correlational research design to investigate the challenges faced in terms of academic stress, knowledge gaps, and time management, and how these relate to the students’ adaptability. A self-made and validated questionnaire was used to collect data from selected respondents through purposive sampling. There were 75 respondents who participated in the study. The data were analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The findings revealed that students experienced moderate challenges in their academic journey, especially in managing time, yet they still demonstrated a high level of adaptability. The study also showed that there was no significant relationship between the challenges faced and the adaptability of the students, suggesting that adaptability may be influenced by other factors.
Keywords: academic stress, adaptability, knowledge gaps, non-HUMSS, time management
Since the advancement of technology in the 21st century, students have become more exposed to mobile devices, especially after the global crisis, this study examined how mobile device use relate to the socialization skills of College of Teacher Education students for Academic Year 2024–2025. It was conducted at Southern de Oro Philippines College of Cagayan de Oro City with an overall respondent of 132 College of Teacher Education Students from 1st to 4th year, both BEED and BSED Major in English. The questionnaire used was researcher-made, which was based from the review of related literature. This study made use of correlational design, Mean, and Standard Deviation and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r). The findings show that the Mobile Device Exposure in terms of Frequency of Use as well as the Purpose resulted in High level, and the Socialization Skills resulted in the same outcome. The mobile device exposure greatly affects the socialization skills of the students. It is recommended that the CTE students know how to balance their use to mobile devices to improve their socialization skills.
Keywords: mobile device, socialization, technology
This quantitative research delves into the efficacy of hands-on learning through manipulatives in fostering numeracy skills during early childhood education. The study investigates the impact of varied manipulatives on numerical development, employing quantitative measures to assess their effectiveness. Utilizing a sample of early childhood students, the research focuses on analyzing the correlation between specific manipulative types and numeracy skill enhancement. Data collected through standardized assessments and observational methods will be statistically analyzed to identify key patterns and correlations. The findings aim to provide valuable insights into the most effective manipulative tools for nurturing numerical proficiency in young learners.
Background: Parental involvement is widely recognized as a critical factor in enhancing student academic achievement. However, in low-resource urban settings like Kawempe Division in Kampala, Uganda, persistent academic underperformance raises questions about the nature and effectiveness of parental engagement.
Objective: This study investigated the relationship between three dimensions of parental involvement engagement in school activities, home-based involvement, and educational expectations and students' academic performance in selected secondary schools.
Methods: A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was employed with 400 student respondents, complemented by interviews with 20 parents, 8 student representatives, 4 headteachers, 4 directors of studies, and 2 education officials. Quantitative data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation and multiple regression, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis.
Results: Significant positive correlations were found between academic performance and parental engagement in school activities (r = .722, p < .05), home-based involvement (r = .770, p < .05), and educational expectations (r = .667, p < .05). The three dimensions jointly accounted for 87.5% of the variance in academic performance (R² = .875). Home-based involvement emerged as the strongest predictor (β = .437), followed by school engagement (β = .419) and educational expectations (β = .354). Qualitative findings revealed that while parental involvement enhances student motivation and accountability, it is constrained by time limitations, socioeconomic barriers, and literacy challenges.
Conclusion: Parental involvement is a multidimensional and powerful determinant of academic performance in low-resource urban contexts. Home-based support exerts the strongest direct effect, while educational expectations play a key motivational role.
