Peer-reviewed international research papers published open-access with EOI assignment and global indexing across engineering, computer science, environmental science, social sciences, and more.
The study investigated the predictive influence of workplace flexibility on employee silence: the moderating role of work ethics among civil servants in Anambra State. The study adopted a correlation design and moderated regression statistics to test the three (3) hypotheses of the study. The sample was five hundred and twenty-nine (529) civil servants (222 males and 307 females) selected from nine (9) local government councils in Anambra State. The ages of the participants ranged from 26 to 58 years, with an average age of 42 years and standard deviation of 3.50. The participants were drawn using multi-stage sampling techniques in which purposive sampling was used to determine the choice of the samples, where as systematic sampling was used to select the participants’ local government areas while simple random sampling was used to select the individual participants for the study. The study made use of three (3) research instruments for data collection, namely; workplace flexibility scale, multi-dimensional work ethics scale and employee silence scale. The result revealed that workplace flexibility had negative and significant predictive effects on employee silence at β = -.23, P < .001 (n = 529). Also, the predictive effect of work ethics on employee silence was equally negative and significant at β-.66,P< .001 (n = 529). For the moderation output, moderation estimate is indicative that work ethics did not moderate the predictive relationship between workplace flexibility and employee silence. The study recommended that civil service act be revised to reflect new realities which frustrate employees due to rigidity of workplace while promoting employee voice and proactivity.
The study investigated the moderating role of work ethics in the relationship between organizational frustration and employee silence among Anambra State Civil Servants. The study adopted a correlation design and moderated regression statistics to test the three (3) hypotheses of the study. The sample was five hundred and twenty –nine (529) civil servants (222 males and 307 females) selected from nine (9) local government councils in Anambra State. The ages of the participants ranged from 26 to 58 years, with an average age of 42 years and standard deviation of 3.50. The participants were drawn using multi-stage sampling techniques in which purposive sampling was used to determine the choice of samples, whereas systematic sampling was used to samples, whereas systematic sampling was used to select the participants’ local government areas while simple random sampling was used to select the individual participants for the study. Study made use of three (3) research instruments for data collection, namely; organizational frustration scale, multi-dimensional work ethnic’s scale and employee silence scale. The result revealed that Organizational frustration had positive and significant predictive effect on employee silence at β = .06, P < .001 (n = 529). Also, the predictive effects of work ethnics on employee silence was negative and significant at β = -.66, P < .001 (n = 529). For the moderation output, moderation estimate is indicative that when work ethics was added to the predictive relationship between organizational frustration and employee silence, the predictive estimate of the relationship was reduced from β = .06 to .02 , P < .001 (n = 529). The study recommended that civil service act be revised to mitigate factors which frustrate employees while promoting employee voice and proactively.
Troponin, is a complex regulatory protein involved in cardiac muscle contraction. Its concentration is increased in individuals with heart failure and myocardial infarction. The assessment of cardiac-specific troponins is widely used as indicator of muscular damage. The overexpression and increased level of troponin is a serious concern in heart failure. Therefore, in this study, we synthesized the molecules including 4-amino-5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione (UI-1) and 4-(2-hydroxybenzalidine) amine-5-(2-hydroxy) phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (UI-2), at 160oC by fusion method that showed effective inhibition of troponin. The UI-1 and UI-2 were structurally characterized by FTIR and NMR. We analyzed the binding interaction of these compounds with troponin by in silico molecular interaction. The binding energies were observed for UI-1: -4.4328 and UI-2 -5.2686 kcal/mol. This study would help to design new anti-myocardial infarction agents to modify the treatment against heart failure.
The Office of the Dean of the College of Education attempted to find out the Employee Job Satisfaction Index (JSI) in the workplace of Tagoloan Community College [TCC] College of Education [COED]on the last quarter, School Year, 2021-2022. The study used the qualitative method on the descriptive approach. The Turner and Lawrence (2022); Hackman and Lawler (2022) questionnaire were adopted to facilitate a high validity and reliability instrument administered. The 22 full-time & 38 part-time teaching personnel were involved in the study and directly participated. The very satisfied decision was made by the early 30st and 40st age-group. Likewise, these were dominant female in their masteral and doctoral educational attainment. Moreover, they were married and working in Tagoloan Community College – College of Education within the span of three [3] to ten [10] years. And, have the rank/position as Assistant Professor lV. They were contented and very satisfied with their job/work as counter-checked to the influence on the school policies, supervision, working condition, salary, responsibility and opportunities for promotion and professional growth. Although physical facilities are the unmet prevalent issues that the administration must proactively work.
