Peer-reviewed international research papers published open-access with EOI assignment and global indexing across engineering, computer science, environmental science, social sciences, and more.
In this article, we focused on the proper symbolism of the giant turaco in songs dedicated to the Lokele, Kɔmɔ, and Popoi cultures.
From these three songs, we identified the themes, highlighted the symbols related to this bird, and traced the cultural identity of these three communities.
In the Lokele Kúlɔkɔkɔ, the theme explored is “ecological vitality,” where the giant turaco, playing the role of a chief, conveys joy, hope, harmony, balance, and well-being to his people.
Among the Popoi, the theme of “vision” is emphasized. The turaco, also considered a chief, must possess a vision that he communicates to his people in order to warn them against danger. The people must therefore remain prudent and vigilant.
Among the Kɔmɔ, the giant turaco, as a chief, visits his people in order to identify their issues, govern them effectively, restore trust, and promote development.
In short, the giant turaco serves as an intermediary between humans and the ancestors. Through these songs, culture, nature, and spirituality are deeply interconnected. This bird must therefore be protected in order to preserve our cultural values through our songs.
Key words: Giant Turaco, Chief, Visionary, Good Governance, Development
The rising prevalence of obesity and related disorders, including type 2 diabetes, has intensified interest in food-based prevention strategies. This study investigates the anti-obesity and antidiabetic potential of two underutilized crops, Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) and Black rice (Oryza sativa L. indica) both rich in protein, fibre, and phenolic compounds. Horse gram is a source of polyphenols and flavonoids that inhibit metabolic enzymes (pancreatic lipase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase), reducing fat absorption and improving glycaemic control.
Black rice, notable for anthocyanins such as cyanidin-3-glucoside, also provides flavonoids, phenolic acids, and fibre with strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, and antidiabetic effects. Anthocyanins modulate lipid metabolism and adipogenesis genes (PPARγ, C/EBPα), enhance insulin sensitivity, and reduce hepatic fat synthesis. This study evaluated the effect of seven processing methods (unprocessed, roasted, cooked, roasted-cooked, fermented, soaked, sprouted) on the nutraceutical potential of horse gram and black rice combinations.
Biochemical assays quantified phenolics, flavonoids, proteins, carbohydrates, tannins,
anthocyanins, and α-amylase inhibition. GC-MS identified key bioactive compounds, with
unprocessed, fermented, and soaked samples showing the highest α-amylase inhibition and
selected for in silico studies. Docking was performed on pancreatic α-amylase (1LPB), SGLT2 (5NN8), pancreatic lipase, and α-glucosidase enzymes central to obesity and diabetes. This integrated approach identified processing methods that enhance functional and therapeutic properties, supporting the development of nutraceuticals or dietary interventions for metabolic disorders.
This study explores preservice teachers' engagement in the context of their teaching experiences, focusing on how innovative behavior, information technology (IT) skills, and the school work environment shape their level of involvement in teaching tasks. A total of 401 preservice teachers from Davao del Norte State College participated in the study, selected through stratified random sampling. Using a quantitative correlational design, validated questionnaires were administered, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple regression techniques. The findings reveal that preservice teachers hold highly positive perceptions of their own innovative tendencies, technological competencies, and practicum school environments. They believe that being able to generate new ideas, utilize digital tools effectively, and work in supportive and secure school settings enhances their readiness and motivation to teach. Teaching engagement, as manifested in the emotional, cognitive, and social dimensions, was likewise rated very high, suggesting that preservice teachers feel excited, mentally invested, and socially connected in their teaching practice. Results further indicate that innovative behavior, IT skills, and the school work environment are all significantly related to teaching engagement. Of the three, the school work environment emerged as the strongest factor influencing engagement, highlighting the critical role of mentorship, collegial support, and well- equipped learning spaces in strengthening preservice teachers’ commitment to teaching. Based on these findings, it is recommended that teacher education institutions continue to improve practicum support systems, provide adequate technological resources, and promote innovation-oriented training to enhance teaching engagement among future educators.