Mary Joy A. Caguioa, Carly May E. Ciabu, Aiza L. Dalut, Marivic S. Espina, Lovely Joy T. Esquilona, Josephine A. Ganancial, Tommy B. Morales,Jovelyn D. Mulles, John Razelle A. Nartea, Rainelyn N. Pelingon, Lizamy M. Ramiro, Mizzy Eunice M. Santiago, Andr
This study investigated the readiness of Early Childhood Education (ECED) teachers in implementing the revised K–12 curriculum under the MATATAG framework, focusing on their knowledge, teaching skills, attitudes, and the challenges encountered during the transition. Using a quantitative descriptive research design, data were gathered from 30 ECED teachers from two public elementary schools in Quezon City through a validated survey questionnaire. Results revealed that teachers demonstrate a high level of readiness in curriculum knowledge and teaching strategies, particularly in integrating play-based, learner-centered approaches aligned with MATATAG competencies. Teachers also exhibited a very high positive attitude toward adapting instructional practices and engaging in professional learning. However, the study identified significant challenges that hinder consistent and effective implementation, including insufficient training, unclear curriculum guidelines, limited instructional materials, and resource constraints. These challenges indicate that while teachers are willing and pedagogically capable, sustained support is necessary to fully realize the goals of the curriculum reform. The study recommends continuous professional development, improved resource provision, and strengthened school-based support systems to enhance teacher readiness and ensure successful and sustainable implementation of the revised K–12 MATATAG curriculum.
This study explored the lived experiences of retired police officers as they transitioned from active police service to civilian life. The study employed a qualitative phenomenological design using the Photovoice method. It was conducted in Misamis Oriental, Northern Mindanao, Philippines, involving six temporarily selected retired Police Non-Commissioned Officers (PNCOs) who retired between 2020 and 2024, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through participant-generated photographs and semi-structured interviews guided by the SHOWED framework. The findings revealed five themes: identity transition from police service to civilian life; personal strategies for adaptation after retirement; social and environmental support systems facilitating reintegration; continuity of police identity through symbolic objects and memories; and redefining purpose through post-retirement roles and activities. The results indicate that successful reintegration involves identity adjustment, meaningful activities, supportive relationships, and the preservation of professional values. Civilian reintegration among retired police officers is a dynamic process of identity reconstruction, social support, and purposeful engagement in civilian life. The need for structured retirement transition programs and community support initiatives may help police retirees adapt successfully beyond the badge.
Keywords: civilian reintegration, identity transition, police retirement, photovoice, retired police officers
This research aims at determining the viability of using bioplastic from organic extracts for enhancing the storage period of cauliflower, which would encourage sustainable and environmentally-friendly means of keeping foods fresh. Bioplastic films were prepared from a basic solution consisting of starch, glycerine, and vinegar along with extracts from banana peels, artichoke peels, and walnut shells. The samples of cauliflower were covered by these films, and then their efficiency was evaluated depending on several aspects, including freshness, texture, and the rate of spoiling. It turned out that there was an apparent difference between the efficiency levels of films tested. Among all films, the most efficient was the one that contained extracts from walnut shells, as it preserved cauliflower much longer because of strong antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of the extract. Meanwhile, the least efficient film was made from artichoke peels, and hence its preservative effect was low. In turn, the average level of efficiency was reached by films from banana peels. This study proves that bioplastic from organic extracts, especially from walnut shells, can be used in future as a sustainable alternative to traditional films.
Introduction: Artisanal gold mining is now a major economic activity in the Kangaba district. Despite its importance for local livelihoods, its effects on sustainable development remain insufficiently documented. This study aims to analyse its impact on economic, social and environmental dimensions.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study using mixed methods was conducted with 193 participants, including 105 artisanal gold miners and 88 local residents, and 9 soil samples. Data were collected via a social survey, laboratory analyses and remote sensing. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, including the Wilcoxon test to compare incomes before and after mining activity.
Results: Economically, artisanal gold mining has led to a significant increase in the incomes of artisanal gold miners and has contributed to the development of community infrastructure (health centres, roads, schools and places of worship). However, this has been accompanied by significant social consequences, including an increase in community conflicts, the use of psychoactive substances among young people and various health risks. The environmental impacts are even more concerning, given the significant degradation of soil, vegetation and water resources that has been observed, confirmed by remote sensing analyses showing a progressive alteration of vegetation cover between 2000 and 2024.
Conclusion: Current artisanal gold mining practices are compromising environmental and social balance. An integrated environmental and social management strategy is needed to ensure more sustainable development of the sector.