Topfelix Survey and Consultancy was commissioned by Society of Saint Pius De X Catholic Church through the contractor to carry out a topographic survey of a land acquired for the construction of the administrative quarters of the above-named church. The project involves producing boundary plan, spot height plan, contour plan and the topographic plan. The survey was carried out to aid the design of structure. The project covered an area of 3.533 Ha of land and is classified as third order survey project. The methods used to achieve this project were Traversing and Leveling (spot heighting) and Leica TS06 Total Station with its accessories were used for three (3) dimensional coordinates, distances and angular measurements, while standardized 100m steel tape for grid interval measurements. The grid and spot heighting were at 10m intervals. The Accuracy of the work was =1/28,000 and the elevation difference accuracy was 0.030m. This report is presented in sections. Section one focused on the introduction, aim and objectives of the project, scope of the work as well as my level of participation. Section two dealt with the project planning and instrument test carried out during the course of executing this project. Section three and four outlined the methodologies for data acquisition and processing of the data respectively while the fifth section refers to the presentation of the results. The survey was carried out in accordance with the Survey Rules and Regulations as well as company’s specifications and instructions.
There is a need to assess a well for its production viability under complex conditions. Each reservoir has a unique environment and they need to be explored and understood using a range of measurements taken from inside the well. To do this, formation evaluation is needed at the exploration and production stages. This is done to ascertain whether or not economic reserves of hydrocarbon are present and, if they are, to determine the most economical and efficient way to extract them. This will improve decisions for subsequent drilling. The available data for the characterization of the Reservoirs in Y-Field includes well logs for eight wells, 3D seismic and check shot data. The well logs were interpreted with using Interactive Petrophysics v3.6 and the location of the wells was interpreted using IHS Kingdom Suite 2017. The well logs were first interpreted to determine the various lithologies (sand and shale), reservoir thickness and stratigraphic relationship. Petrophysical parameters such as volume of shale, porosity, water saturation, hydrocarbon saturation, bulk volume water and permeability using appropriate formulas. Six reservoir sand (Reservoir 1, Reservoir 2, Reservoir 3, Reservoir 4, Reservoir 5 and Reservoir 6) were delineated. The Petrophysical analysis of Well 1, Well 2, Well 3, Well 4, Well 5 and Well 6 gives an insight of the probability of fluid in the wells and its economic viability for extraction. It was delineated from this study that the wells had different top and bottom for each reservoir unit. Also, it was estimated as well that the permeability of the wells were not homogenous and this is as a result of different sedimentation processes that took place in the formation of the Niger Delta. The depositional environments of the reservoirs were observed manually to be cylindrical and funnel shaped. This shows aggradation and coarsening up of sediments, which is a typical characteristic of the Niger Delta.
Cette étude est consacrée à l’écriture et au discours du terrorisme dans le dialogue de Taher Ben Jelloun avec sa fille à travers son œuvre Le terrorisme expliqué à nos enfants et Le terrorisme Mensonges politiques et stratégies fatales de l’occident de Jacques Baud. Le terrorisme à pour but de semer la terreur. La terreur se trouve dans le mot avec son lot de souffrance d’où la violence, les prises d’otages, les destructions, l’intolérance et l’intimidation. C’est ainsi que nous avons vu avec Taher Ben Jelloun une volonté d’éclaircissement de la notion du terrorisme mais quand aux causes du terrorisme djihadiste il n’est pas entré en profondeur dans son dialogue avec sa fille. Nous avons avec Jacques Baud un discours beaucoup plus audacieux à propos des causes du terrorisme qui s’internationalise avec la porosité des frontières. Là où Taher Ben Jelloun explique à sa fille le fanatisme des jeunes endoctrinés par des djihadistes, Jacques Baud montre clairement la responsabilité des occidentaux et en tête les Etats-Unis en ce qui concerne les causes et la propagation du terrorisme dans le monde avec la destruction de l’Irak, de l’Afghanistan, de la Lybie... Le terrorisme djihadiste s’est internationalisé d’où les connexions et les allégeances entre les différents groupes terroristes de l’Etat Islamique au Sahel, Syrie et Afghanistan.