The global economic development increased business activities that result in environmental impacts which affects negatively the social, economic and ecological well-being of the society. This study examined the effect of environmental accounting disclosure practice determinants on firms’ sustainable growth in Nigeria. The study is longitudinal research design, using descriptive statistics and panel data regression analysis on the secondary data provided by the census sampling that focused on the 45 firms listed in the industrial goods, consumer goods, and oil and gas sectors of the Nigerian Stock Exchange Group covered 10 years period of 2014 to 2023. The study revealed that board nationality diversity showed positive and insignificant effect on the sustainable growth of firms; profitability exhibited positive and significant effect; leverage shows negative and insignificant effect; while regulatory requirements has negative and significant effect. The study concludes that companies achieve sustainable growth when they are profitable with enough resources to fund environmental accounting disclosure. That heightened pressure to adopt eco-friendly technologies can adversely affect the sustainable growth of business. It is therefore recommended that management should make effort to improve their profitability that will boost the returns on assets and environmental disclosure effort.
Keywords: Environmental impacts, Environmental accounting disclosure practice determinants, Firms’ sustainable growth, Eco-friendly technologies
L’accès durable à l’eau potable constitue l’un des principaux défis des zones périurbaines africaines en forte croissance démographique. Dans la commune de Mont-Ngafula, particulièrement au quartier Lutendele, les difficultés d’approvisionnement en eau sont aggravées par la complexité géologique et hydrogéologique du bassin sédimentaire du Congo. Cette étude vise à démontrer l’intérêt de l’intégration des méthodes géophysiques magnétotellurique (MT) et du sondage électrique vertical (SEV) dans la cartographie et la modélisation des nappes aquifères de la zone de Lutendele. La méthodologie adoptée repose sur une campagne de mesures géophysiques combinant les techniques électriques et électromagnétiques passives, suivie d’un traitement numérique des données par inversion géophysique. Les résultats attendus mettent en évidence des contrastes de résistivité permettant de distinguer les formations aquifères des couches argilo-gréseuses environnantes. L’étude démontre également que la complémentarité entre la haute résolution superficielle du SEV et la profondeur d’investigation de la MT améliore considérablement la précision de la modélisation hydrogéologique. Cette approche intégrée contribue à réduire les risques de forages infructueux et constitue un outil d’aide à la décision pour la gestion durable des ressources en eau dans les zones urbaines et périurbaines de Kinshasa.
In this work, I have considered slow roll inflation in theories of two scalar fields, minimal and quadratic non-minimal cases has been considered separately. It is found that the inflationary observables, the spectral indices and tensor to scalar ratio at Hubble exit, depends on theory parameters in complicated manner due to the presence of two scalar fields, for the case of non-minimal couplings to gravity, the dependence complexity further increases because the scalar fields also influences the gravity sector, this is actually a special case of scalar-tensor gravity.
This study examined the status of empowerment among Indigenous Peoples (IP) women and girls in geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas (GIDA), specifically in Barangays Looy and Pandan, Municipality of South Upi, Maguindanao del Sur. It focused on participation in decision-making, self-esteem, and experiences related to discrimination and violence, as well as social, economic, and political factors shaping empowerment and cultural solidarity. A descriptive qualitative research design was employed using a structured interview guide administered to ten (10) respondents from the Teduray community. Data were collected through one-on-one interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that while opportunities for participation exist through barangay initiatives and community organizations, engagement remains uneven and passive. Internal barriers such as shyness and low self-confidence, along with structural constraints such as selection-based participation, hinder meaningful involvement. Self-esteem was found to be developing but constrained by educational and psychosocial factors, although supportive environments contribute to increased confidence. Discrimination and violence persist, manifesting through social exclusion and marginalization, leading to fear and reduced participation. Cultural solidarity is shaped by a sense of belonging and inclusion, collective participation and support, and barriers influenced by gender inequality and cultural norms. Overall, empowerment among IP women and girls remains progressive yet constrained, highlighting the need for inclusive and culturally responsive interventions.
Keywords: Empowerment, Indigenous Peoples (IP) women and girls, participation in decision-making, self-esteem, discrimination and violence, social, economic, and political factors, GIDA
This study examines period poverty and menstrual hygiene management (MHM) vulnerabilities: cross-sectional analysis of in-school adolescents in southwestern Nigeria. 465 female adolescents were selected randomly from six senior secondary schools within the three senatorial districts. These include Moremi High School, Ife (public), Obafemi Awolowo University International School, Ife (private), Christ African Church Grammar School, Osogbo (public), Our Lady of Saint Francis Catholic College, Osogbo (private), Ede High School, Ede (public), and Redeemer's University Staff Secondary Schools, Ede (private).
