Peer-reviewed international research papers published open-access with EOI assignment and global indexing across engineering, computer science, environmental science, social sciences, and more.
The use of green manure with the soil conditions to planting shallots was conducted at Srisaket Province. This two - years study plan was RCBD with 4 replication and 6 methods as following: 1) green manure with chicken manure (farmer method) 2) green manure alone 3) green manure with dolomite 4) green manure with rock phosphate 5) green manure with rice hull ash and 6) green manure with gypsum. The experiment results appeared that method 1) and method 5) were higher than other methods. The average yields were 1,925 and 1,700 kg per rai, respectively. These may be due to the chicken manure and green manure crop contain high nitrogen and potassium which were the essential elements for plant growth. The soil properties after experiments were changed in the positive way. Soil pH increased because organic matter content in green manure crop, rice hull ash, chicken manure, including dolomite and gypsum could increase soil pH buffering. Consequently, phosphorus and potassium were more available to shallots. Moreover, the water holding capacity increased and soil bulk density decreased which intended to be benefit to shallots. In the economic return issue, it was found that the first method got the highest return which was 19,700 bath per rai. The method 4) got the income return at 14,920 bath per rai. Moreover, the first method got the lowest breakeven point which was 206.35 kg per rai. This mean that if farmers used chicken manure with green manure crop, they could increase yield at least 206.35 kg per rai. It was recommend that the rice hull ash should be applied green manure crop and chicken manure in order to improve soil acidity. According that rice hull ash contain 4.06% of potassium and high organic matter, rice hull ash was suitable to improve soil pH and soil structure which had the important roll to produce starch and sugar in shallots.
The research is tentatively planned to survey an organisation or a number of organisations where Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib's principles will be studied and applied to develop best practices on employee relations. The study will look at the influence of law on employee relations. The study will involve observations, questionnaires and interviews with both experts and employees to establish appropriate findings. This study will involve study from books, institutional and regulatory bodies on employee relations.
Hemangiomas in the head and neck area are quite common, but there are relative scarcity of cases in nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Hemangiomas can be classified into capillary , cavernous, and mixed type. Cavernous hemangioma usually presents unilateral bleeding and manifests of slowly growing mass coated with necrotic tissue on the surface. The mean age at diagnosis is 40 years, and there is no gender difference. Cavernous hemangioma of the nasopharynx is rare. This kind of tumor can be excised via endoscopy without major sequelas when limiting in the nasopharynx.
As a result of the dynamics of the city, an important changes occur include all components of the city and influence its shape, morphology and functions, most important of these processes are: urbanization and urban growth. Research interests in the horizontal urban expansion of the cities (as a result of the urban growth) then unplanned areas emerge within the urban environment with their rural characteristics. The research discusses the urban expansion, its effects and consequences and shows some of the studies, theories and strategies to control the expansion of the cities. Purpose of the research is drawing a futuristic image of the sustainable city and submits a three proposals explaining how to deal with areas at the edges of the city included in the urban environment and choosing the modes of sustainable use of land in order to meet the needs of the population and preserve the environment. Research concluded to a set of conclusions and recommendations.
In a developing country like Pakistan, power saving, and power management is a big challenge. Maximum Demand Indicator (MDI) is intended for measuring the maximum mean load. MDI allows the maximum load to be compared with the sanctioned load and this value should be less if the original analysis was performed correctly. In this paper our aim is to design an instrument that will measure load and voltage of the power circuit. As soon as the load exceeds the allowed limit, instant short message service (SMS) will be generated through Global system for Mobile Communication (GSM) to alert the unit owner or the controlling authorities and after described time of no action, the system will automatically shut down the secondary load. The paper is based on controlling the transformer using GSM integrated with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based system. The low power continuous monitoring system will be implemented with the transformer for industrial load and in residential areas it is implemented with power meters to enable the technician to control the system anywhere in world and keep it up-to-date. In this paper the main theme is to bring satellite based automation in power sector which is equally implemented in industry as well as in residential areas which facilitate the power distributors like Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) and consumers as well. This paper is to enables the system to record the power use in Peak hours and Off-Peak hours to maintain consumer bill on real time, which will improve the consumer billing, avoiding losses in case of short circuit, minimize the errors related to meter reading, avoid the transformer from the over loading, provide the real time power management for the distributor, avoid the consumer from the fine in term of MDI unit for commercial consumer, avoid corruption in term of billing and also useful in avoiding the electricity theft which is the most serious issue that is now a days we are facing in Pakistan.
Optimal designs guaranteed precise estimates of any parameter of interest. Therefore, a suitable procedure is required to identify optimal designs among countless number of competing designs available to the experimenter. This research work gave a reason why one of the popular procedures would not be effective and provided a suitable procedure.