This paper delves into a complete approach for properly mitigating risks in the dynamic field of cybersecurity. This study explores the most effective methodologies, strategic maneuvers, and requisite organizational framework for effectively navigating the intricate realm of cyber threats, David, (2021). The basis of effective risk management involves a thorough evaluation of potential risks and ongoing surveillance, allowing firms to detect vulnerabilities and take proactive measures in response. The implementation of employee training and awareness initiatives serves to introduce a proactive human element, recognizing the significant contribution of individuals in strengthening a resilient security culture, Alfred and Paul, (1997). The primary emphasis of this study lies in strategic approaches, with a particular focus on the implementation of a defense-in-depth strategy that utilizes a variety of defense mechanisms across many layers. It is recommended to implement a meticulously designed incident response strategy to ensure a prompt and synchronized response in the event of a cyber assault, Keith, (2007). The essay highlights the significance of data encryption and privacy safeguards, elucidating their function in protecting confidential information. In addition to individual practices, the article presents significant governance frameworks, like the NIST Cybersecurity Framework, ISO/IEC 27001, and CIS Controls. These frameworks provide a systematic methodology for the management and enhancement of cybersecurity postures, furnishing businesses with a strategic plan for achieving resilience, Anderson, (2001). The essay functions as a comprehensive manual for firms seeking to bolster their cybersecurity measures. By integrating best practices, strategic approaches, and compliance with existing frameworks, companies may effectively manage the complex landscape of cyber risks and cultivate a resilient culture to address emerging threats. Keywords: Establishing best practices, crafting effective strategies, frameworks for cybersecurity governance
The text explores the multifaceted applications of synthetic biology, highlighting its role in revolutionizing various industries. It delves into the production of green biopolymers through microbial engineering, the sustainable synthesis of indigo dye, and the potential of biodesign to address environmental challenges. The mention of HGP-Write underscores the initiative's significance in advancing synthetic biology. The text emphasizes the broad impact of synthetic biology across diverse sectors, from pharmaceuticals to environmental protection, urging the need for ethical considerations in this rapidly advancing field
Le projet "Écoles Pionnières" au Maroc, une initiative visant à améliorer l'éducation de base. Notre étude se concentre sur l'intégration de la langue maternelle, l'arabe, en classe de français via l'approche TaRL. Bien que la majorité soutienne cette pratique, des divergences persistent, soulignant la nécessité de formations spécifiques et d'une communication continue. Malgré des différences, l'approche TaRL offre une opportunité précieuse pour améliorer l'éducation, nécessitant un engagement continu des autorités éducatives marocaines.
This study on Discourse and Esthetics focuses on A Black man raped a White Woman in Dallas by Ramonu Sanusi [Our Translation]. The study brings about the classification and typology of book and characters and the exploitation of African literary esthetics. The lack of African literary esthetics in abundance in our writings pushes us to use Sunday O. Anozie Sociological Approach in analyzing the Typological and Esthetic approaches in this novel. This book full of humor, satire and unusual violations of French grammatical structures invite us to use more methods like the socio critic, the structuralism and stylistics methods for the appearance of literary esthetics in abundance to defend and honor African traditional, cultural and spiritual values. Keys words: Literary esthetics, colonization, migration, search for self-identity, Sunday O. Anozie, Sociological Approach.
The classification of satellite images entails dividing the pixel values of the images into relevant groups. This means assigning corresponding levels with respect to groups of homogeneity characters, with the aim of differentiating multiple objects from each other from the image. In most cases, this process became very difficult to understand. Comparatively analysis of features extraction methods was aimed to be the study. The materials covered ENVI 4.5, Idrisi 16.0, ArcGIS 10.7.1, Landsat imagery and administrative map of Rivers State. The KA results showed SVM (94.72%), BE (82.25%) and MAH (88.22%). Conclusively, a review of the literature was done on the more sophisticated approaches to classification, including binary encoding, support vector machines, and artificial neural networks. As a result, this study suggested developing classification systems that use a variety of classification algorithms.