A quantitative method (structured questionnaires) was used for socio-demographic variables to determine the level of menstrual product accessibility, availability of WASH facilities, knowledge, and practices of menstrual hygiene management. For the statistical data, descriptive and chi-square tests were utilized to investigate significant patterns and relationships between the variables. Based on the study, 57% of adolescents experienced high period poverty, which showed a significant influence on their MHM practices (χ2=5.901, df = 4, p<.05). While 25.5% had a poor level of MHM practices, among those without period poverty. 54.2% of respondents had adequate MHM practices, and 20.3% respondents had very adequate MHM practices. Low experience showed 19.2% poor, 46.8% adequate, and 34.0% very adequate. High experience revealed 23.8% poor, 57.3% adequate, and 18.9% very adequate. Limited or no period poverty increased MHM practices. In conclusion, period poverty influences in-school adolescents' menstrual hygiene management, increasing their risk of infectious diseases and school absenteeism. To achieve gender parity and long-term development, policymakers should prioritize the distribution of free menstrual products and WASH facilities in schools.
Keywords: Adolescent, Menstrual Hygiene, Menstrual Hygiene Management, Menstruation, Period Poverty.
Peri-urban areas are important frontiers for housing expansion in many developing cities due to population growth, increasing demand for housing, rising land prices in city centers and the outward expansion of urban activities (UN-Habitat, 2020; World Bank, 2021). This expansion has been pushed into fringe communities of the city with variety of undulating terrain making topography a critical factor in housing environment sustainability in Ibadan, Nigeria. This is a review of the connection between the topography and the sustainability of the housing environment in the peri-urban interface highlighting the extent to which terrain attributes influence the outcomes of residential development in a rapidly urbanizing metropolitan context. The study examines how slope, elevation, drainage network, and landform configuration affect exposure to flooding, erosion, waterlogging, poor road connectivity and other natural hazards that impact the quality of peri-urban settlements (Akinyemi & Adejumo, 2022; Austin et al., 2024). It also explores the relationship between the topography and dwelling design aspects such as natural ventilation, solar orientation, scenic views, privacy, efficiency of the site layout and access to social and economic opportunities. This review uses Ibadan as a study case to provide insight into the complex interactions between topography, housing environments, within the dynamics of governance systems in peri-urban settings. The findings provide valuable insights for sustainable urban planning, land use management, infrastructure prioritization and housing environment policy formulation in Ibadan and other rapidly urbanizing cities facing comparable physical and governance challenges.
Keywords: Housing environment; Topography; Peri-Urban; Governance; Ibadan; Sustainability.
Abstract
The giant turaco is threatened with extinction in Tshopo Province, particularly in the city of Kisangani and its surrounding villages.
Several causes of this threat are discussed in this article, including slash-and-burn agriculture, mining activities, the creation of new residential areas, transport and trade, logging, artisanal brick making, and others. All these activities have a direct impact on the habitat of the giant turaco.
We proposed several strategies for the conservation of this bird and the restoration of its habitat. Finally, we added some recommendations for the future.
Key words: Giant Turaco, Extinction, Habitat, Strategies
The Konsambá, a pact of non – aggression and a model for conflict resolution in kómo tradition, reveals ideas conceived by the ancestors to impose peace. The kómo poeple in question are found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, specifically in the provinces of Tshopo, Ituri, Maniema and North Kivu.
To address our research problem, we employed the hermeneutic method to interpret the cultural and social context of our data. It is important to note that Konsambá is indeed a cultural practice among the kómo people of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In relation to the aesthetic of evocation, this study presents the organization of rituals and the particularities of this cultural practice (Konsambá).
Keywords : Konsambá, pact, conflict, peace, komo tradition.
The present article titled « Issues Surrounding the Attempt to Question the Provisions of the Kosambá Blood Pact in Kómo tradition » addresses the possible reactions arising from the behavior of certain members of this community who might attempt to challenge this cultural practice or the blood pact that binds the entire community.
The hermeneutic method has been of great importance to us. It allowed us to explore the symbolism of Konsambá. This method benefited from documentary techniques as well as interviews.
It should be noted that Konsambá concerns all members of the kómo community. Anyone who attempts to oppose it will face sanctions as prescribed by tradition.
Keywords : Issues, questioning, blood pact, Konsambá, kómo tradition.
Our study focuses on the application of a language model to aOur study focuses on the application of a language model to a Bantu language. This is work that allows the research to conduct field studies to analyze this language with reference to a model of its functional structures.
Indeed, the functioning of a language relies on structures, as F. de SAUSSURE States, who considers a language to be a structure, a form »
The fields of Bantu and Our study focuses on the application of a language model to a Bantu language. This is work that allows the research to conduct field studies to analyze this language with reference to a model of its functional structures.