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system has the primary function of collecting data from the field devices through terminal equipment such as the Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) and the Programmable Logic Unit (PLC), analyse and transmitted it to the central control area where it is displayed for monitoring, archiving and control. Unlike the Information Technology (IT) systems, SCADA Systems are generally time-critical, necessitating the need for special protocols for data acquisition and control. In this work we conducted a survey on the characteristics of SCADA System protocols, the available types, their applications and comparative features. The SCADA System protocol reference model was compared with the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and found to have 3 layers as against 7 layers of OSI Model. In the course of the study, several SCADA System protocols were examined and it was discovered that some of these protocols such as Modbus, IEC 870-5-103, Profibus and IEC 6185 are suitable for communication in the fields while some like DNP 3, IEC 870-5-101 and IEEE P125 are suitable for communication outside the fields.
Adsorption of oxygenate, including MTBE and methanol, to silica gel, activated alumina, zeolite 4A and 13X were investigated and found that the availability of active sites and shape selectivity were two important factors influencing adsorption behaviors. Among all studied adsorbents, zeolite 4A possessed the highest amount of active site while exhibited the lowest adsorption capacity to MTBE, which can be attributed to the relatively smaller channel diameter (4.1 x 4.1 A) compared to the dimension of MTBE (6.0 x 4.8 A). Considering that this phenomenon was insignificant in methanol adsorption (3.6 x 3.5 A), it was likely that the confinement of adsorption site is important in controlling the adsorption of aprotic adsorbate.
The process of Information Retrieval (IR) helps a prospective user to find the required knowledge either from www or from corpus. Cross Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) is a task of identifying documents written in language different than that of the user specified query language. In this globalization era and continued internationalization of internet, the growing multilingual contents, motivate researchers to cope up with the problem of CLIR. A number of systems have been developed over past few years for English and other European languages. However, no work has been carried out on Cross Language Information Retrieval System for Pakistani languages in general and Sindhi in particular. Thus searching in regional languages will undoubtedly lead to a more precise solution. The proposed system implements this concept. To do so, a Cross Language IR system for Sindhi and English is developed with Query translation based upon the bilingual dictionary.The performance evaluation results show that developed model reduces the incorrectness of result. It is found that the proposed model successfully retrieve better results for the CLIR Sindhi to English than the existing search engines.
This study examined the factors influencing environmental management accounting adoption among manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka. This is an explanatory study based on analyzing primary data to answer the research problem of what are the factors influencing the adoption of environmental management accounting practices among manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka. Influencing factors for environmental management accounting practices adoption is employed as independent variable and parameter was used to measure independent variables such as firm size, firm age, regulatory compliance, financial performance, environmental strategy and level of manufacturing technology whereas the level of adoption environmental management accounting practices among manufacturing companies is the dependent variable. A convenient sampling method was used to collect data and select 36 manufacturing companies which are listed in Colombo Stock Exchange have been sampled. The study revealed that firm size, firm age, regulatory compliance, financial performance, environmental strategy and level of manufacturing technology significantly positive influenced manufacturing companyβs intention to adopt environmental management accounting practices. To achieve these result six hypotheses were formulated. This study has made useful contributions to current knowledge by providing more explanations for environmental management accounting adoption in an unexplored context. To conclude, this study has provided important insights into the factors that influence the acceptance and adoption of environmental management accounting in general, and specifically in Sri Lanka. More importantly, this study has opened up possibilities for further research into environmental management accounting adoption in Sri Lanka.
To study with the chances of transmission of rabies virus through milk of a rabid animal. Introduction: Rabies is transmitted through secretions of a rabid animal. Discussion: Odds cannot be ruled out that rabies virus is present in milk of rabid animal. Conclusion: Message through seminar at World rabies day on 27/09/2017 conveys that the point that people consuming the milk of rabid animal need not be given ARV has created dilemma.
The demand for new and powerful electronic devices is increasing every day. These powerful devices require complicated designs. The design engineers do their best to provide with good designs but still many bugs may remain hidden in the design. These bugs may cause huge loss if they are found after the device is sent to the market. Therefore it is necessary for the designs to be verified thoroughly. The verification process is also a complicated process.Today around 70% of the product cycle is used up for verification. Thus a method to hasten the verification while satisfying coverage is required. Due to complex designs having complex behavioral pattern, the verification engineer needs to write many test scenarios which is practically not possible. Thus they randomize the process at some level. When a process is randomized, generally it still follows a set pattern as decided by the seed of the pseudo-random algorithm. Even for a completely random pattern, it is difficult to hit wide range of test-values. It will repeat some of the values before all values are hit.. This will result in both lesser coverage and increased time for verification.Machine Learning techniques like Kernel Density Estimation(KDE) and Temporal Analysis are used to reduce the amount of time needed for verification.Temporal Analysis include Assertions,Properties and Sequences which are inbuilt in SystemVerilog. Kernel density estimation is used to divide the range of bit fields into many kernels and verify the resulting kernels in the descending order of the number of values in each kernels.Left over kernels can be verified by directed testing.Thus the amount of time for verification is reduced.