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) contributed 97 million deaths globally. It is reduced through antimicrobial stewardship. However, insufficient health resources in sign language yielded poorer health outcomes among hearing-impaired and mute individuals. Therefore, the researchers created an educational intervention using a Quick-Response Code (ediQRC) on antibiotics that is beneficial for hearing-impaired and mute teenagers. Method: A quantitative approach and quasi-experimental research design were employed with a purposive sampling technique. Results: The post-intervention results in the experimental group revealed that ediQRC is beneficial in enhancing respondents' knowledge, attitude, and practice of antibiotics with a mean of 86.0, 3.07, and 3.40, respectively. Statistical analysis confirmed an improvement before and after the ediQRC intervention in the knowledge and attitude (p<0.05) excluding practice (p>0.05). Additionally, there is substantial change with and without the ediQRC in knowledge and practice (p<0.05), except attitude (p>0.05). Furthermore, ediQRC’s effectiveness can only be evaluated by measuring knowledge. Hence, its mean in the post-intervention was 85.99. Conclusion: The level of indicators: knowledge, attitude, and practice were good, high, and very high, respectively. There is a significant difference before and after the ediQRC in the knowledge and attitude but not in practice. Moreover, there is a significant difference with and without ediQRC in knowledge and practice, except attitude. Meanwhile, ediQRC’s effectiveness is considered good. Thus, for the study’s sustainability, we recommend that the Department of Health (DOH) should coordinate with the Department of Education (DepED) which will be the major facilitator of the execution of the intervention.
The study sought to determine the effect of discipline management strategies on academic performance of secondary school student in Nyarugenge district, Rwanda. The selected school were Alhidayat Islamic institute, Lycee de Kigali, Essi Nyamirambo, GS Apace, Camp Kigali School and Saint Andre. The general objective of the study was to investigate the extent at which discipline management strategies contributes on student academic performance in secondary schools of Nyarugenge District. Motivated with the idea of discipline management strategies employed in secondary schools, level of performance of secondary school students, then after correlation between discipline management strategies and academic performance of secondary school students of Nyarugenge district. Through Yamane formula, the target population was 142 and sample size was 105 respondents. The data were collected by using questionnaires, interview guided, observation and documentation. Data were processed and analyzed using software called SPSS. The study revealed that both students and teachers signified positive ideas concerning the exercise of a rule that applies to a place or group related to training administration. Discipline administration plans received greater mean ratings, accompanying a mean of 3.07 for students. Time administration, for both students and teachers was absolutely seen, with mean scores of 2.96 for students and 3.01 for teachers. Students and teachers grasped different ideas concerning the presidency of penalties. While students considered few penalties otherwise, teachers mainly seen the presidency of school penalties positively, accompanying a mean of 3.12. In conditions of students' academic performance, the inquiry results designated that the acting of students in selected schools in Nyarugenge district is mainly good. However, individual sign, "general acting in nationwide exams," taken a lower mean score of 2.70, signifying lower performance. This equated accompanying the results of national exams in O' Level and A' Level, place a majority of students raze into IV and U classifications. A statistically important relationship was noticed middle from two points the presidency of penalties and students' academic depiction, accompanying an equating cooperative of 0.467 and a p-value of 0.001. The study implies that the presidency of penalties in subordinate schools needs revision and endure not upset classes or additional important academic activities. The study investigates also the effect of intervening variables on students ‘academic performance where teacher’s qualification, teaching methods and motivation were tested and a positive relationship on students’ academic performance was remarked. Key words: Discipline management strategies, students, academic performance
The study employed ex-post facto and extracted variables such as value-added tax, corporate income tax, inflation, and gross domestic product from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin, the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) of the various issues. The analysis of the overall estimate was based on the short-run regression output obtained by Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimates, which showed the statistical evidence from the study that the co-efficient of determination R2 of the endogenous variables jointly explained 68 percent of the total variation in the dependent variable (GDP). The value of the adjusted R2 (0.58) reaffirmed the goodness of the fit. The F-statistic (4.09) of the model estimate is statistically satisfactory, such that the hypothesis of the equation being equal to zero