Indeed, the functioning of a language relies on structures, as F. de SAUSSURE States, who considers a language to be a structure, a form »
The fields of Bantu and African languages constitute a vast area where the numerous experience of many researches are increasingly coming together and revealing their richness, previously underestimated because they were considered primitive or of secondary importance
That is why, at the end of this investigation, we are to believe that all our merit would lie in highlighting or applying language theory that takes contemporary linguistic models into account.
Thus, we chose the Roman JAKBSON’S model of phonological structural analysis, which will be applied to the Swahili language.
s constitute a vast area where the numerous experience of many researches are increasingly coming together and revealing their richness, previously underestimated because they were considered primitive or of secondary importance
That is why, at the end of this investigation, we are to believe that all our merit would lie in highlighting or applying language theory that takes contemporary linguistic models into account.
Thus, we chose the Roman JAKBSON’S model of phonological structural analysis, which will be applied to the Swahili language.
. This is work that allows the research to conduct field studies to analyze this language with reference to a model of its functional structures.
Indeed, the functioning of a language relies on structures, as F. de SAUSSURE States, who considers a language to be a structure, a form »
The fields of Bantu and African languages constitute a vast area where the numerous experience of many researches are increasingly coming together and revealing their richness, previously underestimated because they were considered primitive or of secondary importance
That is why, at the end of this investigation, we are to believe that all our merit would lie in highlighting or applying language theory that takes contemporary linguistic models into account.
Thus, we chose the Roman JAKBSON’S model of phonological structural analysis, which will be applied to the Swahili language.
Keywords: Our study focuses on the application of a language model to a Bantu language. This is work that allows the research to conduct field studies to analyze this language with reference to a model of its functional structures.
Indeed, the functioning of a language relies on structures, as F. de SAUSSURE States, who considers a language to be a structure, a form »
The fields of Bantu and African languages constitute a vast area where the numerous experience of many researches are increasingly coming together and revealing their richness, previously underestimated because they were considered primitive or of secondary importance
That is why, at the end of this investigation, we are to believe that all our merit would lie in highlighting or applying language theory that takes contemporary linguistic models into account.
Thus, we chose the Roman JAKBSON’S model of phonological structural analysis, which will be applied to the Swahili language.
Keywords: Bantu language, Our study focuses on the application of a language model to a Bantu language. This is work that allows the research to conduct field studies to analyze this language with reference to a model of its functional structures.
Indeed, the functioning of a language relies on structures, as F. de SAUSSURE States, who considers a language to be a structure, a form »
The fields of Bantu and African languages constitute a vast area where the numerous experience of many researches are increasingly coming together and revealing their richness, previously underestimated because they were considered primitive or of secondary importance
That is why, at the end of this investigation, we are to believe that all our merit would lie in highlighting or applying language theory that takes contemporary linguistic models into account.
Thus, we chose the Roman JAKBSON’S model of phonological structural analysis, which will be applied to the Swahili language.
Keywords: bantu language, Phonological structural analysis, Roman Jakobson model
Situational Language Teaching (SLT) is a pedagogical approach that emphasizes teaching language through meaningful, real-life context rather than isolated linguistic forms. This article examines SLT's theoretical foundations , pedagogical principles, and classroom applications in English as a Second Language ( ESL) education. It further evaluates its effectiveness in developing learners' communicative competence, motivation, and fluency. Drawing on major linguistic and educational theories , the study argues that SLT remains a relevant and effective approach in modern ESL classrooms. Practical lesson structures and instructional strategies are also proposed to support teachers in implementing SLT effectively.
This study assessed the impact of sustainable land restoration on agricultural productivity in Rwanda's Ngororero District, a highland region prone to intense rainfall, severe topsoil erosion, and declining soil fertility. Utilizing a mixed-methods research design, quantitative data from 393 household surveys were integrated with spatial Geographic Information System (GIS) mappings and qualitative insights from 15 focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The empirical results reveal an overwhelmingly positive community perception (97.9% favorability), with physical bench terracing and biological agroforestry emerging as the primary conservation strategies. Spatial and sector-level analyses indicate that adoption remains highly uneven across the landscape, concentrated heavily on steep, environmentally vulnerable slopes supported by institutional programs. Socioeconomic and technical bottlenecks, particularly a combined lack of capital, land, tools, and technical training, continue to restrict wider community diffusion. Inferential statistical modeling confirms a highly significant, powerful positive relationship between conservation adoption intensity and agricultural output (r = 0.867, p = 0.001). Furthermore, linear regression analysis demonstrates that land restoration practices serve as a robust predictor of agricultural performance, explaining approximately 75.1% of the total variance in seasonal crop yields (R2 = 0.751, F = 39.21, p = 0.001). The study concludes that while integrated landscape restoration successfully reverses land degradation and accelerates food security, long-term sustainability requires targeted financial subsidies, expanded farmer field training, and proactive, GIS-guided institutional extension support to bridge structural resource gaps among smallholders.