Keywords: Artisanal gold mining, sustainable development, Kangaba, Mali.
This study interrogates the socio-cultural dimensions underpinning the efficacy of Zimbabwe’s National Case Management System (NCMS) for child welfare, foregrounding the imperative integration of African Indigenous Knowledge Systems (AIKS) to enhance programmatic responsiveness within rural communities. Grounded in the Ubuntu philosophy, which posits communal responsibility and relational humanism as foundational to child-rearing and welfare, the research adopts an interpretivist paradigm to elucidate the complex interplay between indigenous cultural frameworks and formal child protection mechanisms. Employing an exploratory phenomenological design, qualitative data were harvested through purposive sampling involving in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews within Rushinga district, a rural locale beset by socio-economic vulnerabilities and entrenched traditional practices. Thematic analysis unveiled critical gaps in community awareness, engagement, and involvement in NCMS implementation, alongside persistent cultural practices that inadvertently perpetuate child rights violations such as early marriages and child labour. Findings underscore the exigency for deliberate advocacy, robust community participation, and strategic incorporation of indigenous epistemologies within policy and practice to reconcile tensions between modern child welfare protocols and local sociocultural realities. The study recommends institutionalising community-centred dialogues, capacity-building initiatives for indigenous knowledge documentation, and elevating traditional leadership roles in program governance to foster culturally consonant, sustainable child protection outcomes. Ultimately, this research contributes to the discourse on decolonising social welfare systems by advocating for a culturally grounded, participatory approach that respects and harnesses indigenous knowledge as a transformative conduit for strengthening child welfare frameworks in Zimbabwe
Cette étude analyse les relations entre l’épargne intérieure, le financement externe et la croissance économique en République Démocratique du Congo, en mettant l’accent sur la nature de leur interaction, en termes de substitution ou de complémentarité. À partir d’un modèle ARDL appliqué à des données temporelles, les résultats mettent en évidence l’existence d’une relation de long terme entre les variables de l’étude. L’épargne intérieure apparaît comme un facteur déterminant et significatif de la croissance, tandis que l’aide extérieure exerce un effet positif, traduisant un rôle de soutien à l’activité économique. En revanche, la dette extérieure présente un effet non significatif, et le crédit au secteur privé révèle une inefficacité, avec un impact négatif sur la croissance. Ces résultats indiquent que la relation entre ressources internes et externes en RDC s’inscrit dans une logique de complémentarité, mais demeure limitée par des contraintes structurelles, notamment la faiblesse du système financier et les inefficiences dans l’allocation des ressources.
Mots-clés
Épargne intérieure ; Financement externe ; Croissance économique ; Dette extérieure ; Aide extérieure ; Crédit au secteur privé.
This study examines the contradictions between journalists’ discursive adherence to the principles of peace journalism and the media practices effectively observed in the coverage of the armed conflict in Ituri, in the north-eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Although peace journalism, as conceptualized by Johan Galtung, promotes conflict reporting based on contextualization, plurality of actors, and the exploration of non-violent solutions, its practical implementation remains limited in contexts of persistent armed violence.
Using a qualitative interpretative approach, the research draws on the analysis of 46 semi-structured interviews conducted with journalists and radio managers, as well as 125 radio news items broadcast by 21 local radio stations in Ituri between 2017 and 2024. The findings reveal a strong normative commitment to peace journalism values, contrasted with professional practices characterized by caution, self-censorship, and limited contextualization.
These contradictions are mainly explained by the combined effects of security constraints, politico-military pressures, and the economic and editorial logics of local media organizations, which significantly restrict the effective implementation of peace journalism. The study demonstrates that peace journalism functions more as an ethical horizon than as a fully operational model in protracted armed conflict settings.
Keywords: peace journalism; armed conflict; self-censorship; structural constraints; local media; Ituri.