Majority of Magetan community, Indonesia, and surrounding areas use motorcycle for daily activities. Geographically, Magetan is located on the slopes of Lawu mountain and less traveled by public transportation. That condition is an opportunity to increase margin of Suzuki Magetan mainly on maintenance and repaired of 2W Suzuki. This research aims to describe handling of complaints customer on the services small business. This research is using qualitative descriptive method and expected to be able to add knowledge to other small business in the same field. Findings the research is service counter apologized about the problem or situation. Mechanics and patners has been established and work on the schedule specified so that they always ready at any time needed. The students of intership program help the mechanics work, so that could be ending complaint about long queues. Involve all employees in the company to ensure everyone in the company feel responsible. The medium used to communicate with consumers is the mobile marketing. Mobile marketing that are widely used by consumers is phonecall, SMS and Whatsapp. Blog, facebook, and other social media are also used, however, rarely customers communicate personally with these medias.
Technological education is a sine-qua-non in the development of any society. In Nigeriaβs millennium development goal attainment, technological education is vital to its attainment and ICT, the hub of modern scientific development is of great importance to this attainment. The primary aim of this paper is to showcase the importance of information and communication technology in different areas of educational development as a panacea to achieving the anticipated millennium development goal.
Radio over fibre is an advanced technology which combines RF communication system and optical fibre communication system. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology commits to be a fundamental technique for accomplishing high data rate when it is integrated with RoF. Conventionally, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is commonly adopted in optical OFDM communication system. However, OFDM-QAM suffers from large inter -carrier interference (ICI) resulting in degradation of the system performance in terms of reduced Quality Factor. Also OFDM suffers from nonlinearities occurring along the transmission line. In this paper, the Continuous Phase Frequency Shift Keying (CPFSK) modulation technique with OFDM in place of QAM to reduce the non linearity effects in the RoF system and to lower ICI to get better performance of the RoF system is presented. The constant envelope of CPFSK does not have direct impact of the non-linearity .This paper investigates the integration of OFDM with RoF for achieving high data rates and the transmission of the signal over long haul optical fibre with CPFSK as the modulation in OFDM based RoF System .The performance of the system is studied and analyzed in terms of Quality Factor, Bit-Error-Rate (BER)
Phlebitis is the most common complication of peripheral intravenous cannulation. The current study was carried out to evaluate and compare the efficacy, safety and pharmaco-economic of dressing with Ichthammol glycerine, Heparinoid preparation and Magnesium Sulphate-glycerine on phlebitis following peripheral intravenous cannulation. One hundred and twenty subjects were included in three groups by a computer generated block randomized (3:3:3) open list of numbers. First, all the subjects were screened and assessed for the grade of phlebitis as per 'Visual Infusion Phlebitis Scale (Jackson -1998)'. The subjects were given the code and divided in three treatment groups as per open list of random numbers by the investigator. The investigator did the intervention after checking the skin sensitivity with that particular drug for three days. The grade of phlebitis was assessed at baseline and then after every 24 hrs for 3 days by the observer. The total treatment cost in 72 hrs was calculated after completing the intervention. There was marked difference in pre and post phlebitis score in all the three groups (p<0.0001). Amongst the three groups, Ichthammol glycerine group had shown the best result in reducing phlebitis score and was the most pharmacoeconomic followed by Magsulph glycerine. Heparinoid preparation was found to be the most costly drug among all the three interventions. None of the subjects had shown any adverse drug reaction.
Road traffic accident was one of the severe problems which are affecting once's country and leading to death, injuries and property damage resulted in economic loss. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of Human behaviors and Geometric factors in road traffic accidents along the road of Sululta-Fiche, which is located in Northern Shewa of Oromia region. Both probability sampling and non-probability sampling techniques were applied. The primary data were obtained from site observation of blackspot locations. While the secondary source of data was taken from records compiled by North Shewa traffic office and Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne traffic Office. A descriptive and analytical design methods were used in this research, while the results were displayed by graphs, tables and pie charts. From the study, the status of road traffic accident showed that there were dramatic increased of accidents every year within the study period. A total of 830 crashes occurred in the past three years. From this, 237 accidents happened in 2012, 279 accidents in 2013, and 314 accidents in 2015. From the traffic police report analysis, there were 41 locations in Sululta Town, and 70 locations in the Sululta Wereda, where those accidents happened. Based on the results of this research using priority value approach, there were 12 selected locations in Sululta Town and 10 chosen locations in Sululta Wereda. Therefore, it is concluded that the significant factor in traffic accidents along Sululta - Fiche road was the driver errors such as over-speeding, night driving and driving without attention, and it was followed by the geometric factors. These road deficiencies contributory to some errors of the drivers, were inadequate road width, insufficient sight distance, and narrow bridge at sag curves and improper intersection design. Based on the findings of the study, some of the countermeasures recommended to reduce the road traffic accidents are provision of speed limit signs to forewarn drivers, installation of speed barkers and rumble strips, widening the lane width of pavement, maintenance of deteriorated road, repair of the road signs and provision of adequate sight visibility for drivers.
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