can be rejected. The joint influence of the explanatory variables was statistically significant at a 5 percent level of significance. Durbin Watson's test of autocorrelation (1.5) is approximately equal to 2.0, which indicates the presence of positive autocorrelation. Specifically, at a 5 percent level of significance, value-added tax (VAT) has a negative and insignificant relationship with GDP in Nigeria. At the same time, corporate income tax (CIT) and the inflation rate exert positive and significant effects on economic activities in Nigeria. Overall, the entire findings of the study were not surprising because there has been increased tax evasion in both individual and corporate entities over the years, which has consistently reduced the revenue generated by the government in Nigeria. Consequently, since VAT has a negative relationship with Economic growth and is insignificant, the study recommends that the Government should provide infrastructure that would yield revenue to the Economy
The cultivation, packaging and processing of tomatoes into various usable forms result in the generation of millions of tons of wastes around the world annually, and these wastes typically end up as landfills or water contaminants thus constituting an environmental concern. These residues, if properly harnessed, are efficient sources of nutrients, phytochemicals and even power. Also, the tremendous nutritional and health benefits of carotenoids have led to an increased production and utilization, however, bulk of the farm products are not efficiently processed, leaving farmers incurring huge loss due to storage issues. This paper therefore seeks to suggest a more efficient strategy of managing wastes due to industrial processing of tomato by converting these wastes into electricity using microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The strategy will not only improve the environmental safety, but will also generate income and improve the economy. Key words; carotenoids, tomato waste, microbial fuel cells (MFCs)
Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and the second leading cause of male death due to cancer in the developed countries. Studies have shown that initiation, development and metastasis of cancers are based on varieties of factors ranging from genetic conditions in which there are mutations in genes that control cell cycle and apoptosis, to production of aberrant proteins that are involved in cell signal transduction cascades and distorted functions due to gene mutation. The initiation of prostate cancer is due to mutation in genes that code for DNA repair enzymes leading to the accumulation of DNA replication errors and onset of carcinogenesis and defective prostate metastasis. Understanding the key players in prostate cancer would provide insight into devising novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The incidence of prostate cancer shows substantial global and regional/ racial variation, and among the African countries, incidence varied from East with highest incidence through south with intermediate and the West African region with least incidence rates. Difference in access to health care facilities, registry quality including completeness of case ascertainment and estimates of population at risk, screening practices, as well as lifestyle factors within the population among other factors are likely to be responsible for the observed variations.
In this paper, we focused our attention on the theoretical investigation of integer-valued first order moving average (INMA(1)) model with negative binomial (NB) innovation for the forecasting accuracy of time series of count data. We employed the method of the Conditional Least squares (CLS) estimator to estimate the parameter of INMA(1) model, and Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) to estimate the mean (μ) and the dispersion parameter (k) of the NB distribution. The study is based on simulation experiment used to addressed the theoretical generated data under different parameter values β =0.2, 0.6, 0.8, different sample sizes n=30, 90, 120, 600 for the class of INMA(1) model, and μ =0.85, 1.5, 2, k=1,2, 4 for the NB distribution. The Monte Carlo simulations were conducted with codes written in R, all results were based on 1000 runs. With small number of observations and high parameter value, the estimation of parameter for the class of INMA(1) model gives a better results. Similarly, the estimation of the dispersion parameter (k) of the NB distribution gives a better result when the number of observations is small and with large k values. The forecasting accuracy of the INMA(1) model with the mean of NB distribution at different lead time period l=1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 15 were investigated with codes written in R. The results showed that the minimum mean square error (MMSE) produced when the number of lead times forecasts is between one and five were less than that produced when the numbers of lead times forecast were greater than five. The MMSE increased when the number of lead time periods increases. This result indicates that forecasting with this class of model is better with short time frame of predictions. The study is applied to the number of Measles laboratory confirmed cases in Nigeria which consist of count time series data of 37 observations (monthly data), from January 2021 to December 2021. The application results corroborate the theoretical investigation.