The article examines the ten‑year stability clause introduced by the Congolese Mining Code of 2002. Emerging from a context of political and economic crisis, this clause was designed to restore investor confidence by guaranteeing that fiscal, customs, and foreign exchange provisions applicable to mining projects would remain unchanged for a decade, even in the event of legislative reform. By its nature, the clause acted as a legal safeguard for acquired rights, protecting investments from sudden and unpredictable changes in the economic framework. It enabled mining operators to amortize initial costs, stabilize financial flows, and reduce risks linked to regulatory changes. The clause was complemented by other protective mechanisms such as mining conventions, procedural guarantees, renegotiation clauses, and recourse to administrative, judicial, or arbitral jurisdictions.
Key words: Clause, Mining Code, Acquired rights, Procedural guarantees, Legal safeguard.
Mines, as public domain assets, are the exclusive and inalienable property of the State. For the economic development of its natural resources, the State subjects its public domain to exploitation by granting permits to private entities for a fixed period, in return for the payment of an annual fee. This process enables the State to attract the foreign capital necessary for its development. However, these permits become vested rights for private entities, rights that are acquired within the public domain and endure over time. These vested rights are subject to strict conditions: compliance with legal obligations as well as rigorous procedures for the granting of permits, particularly the exploitation permit. Since the State retains its sovereign power to modify the regulatory framework, the protection of vested rights appears limited. Thus, the article provides a structured analysis of the foundation of legal protection for vested rights under the Congolese mining regime of 2002, situating these rights within legal, philosophical, and practical frameworks that reassure investors while reminding the State of its duty to guarantee stability and transparency.
Keywords: Vested rights, Mineral resources, Legal obligations, Environmental obligations, Fiscal obligations.
GLOBALIZATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE
(A STUDY OF NIGERIAN BREWERIES PLC, ENUGU,ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA)
Melletus Uchechukwu Agbo Ph.D
agbomelletus@yahoo.com
agbomelletus1@gmail.com
+234 8068461879
Moses Sunday Okebaram Ph.D
Uche Deborah Kelechi-Nwamuo Ph.D
Meruo Emmanuel Okeoma
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES
MICHAEL OKPARA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, UMUDIKE,ABIA STATE, NIGERIA.
Abstract
This study determined the effect of globalization in organizations with respect to Nigerian Breweries Plc Enugu. Globalization is one of the most important factors of today‘s industry/organizational development, fundamentally influencing all fields of business, including production. The large multinational companies play a determining role in the development of their sectors globally and country by country, both by getting the trends of technical/technological innovation and by applying and disseminating up-to-date management approaches and methods. Their actual role is subject of heated discussion from many sides.One hundred and thirty eight questionnairewere distributed to staff of Nigerian Breweries Plc, Enugu, descriptive survey approach was adopted and analyzed using SPSS regressions. The following findings were made; i)there was positive and significant impact of globalization on productivity of Nigerian Breweries Plc. ii) there was positive and significant effect of globalization on profitability of Nigerian Breweries Plc. The study recommended that managers must ensure that they encourage suitable technical workforce to tackle globalization trends in the organization.
Keywords: Globalization,Profitability, Efficiency, Productivity.
In the Democratic Republic of Congo, the first case of Covid-19 was recorded in mid-March 2020. The Government had issued measures that the entire Congolese community should respect to prevent Covid-19 infection. Thus, all economic sectors were concerned, in particular public services, commerce, education, transport, etc.
Since then, the country's authorities have taken measures to prevent the spread of the pandemic across the country, in particular, the state of health emergency which will gradually be followed by confinement of Gombe in Kinshasa, that of all provinces, physical distancing, hand washing, wearing masks, closing borders, limiting the number of passengers in bus transport, etc. It is clear that these measures were difficult to respect by certain churches throughout the national territory in general and in the city of Kisangani in particular.