The global economic development increased business activities that result in environmental impacts which affects negatively the social, economic and ecological well-being of the society. This study examined the effect of environmental accounting disclosure practice determinants on firms’ sustainable growth in Nigeria. The study is longitudinal research design, using descriptive statistics and panel data regression analysis on the secondary data provided by the census sampling that focused on the 45 firms listed in the industrial goods, consumer goods, and oil and gas sectors of the Nigerian Stock Exchange Group covered 10 years period of 2014 to 2023. The study revealed that board nationality diversity showed positive and insignificant effect on the sustainable growth of firms; profitability exhibited positive and significant effect; leverage shows negative and insignificant effect; while regulatory requirements has negative and significant effect. The study concludes that companies achieve sustainable growth when they are profitable with enough resources to fund environmental accounting disclosure. That heightened pressure to adopt eco-friendly technologies can adversely affect the sustainable growth of business. It is therefore recommended that management should make effort to improve their profitability that will boost the returns on assets and environmental disclosure effort.
Keywords: Environmental impacts, Environmental accounting disclosure practice determinants, Firms’ sustainable growth, Eco-friendly technologies
L'Approche Par les Situations (APS) est reconnue pour son potentiel à dynamiser l'apprentissage et à améliorer les performances des élèves. Cette étude vise à évaluer l'implémentation effective de l'APS dans les écoles scientifiques de la ville de Kananga. Une enquête, menée auprès de 30 enseignants de première année des humanités scientifiques à l'aide d'un questionnaire, révèle une adoption partielle de cette approche. Bien que 48,7% des enseignants interrogés utilisent l'APS de manière rationnelle, 51,3% restent indécis et privilégient des méthodes pédagogiques plus traditionnelles. L'analyse statistique, notamment via un test pour échantillon unique, confirme cette tendance. L'étude conclut par des recommandations adressées aux acteurs pédagogiques afin d'encourager une application plus systématique et efficace de l'APS dans l'enseignement scientifique à Kananga.
Mots clés: Approche par les situations, Situation, Compétence, Enseignement-apprentissage.
La présente thèse doctorale intitulée « L'apport de l'Approche par les Situations (APS) sur la compréhension de la dilatation anormale de l'eau par les apprenants de la deuxième année des humanités scientifiques dans la Province Éducationnelle de Kinshasa/Tshangu » s'inscrit dans le cadre de l'évaluation des réformes pédagogiques initiées par le Programme d'Éducation pour la Qualité et la Pertinence des Enseignements aux Niveaux Secondaire et Universitaire (PEQPESU) en République Démocratique du Congo.
La dilatation anormale de l'eau constitue un concept fondamental en sciences physiques, caractérisé par son caractère contre-intuitif : l'eau se contracte lorsqu'elle est chauffée entre 0°C et 4°C et se dilate lorsqu'elle est refroidie dans le même intervalle de température, à l'inverse de la plupart des corps purs. Cette particularité, liée à la structure moléculaire triangulaire de l'eau (angle H-O-H valant 105°), génère des difficultés d'apprentissage spécifiques que l'enseignement traditionnel ne parvient pas toujours à surmonter.
Face à ce constat, notre recherche vise à mesurer l'efficacité de l'Approche par les Situations, une pédagogie active privilégiant la manipulation, l'expérimentation et la contextualisation des savoirs, dans l'enseignement-apprentissage de ce concept. Le dispositif méthodologique adopté est de type quasi-expérimental, comparant un groupe expérimental (n = 253) ayant bénéficié d'un enseignement selon l'APS et un groupe contrôle (n = 205) suivant l'enseignement traditionnel. L'analyse des données a été réalisée à l'aide du logiciel SPSS 25.0, combinant des statistiques descriptives (effectifs, fréquences relatives, moyennes, écarts-types) et inférentielles (tests Z pour échantillons appariés et indépendants, test du Chi² d'indépendance, analyse de covariance ANCOVA, et calcul des tailles d'effet : d de Cohen, V de Cramer, êta-carré partiel).