This study delves into the pivotal contributions made by credit and fraud analysts to the American financial landscape in the face of evolving credit and fraud threats. The analysis of trends in credit card complaints from 2011 to 2017 reveals notable patterns, with a substantial increase in consumer-reported issues during this period, peaking in 2016 but witnessing a significant decline in 2017, highlighting the dynamic nature of credit and fraud issues. Additionally, the geographical distribution of states with varying levels of experienced issues provides insights into regional disparities in credit card complaints, reflecting factors such as credit card usage patterns, consumer protection regulations, and the presence of major financial institutions. The channels adopted for lodging complaints offer valuable insights, with web-based channels dominating, emphasizing the importance of user-friendly online complaint submission systems. Regarding responses to complaints, an overwhelming majority (98.9%) received timely responses, highlighting the prioritization of customer concerns by banking institutions. The various status categories of complaints shed light on the outcomes of the complaint resolution process, with most complaints being closed with an explanation and a significant number closed with monetary and non-monetary relief, demonstrating efforts to address customer grievances satisfactorily. This research underscores the indispensable role of credit and fraud analysts in upholding economic stability and consumer protection and the dynamic nature of credit card complaints. Understanding these multifaceted responsibilities and trends is essential for policymakers, financial institutions, and the broader public to appreciate their significance in maintaining the financial system's resilience and trustworthiness.
This study examined the importance of patient-centeredness in the development of a hospital. Focusing on the transformation of hospitals, the research delved into the various effects of passion on hospital performance. This study examined Todah Hospital as a case study, showing how patient-centered practices rely on infrastructure, services, and caring for everything. The study combined qualitative and quantitative data to show the relationship between patient-centeredness and positive outcomes on patient satisfaction, clinical outcomes, and performance. The findings highlighted the importance of integrating hospital development strategies with patient preferences, empowerment, and participation. Finally, this work contributed to a deeper understanding of how patient-centeredness is for the development of hospitals in terms of responsiveness, efficiency, and human suffering.
The study examined the management of poultry manure and environmental pollution in Anambra and Imo States of Nigeria. The study was aimed at establishing that poultry manure is more an asset than pollution due to its beneficial usage. The broad objective was to examine the correlation between management of poultry manure and environmental pollution. The specific objectives of the study were to; examine how the management of poultry litter manure contributes to environmental pollution; the extent of relationship between the management of poultry cage manure and environmental pollution. Two research questions and hypotheses were formulated in line with the objectives of the study. The study was anchored on Holdgate pollution pathway theory and supported by Peter Drucker’s theory of the business. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The area of study was Anambra and Imo States respectively and a sample size of 205. The structured questionnaire was the main instrument for data collection and it was validated by experts. The test-retest method was used for reliability and the Cronbach Alpha using SPSS, 2.0 was used to establish the R value as 0.815(81.5%) for the test of the instrument. The simple mean score, and the linear regression analysis was used to analyze and test the hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed that; there were more males (146) representing 71% in the poultry business than females (59)=29%. Their ages represent the active working population of the states (41&above)=123 (60%), (36-40)=65 (31.7%), 26-35)= 16 (7.8%) and (18-25)=1 (0.5%), their marital status showed 169(82%) married, 34 (17%) single and 2 (1%) divorced. There is a positive significant relationship between the management of poultry litter manure and environmental pollution with coefficient value of 0.139, Tvalue of -2.004 and Pvalue of 0.046; there is no positive significant relationship between the management of poultry cage manure and environmental pollution with a coefficient value of -0.104, T -1.497 and Pvalue of 0.046. The study concluded that, inadequate manure management leads to economic loss and increase in environmental concerns.