To do this, we used functional analysis according to the Robert King Merton Scheme. This method was supported by the documentary technique, the disengaged direct observation technique and content analysis in its dual qualitative and quantitative dimension. Thus, it results that the protests formulated by the opposition parties have highlighted several major challenges
The results of the study reveal that the Covid-19 pandemic and the confinement that accompanied it have had notable and often dramatic consequences on religious life. Unlike some American evangelical churches which defied the confinement, Catholics, Protestants, Muslims and the majority of Christian communities in the DRC willingly complied with the health measures imposed by the Congolese government, thus putting a temporary end to gatherings in places of worship. However, the perceptions of churches in the city of Kisangani in general and particularly the CBFC on barrier measures diverge.
Key words: Covid-19, barrier measures, churches.
Ass Guy BUSE Molisho / Université de Kisangani, Pr. Casimir NDEKE Zamba / Université de Kisangani, Pr. Casimir NGUMBI Kitete / Université de Kisangani, Pr. MULONGO M’fuende/ Université de Kisangani, Ass. Mireille OTEMIKONGO Liata / Université de Kisang
Faced with the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic, the WHO has dictated a certain number of barrier measures in order to contain the Covid-19 pandemic. Thus, the WHO has organized the global response to the Covid-19 pandemic around the world through international cooperation with its Member States, support for vaccine research and through prevention mechanisms such as physical distancing, compulsory wearing of masks, avoiding gatherings, washing hands, coughing into the elbow, etc.
The establishment of barrier measures and the closure of churches in the DRC in general and particularly in Kisangani has had a negative impact on the daily experience of the pastors of the 13th Baptist community of the Congo River in the city of Kisangani. All activities have almost been stopped with the state of health emergency.
In doing so, the study used functional analysis according to the Robert King Merton Scheme. This method was supported by the documentary technique, the disengaged direct observation technique and content analysis in its dual qualitative and quantitative dimension.
The results of the study reveal that the Covid-19 pandemic and the confinement that the majority of Pastors of the Churches of the 13th Baptist Community of the Congo River in Kisangani rather saw their socio-economic conditions improved during the pandemic, because the faithful were afraid of death and were looking for ways and means how to satisfy, feed, clothe their Pastors to escape the pandemic, by heavenly mercy through their charitable acts (donations, offerings, tithes, etc.). Thus, the study on Covid-19 and the daily experience of the pastors of the Baptist Community of the Congo River presents significant added value at several levels: scientific, pastoral, social and institutional. It not only contributes to enriching the academic literature on the impact of health crises in religious environments, but also to improving understanding of the role of pastors in supporting communities in times of difficulty.
Key words: Experience, Covid-19, pastors, barrier measures, churches.
This paper addresses the issue relating to English and French spelling. Thus, it will be a question of talking about the historical origin of the spellings of the English and French languages. One of the major concerns of didacticians is spelling. This consists of writing a word correctly without errors. It is difficult for learners to master, which has caused significant upheaval in everyone's lives in recent years. And this remains a complex judgment for didactics specialists. The latter consider it to be an important point for the learner because if they cannot write correctly, they will be blamed and badly judged. Indeed, French has never finished revealing its many exceptions and surprising spellings. Its mastery is the main goal that every language learner seeks to achieve. It is the elementary criterion which determines language performance.
Spelling is the way of writing words following a set of rules defined as standard for a given language; it belongs to writing. Spoken language is made up of phonemes while written language is made up of graphemes; not everything that is written can necessarily be pronounced. The number of letters in a word is not always equal to the number of sounds: for example the word (hospital) has seven letters and we pronounce six letters, the number of graphemes is higher compared to the phonemes.
The practical FLE teaching dictionary by Jean-Pierre ROBERT (2002: 122) gives us the following definition: “the term spelling takes its origin from the Latin orthographia, a word itself coming from Greek [...] “correct writing” ([…] “right/fair”, […] “I write”). Spelling is therefore the way of writing a word considered to be the only correct one. Consequently, […] spelling obeys linguistic norms, that is to say precise rules, the famous spelling rules.
