Peer-reviewed international research papers published open-access with EOI assignment and global indexing across engineering, computer science, environmental science, social sciences, and more.
Background: Social networks have recently received a lot of interest. It consists of websites and other online tools that enable individuals and organizations to receive, create, and share content by connecting with others on topics of mutual interest. Employees' excessive usage of social media at work has also created several concerns about their project's performance. Method: Data from 154 randomly selected questionnaires were obtained online from employees of Pakistani IT/Software Houses using a quantitative approach. The data were analyzed using multivariate technique called Smart PLS-3 rather than covariance-based structural equation modeling to evaluate the hypothesized correlations. Results: According to the findings of this study, there is a direct association between personal and work- related social media usage on project performance. Vertical Communication also plays an important role in mediating the interaction between personal and work-related use of social media. Conclusion: This study proposes a unique approach for determining if the use of social media affects project performance via horizontal and vertical communication. It will also help lawmakers and researchers in their efforts to manage social media use at work. Keywords: Project Performance, Personal use of social media, Work-related use of social media, Horizontal Communication, Vertical
This book establishes an appraisal on the numerous contexts and strategies in personal management in the public sector. There is also within the text a comprehensive guide to the area of public personnel management. Numerous concepts such as employee motivation, engagement and retention are subfields that were regarded as viable when fostering a positive work environment. In this regard, we will seek to provide practical and reliable insights as well as a comprehensive and detailed overview of the book. Keywords: Public, Personnel, Management, Contexts, Strategies.
The study examines the role of self-esteem in the career decision-making process and its impact on career satisfaction and fulfillment among college of education students in the Volta Region. Purposive sampling method was employed, selecting 60 participants with experience in career decision-making from three colleges of education: Peki College of Education, Akatsi College of Education, and ST. Francis’ College of Education. The sample comprised 50% male and 50% female students, with 20 participants from each college. The findings indicate that self-esteem plays a significant role in shaping career decisions among students in the field of education. Higher levels of self-esteem are associated with increased assertiveness, confidence, and motivation in pursuing career goals. College of education students with high self-esteem possess a clearer understanding of their abilities, strengths, and interests, enabling them to make informed and proactive career choices within the education sector. In contrast, low self-esteem can lead to self- doubt, indecisiveness, and fear of failure, hindering the decision-making process and resulting in less satisfactory outcomes for college of education students. Furthermore, self-esteem has a notable influence on the level of career satisfaction and fulfillment experienced by these students. College of education students with higher self-esteem tend to choose careers within education that align with their interests, values, and strengths, fostering a sense of purpose and engagement in their work as educators. They are more likely to set ambitious goals, take calculated risks, and persist in their career paths, contributing to higher levels of career success and satisfaction within the education field. Conversely, college of education students with lower self-esteem may settle for less fulfilling teaching careers, struggle with doubts about their abilities as educators, and find it challenging to derive satisfaction from their professional lives. Gender differences exist in the relationship between self-esteem and career decision-making among college of education students. While both male and female college of education students are influenced by self-esteem levels when making career choices, the nature of this relationship varies between genders. Higher self- esteem among male college of education students is generally associated with greater assertiveness, ambition, and confidence in career decision-making within education. They tend to pursue teaching careers aligned with their self-perceived abilities. For female college of education 2 students, the relationship between self-esteem and career decision-making is more complex. Higher self-esteem can lead to increased confidence and proactive decision-making, but societal factors and gender stereotypes may also influence their choices. Female college of education students with higher self-esteem may face unique challenges related to societal expectations and bias, but they are more likely to challenge traditional gender roles and pursue fulfilling and successful teaching careers. These findings emphasize the significance of self-esteem in the career decision-making process and its impact on career satisfaction and fulfillment among college of education students. Understanding the role of self-esteem provides valuable insights for career counselors, educators, and policymakers in supporting college of education students in making informed career choices and promoting their overall well-being.
Fractal fingering is a phenomenon that occurs when a droplet of an ink-alcohol mixture is deposited onto diluted acrylic paint. This research paper aims to investigate the various relevant parameters that influence the geometry and dynamics of fractal fingers formed during this process. By analyzing the impact of factors such as droplet size, viscosity, surface tension, and paint concentration, we aim to gain a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms and establish a theoretical framework for predicting and controlling the formation of fractal patterns. The research employs experimental techniques and mathematical modeling to provide valuable insights into the complex dynamics of fractal fingering, potentially contributing to applications in fields such as materials science and art.
The study aimed to assess the student retention practices of Tagoloan Community College. The researchers used descriptive correlational method. The study utilized 269 total number of respondents and used Cronbach’s alpha to make it more precise. The instrument were analyzed using different statistical tool such as the weighted mean, standard deviation and Pearson correlation. Student retention is an essential measurement metric in education, indicated by retention rates, which are accumulated as students re-enrol from one academic year to the next. High retention rates can be obtained if institutions aim to provide appropriate support and teaching methods among the various practices to prevent students from deferring their studies. To address this pressing challenge faced by educational institutions, the underlying factors and the methodological aspects of building robust predictive models are reviewed and scrutinized. After having a thorough evaluation, the retention policy of the college seem to draw a positive impact to the student retention brought about by the effective implementation of an array of extra-curricular activities where it contribute a lot to students in terms of motivation and even explore more resulting to create a warm atmosphere. The results shows that among others, retention practices of TCC in terms of student orientation, guidance and counseling, extra-curricular activities, and academic performance were adequate. With reference to the extent of student retention of TCC in terms of learning competency, academic and social integration were suitable. Additionally, the retention practices have a significant relationship with student retention. Retention practices of the institution help students stay on track academically and increase the likelihood of completing their degrees or programs successfully. This implies that with more practices implemented by the institution concerning retention, the students would increase their intention to stay in the school.