Les résultats confirment l'ensemble des hypothèses de recherche. La progression intra-groupe est hautement significative : le groupe expérimental progresse de 11,6/20 à 15,6/20 (d = 1,86), tandis que le groupe contrôle progresse de 6,8/20 à 9,3/20 (d = 0,66). L'analyse de covariance (ANCOVA), contrôlant statistiquement la différence initiale entre les groupes, confirme un effet principal très significatif de la méthode pédagogique (F(1, 455) = 181,2 ; p < 0,001 ; η² partiel = 0,285), indiquant que l'APS explique 28,5% de la variance des performances au post-test. L'analyse par question révèle que l'APS est particulièrement efficace pour les concepts graphiques et expérimentaux (écarts de réussite de 35 à 55 points de pourcentage pour les questions Q2, Q3, Q6, Q7 et Q9, avec des V de Cramer compris entre 0,39 et 0,60). Des difficultés persistent néanmoins pour certains concepts spécifiques (questions Q5 et Q8).
Ces résultats valident la pertinence de l'APS pour l'enseignement de la dilatation anormale de l'eau et plaident en faveur d'une généralisation progressive de cette approche dans l'enseignement des sciences physiques en République Démocratique du Congo, accompagnée d'une formation approfondie des enseignants et de la mise à disposition d'un matériel didactique adéquat.
Mots-clés : Approche par les Situations (APS) – Dilatation anormale de l'eau – Didactique des sciences physiques – Pédagogies actives – Enseignement secondaire – République Démocratique du Congo – PEQPESU – Analyse statistique – SPSS – Recherche quasi-expérimentale – ANCOVA.
Une enquête d’évaluation du niveau de maîtrise des concepts physiques « masse et poids » d’un corps dans les écoles secondaires de la ville de Kananga, dans la province du Kasaï central a été menée auprès de 125 élèves dont 55 filles et 70 garçons, seulement 38,32% des réussites ont été constatées.
Les erreurs au niveau de l’apprentissage constituent les difficultés à la base.
L’utilisation de l’approche par les situations (APS), la prise en compte des conceptions initiales des élèves et la collaboration entre les professeurs des cours complémentaires ainsi que la stimulation des élèves à maîtriser le français permettront de surmonter les défit relevés dans cet article.
Mots clés : concept, masse, poids, savoir essentiel.
Abstract
The rapid evolution of digital technologies has profoundly transformed how information is processed, transmitted, and stored.
Today, classical computing forms the basis of modern computing and communication systems.
However, advances in quantum mechanics have contributed to the emergence of quantum information, based on new physical principles such as superposition, entanglement, and quantum 2interference.
This study aims to distinguish classical information from quantum information in order to identify their characteristics, advantages, limitations, and application areas.
The methodology adopted is based on a review of existing literature and a comparison of available scientific publications.
The results indicate that classical information remains suitable for everyday uses due to its stability and simplicity, while quantum information opens new perspectives in the fields of high-performance computing, cryptography, and artificial intelligence.
Keywords: Classical information, quantum information, bit, qubit, quantum computing, digital communication
Integrated agroforestry-bioenergy systems are increasingly promoted as a multifunctional strategy for climate mitigation, rural energy security, landscape restoration, food-system resilience, and circular bioeconomy development. Yet the literature shows that integration often remains framed as a technical problem of biomass supply, conversion efficiency, and land-use optimization, while the social-ecological mechanisms that determine long-term success remain undertheorized. This review synthesizes recent literature on agroforestry, bioenergy, socio-ecological systems, agroecology, bioeconomy, and transformative governance to develop a human ecology framework for diagnosing when agroforestry-bioenergy integration produces synergies or traps. The review identifies five recurrent trap mechanisms: technocratic lock-in, food-energy competition, governance fragmentation, path dependency, and unsustainable bioenergy transitions. Conversely, durable synergies emerge when diversified agroforestry structures are coupled with inclusive governance, local knowledge, circular resource flows, gender-sensitive value chains, and multi-scale monitoring. The synthesis shows that agroforestry-bioenergy integration should not be assessed only through energy yield or carbon metrics, but through its capacity to reorganize relationships among land, labour, knowledge, institutions, and ecosystem services. The article proposes a diagnostic framework and research agenda for moving beyond technical fixes toward equitable, resilient, and context-specific bioenergy transitions.
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