Keywords: mastery, teaching dictionary, spelling, grapheme
The communication strategy serves as a lever for achieving organizational objectives. It makes it possible to define goals, target audiences, choose communication channels, and evaluate results. However, the communication strategies developed by the Land Affairs Department face difficulties in meeting the expectations and needs of the population. The messages disseminated are often considered too technical, not easily accessible, and sometimes contradictory to local customary realities.
That is why this article aims to review the communication strategy problems of the Land Affairs Department in the management and securing of land in Ituri Province, in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, in order to propose solutions to improve the effectiveness of the department’s communication strategies in land security, based on complaints and grievances from the field.
Keywords: Communication strategy, land security, challenges
Introduction : Étudier la mortinaissance à la maternité du Centre de santé de référence de Banamba. Méthode et matériel : Il s’agit d’une étude transversale descriptive et analytique réalisée dans la maternité du Centre de santé de référence de Banamba du 1ᵉʳ janvier 2024 au 31 décembre 2024. Résultats : Le taux de mortalité était de 10,78 %. La tranche d’âge de 25-34 ans représentait 44,3 %. Environ 58,2 % des patientes étaient évacuées. Et 82 % n’étaient pas scolarisées. L’âge de la grossesse était compris entre 37-41 SA+6 j dans 40,2 %. Les pathologies sous-jacentes étaient dominées par la souffrance fœtale aiguë (29,5 %), le paludisme compliqué d’anémie (18,9 %), l’hématome rétroplacentaire (17,2 %) et la prééclampsie (12,3 %). Les bruits du cœur fœtal (BCF) étaient absents dans 82 % des cas à l’admission. Le mode d’accouchement était la voie basse dans 76,2 %. Les mort-nés frais étaient prédominants avec 63,9 %. Conclusion : la mortinatalité constitue un problème de santé publique avec une fréquence de 10,78 % des naissances totales. Les facteurs les plus associés à la mortinaissance étaient : le travail prolongé, le caractère d’urgence de l’évacuation, les complications du paludisme, les troubles hypertensives et complication. La résolution de ce problème nécessite bonne coordination et une surveillance régulière des activités ciblées sur les facteurs dans le district sanitaire.
Mots clés : mortinaissance, Centre de santé de référence (CSREF), Banamba
Urban flooding in rapidly urbanizing African cities is increasingly recognized as an infrastructure-mediated risk shaped by drainage inefficiencies, degraded road networks, and structurally vulnerable buildings. This study investigates the relationship between infrastructure failures and urban flood vulnerability in Messa II, Yaoundé II, Cameroon. Using a mixed-method approach, primary data were collected from 150 households through structured questionnaires, field-based infrastructure assessments, and key informant interviews. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and multiple regression modeling were employed to examine the predictive strength of drainage condition, road infrastructure quality, and building structural stability on flood outcomes. Results indicate that flooding is recurrent, with 64% of households experiencing at least two flood events annually and 68.7% reporting inundation lasting two hours or more. Drainage systems were widely rated as poor (80%), and 69.3% of respondents reported frequent drain blockage due to solid waste and sediment accumulation. Roads lacking adequate side drains and cross-fall diverted runoff into residential compounds (62%), amplifying flood propagation and restricting mobility. Building vulnerability further intensified impacts, as 74% of structures were located at or below road level and 75.3% exhibited moderate-to-poor construction quality. The integrated regression model explained 61% of the variation in household flood vulnerability (R² = 0.61), with drainage condition emerging as the strongest predictor (β = 0.48), followed by road infrastructure quality (β = 0.32) and building structural stability (β = 0.21). The findings demonstrate that flood risk in Messa II is a systemic outcome of interacting infrastructure deficiencies rather than rainfall intensity alone. The study provides neighborhood scale empirical evidence for integrated infrastructure-based flood risk management and offers actionable prioritization guidance for municipal planning in Yaoundé II and comparable Central African cities.