A 38-year-old, Gravida 6 Para 3+2(3 alive) woman, who had an etonogestrel contraceptive implant (Implanon®) inserted 22 months previously, presented at the emergency department of University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria with a complaint of a two-week history of spotting per vaginam and lower abdominal pain of a week duration following 12 weeks history of amenorrhoea. The patient's past gynecological history was unremarkable, with no identifiable risk factor for ectopic pregnancy like. Her last pregnancy resulted in normal vaginal delivery. The implant was correctly placed in her left arm and was palpable. The pregnancy test done was positive and pelvic ultrasound scan showed a significant collection of fluid in the pelvis, with absent intrauterine gestation and impression of a suspected ruptured ectopic gestation. She had exploratory laparotomy and total left salpingectomy. She was counseled on alternative methods of contraception and further encouraged on the benefits of continued contraceptive use. The patient was discharged on the third post-operative day to the family planning clinic and to be followed up at gynaecological clinic. Subsequent histological examination confirmed the left tubal pregnancy. The diagnosis of an unintended pregnancy in a woman using a contraceptive method presents a diagnostic dilemma hence clinicians require a high index of suspicion in the management of such cases at ensuring timely intervention. Conclusion Implanon remains a highly effective form of long-acting reversible contraception. This case report emphasizes that possibilities of ectopic gestation should be entertained. Studies should be carried out as to probable factors that could be responsible for Implanon failure and its use should warrant additional attention including notification to drug monitoring centers and to the manufacturing company.
Background: Despite significant efforts to control and eradicate malaria, this deadly parasitic disease remains the most prevalent in the world. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the malaria prevalence in Blue Nile State in 2019-2022. Materials and methods: A descriptive epidemiological study was carried out in terms of malaria prevalence in Blue Nile State during the period from 2019 to 2022. Data was collected from all health facilities records during 2019 to 2022 in Blue Nile State. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Results: The overall mean prevalence of malaria during the period from 2019-2022 was 19.9%. There was no significant difference between mean prevalence of malaria cases during the studied years, p=.943. There was significance difference between mean of malaria cases during the months of the years, p=.000. The malaria prevalence was significantly increased during months of February, March as the first peak of malaria and also increased significantly during August and September months as the second peak. Conclusion: Blue Nile State has a high prevalence of malaria during the period from 2019 to 2022. This prevalence indicated that malaria disease is still major public health problem. It is therefore necessary to maintain and support malaria control measures in the state to provide a better response to malaria infection. Keywords: Malaria Prevalence, Blue Nile state, Sudan, 2019-2022
Background: Cholera continues to be a global health threat. Pandemics of cholera have been experienced in some countries with sporadic attacks throughout the world, especially in areas where water supply, sanitation, food hygiene and safety continue to be a challenge. Objectives: This study aimed to contribute data on trends in cholera-related mortality in Blue Nile State, 2017. Materials and methods: A descriptive epidemiological study was carried out in Blue Nile State during cholera outbreak 2017. Data was collected from patients’ records during period of outbreak from August to November 2017. Results: During outbreak a number of 862 cases were reported. Most of cholera cases was reported in Eldamazin locality 576 (66.8%) followed by Eltadamon locality 100 (11.6%). Female was more affected by cholera 493 (42.8%) compared to male 369 (42.8%). The proportion of deaths was 1.0% with case fatality rate of 0.001/1000. Gender was significantly affect death with cholera but not age group. Conclusion: The study concludes that the proportion of death was relatively low with low case fatality rate. Gender was significantly influence death due to cholera but not age group. It is recommended that localities and administrative units surveillance systems be activated to facilitate a quicker and more timely response in future outbreaks to prevent spread of cholera disease, current and future development projects must be geared towards provision of more water treatment plants, provision of regular community education on cholera signs and symptoms and prevention and treatment measures even in periods outside epidemics. Keywords: Cholera, Blue Nile state, Sudan, 2017
Background: Cholera is an acute watery diarrhoea disease that is caused by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the toxigenic strains of Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 or O139. Objectives: This study aimed to contribute data on trends in cholera-related mortality in Blue Nile State. Materials and methods: A descriptive epidemiological study was carried out in Blue Nile State during cholera outbreak 2016. Data was collected from patients’ records during period of outbreak from August to November 2016. Results: Most of cholera cases was reported in Elroseries locality 833 (58.3%) followed by Eldamazin locality 544 (38%). The proportion of deaths was 2.4% with case fatality rate of 0.0024/1000. Age and sex not significantly influence death related mortality. Conclusion: Despite a high number of cases; the cholera related deaths is found low in the Blue Nile 2016 , these might attributed to successful WASH intervention and effective case management. Keywords: Cholera, Blue Nile state, Sudan, 2016
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