Keywords: Building vulnerability; Drainage systems; Infrastructure failure; Road geometry; Urban flooding;
This research presents the automated Nigerian vehicle license plate detection and recognition system using OpenCV and EasyOCR. An evaluation of the system performance included a dataset of 206 real-world license plate images that were taken with a mobile phone under different environmental conditions. The methodology suggested in this paper combines preprocessing of the image, detection of the plate based on contours, and optical character recognition to reduce the impact of problems such as bad lighting, motion blur, and anomalous plate formats by performing text cleaning. Post-processing was carried out to filter the output. The experimental results indicate that the proper preprocessing of the data can dramatically increase the accuracy of text recognition, although character misclassification is still a major drawback. The research confirms the practicality of OpenCV-EasyOCR-based systems for public safety, parking systems, and vehicle security in Nigeria. Future research could involve the use of YOLOv8-based detection for better accuracy and reliability.
Cybersecurity awareness has become a critical concern in the digital era, particularly among students
who are highly active online for academic, social, and entertainment purposes. This study examines the
level of cybersecurity awareness among students, focusing on their knowledge, attitudes, and online
safety behaviours. The research aims to identify common vulnerabilities, evaluate the effectiveness of
awareness programs, and recommend strategies to enhance digital security practices. A mixed-method
approach combining survey analysis and literature review was adopted to assess awareness levels and
behavioural patterns. Findings indicate that although students are familiar with basic cybersecurity
concepts, many fail to consistently apply safe practices such as strong password management, phishing
detection, and data privacy protection. The study highlights the need for structured cybersecurity
education integrated into academic curricula, along with interactive training methods to improve
engagement and retention. Strengthening cybersecurity awareness among students is essential for
reducing risks and promoting responsible digital citizenship in an increasingly connected world.
Cet article a pour objectif d'analyser l'influence du marketing digital sur la participation des entreprises agroalimentaires dans les chaînes de valeur agricoles à travers le monde. Suite à une étude de régression linéaire, l'engagement des sociétés agroalimentaires dans les chaînes de valeur agricoles mondiales à travers le marketing digital se révèle. L'utilisation des plateformes de médias sociaux, l'établissement de réseaux de production et sur le plan technologique, diverses interventions ont démontré leur capacité à améliorer les rendements, accroître les bénéfices des agriculteurs et renforcer la durabilité de la production agricole. Dans les régions d'Afrique où certaines politiques étaient appliquées, des assureurs garantissaient que les agriculteurs avaient accès au financement. Cela leur offrait l'opportunité d'investir dans des technologies plus modernes. Les agriculteurs ont bénéficié de l'expertise et des informations nécessaires pour comprendre les technologies naissantes et prendre des décisions avisées. Ils disposaient d'un système foncier sûr, ce qui permettait aux agriculteurs d'adopter les nouvelles technologies avec des frais initiaux minimes. Ils participaient à des groupes organisés d'agriculteurs, ce qui leur permettait de partager des méthodes agricoles innovatrices entre eux. Cependant, l'agencement de ces études n'autorise pas d'affirmer que ces politiques ont directement entraîné une augmentation de l'adoption des nouvelles technologies. Notre recherche éclaire le rôle des facteurs technologiques, Malgré le potentiel, l'adoption reste inégale à cause de plusieurs "verrous", Limite l'accès aux plateformes riches, Les femmes produisent mais l'homme contrôle l'outil de vente, Mauvais état des routes rendant la livraison difficile malgré la vente en ligne. Difficulté de vendre à un inconnu sans contact physique dans le choix d'adopter et d'exploiter les technologies de l'information et de la communication dans la commercialisation des produits agricoles du Territoire de Tshilenge, sis au Kasai Oriental en République Démocratique du Congo. Dans le contexte de notre étude, notre objectif est d'identifier Les facteurs favorisant l’adoption des TIC dans la commercialisation des produits agricoles dans le Territoire de Tshilenge. Pour ce faire, nous avons mis en place une démarche méthodologique. Nous avons mis en œuvre une approche d'enquête en utilisant les techniques suivantes : observation participative, discussion, entrevue, étude de documents et analyse statistique par le biais du logiciel SPSS.
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