The study investigates how financial literacy influences the investment strategies of executives in two leading SME sector companies in Sri Lanka. Adopting a qualitative research approach, the study explores the role of financial attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioral controls in investment decision-making based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Modern Portfolio Theory. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed thematically. The results suggested that an individual's investment decisions are influenced by interpersonal factors and that risk tolerance plays a crucial mediating role between financial literacy and investment choices. The findings can be useful for policymakers and financial institutions to enhance investment decentralization in Sri Lanka. However, the study acknowledges its limitations in terms of context-specific findings and potential biases from self-reported data. Future researchers are encouraged to conduct quantitative studies to validate and explore the relationships further.
This study aims to determine and analyze financial performance in terms of the ratio of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loans (NPL), Operating Costs and Operating Income (BOPO), Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Return On Assets (ROA) at PT. Regional Development Bank 2018-2022. The types of data used in this research are quantitative data and qualitative data. The data source used in this study is secondary data, namely data on bank financial ratios: Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loans (NPL), Operating Costs and Operating Income (BOPO), Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Return On Assets (ROA). The data collection method used in this study is a documentary technique. The data analysis technique used in this study uses financial ratio analysis with a quantitative descriptive approach. The results of the research show the financial performance of PT. Regional Development Banks for the 2018-2022 period are measured using CAR, NPL, BOPO, LDR, and ROA ratios in the healthy category.
This paper introduces the necessity for a smart security system for every home and how our product ‘Aditum Connect’ comes with safety features like fire safety alert and break in alert, which deal with the hazards of house fire accidents and the break in possibilities, which can be dangerous at times leading to loss of property and lives. The product ensures maintenance of security and safety of the house at all instances with many accessibility features to avail. The other goal of this project is to provide an easy and convenient method for unlocking the front door by removing the need for the old-fashioned key. The user can now unlock their door through their smartphone or the keypad provided, and also monitor their house through the live monitoring
The widespread of COVID 19 in the kingdom of Bahrain was associated with adverse effects on mentally ill patients and their families. Controlling mentally ill patients during the quarantine is extremely difficult task and keeps home care providers at high rang of continuous stress. This paper aims to study factors affecting caregivers’ anxiety during the pandemic and best used coping strategies. The study is significant to formulate an integral care plan for families and mentally ill member during global outbreaks. A quantitative survey was used, data was collected during psychiatric community nursing visits. Subjects included 182 adult direct care providers. Hamilton Anxiety Scale and a formulated questioner were used. Results showed that care providers suffer different levels of anxiety. Almost half of the caregivers were parents. The majority controlled mentally sick individuals during the pandemic at home by strictly following universal precautions. Yet few depended on seclusion, medications, and close observation and very few used divertive in-door activities. Most care providers managed their own anxiety by praying, few practiced in-door activities, and very few depended on news, and talking to others to relieve their anxiety. Implications involve guidance of health care policy towards a better health care planning for mentally ill patients and family carers during pandemics and disasters and directing formal healthcare system to empower home caregiving by providing psychosocial interventions, enhancing coping strategies and redirecting community resources to help caregivers.
This paper analyzes attitude and motivation that first year secondary school students in Lubumbashi educational subdivision 1 have in learning English. The objective of the study is to identify students' attitude and motivation towards English learning. This study uses a quantitative approach. To collect data, questionnaires have been used and administered to 230 students. As for data analysis, descriptive statistics and content analysis have been employed. The findings show that students have a positive attitude and a high motivation towards English learning.
With the goals of examining how professional competence of internal auditor contribute to effective management of tertiary Institutions, examining how quality of Internal Audit work enhance management of Tertiary Institutions, and examining the extent to which independence of internal audit unit impact management of tertiary institution. This study uses a questionnaire as the instrument for gathering research data in accordance with a descriptive research design. The study investigates the value of a professional auditor in tertiary institution management. The descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA test statistics were used in this study. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the information gathered through the questionnaire. Frequency distribution tables were used to analyze the research questions. Regression analysis was used to test the first and second hypotheses, and an ANOVA test was used to test the third. According to the study, internal auditors must have excellent communication skills in order to successfully carry out their duties. The audit committee is also responsible for safeguarding the independence of internal auditors. Professional competence and skills of auditors can assist stakeholders and provide valuable insight. The study comes to the conclusion that the management of tertiary institutions is not significantly impacted by internal auditors' professional competence. The study suggests that the internal control systems of the institutions need to be strengthened, nurtured, and diligently implemented if they are to perform well financially.
L'un des défis du secteur de la pêche est la perte au niveau de la production et de la commercialisation due aux bactéries. La lutte contre ces bactéries repose sur les antibiotiques et a pour conséquence la résistance multiple des pathogènes aux antibiotiques. Il a été démontré que les phages peuvent être appliqués en aquaculture pour combattre les bactéries pathogènes des poissons. Ainsi, des bactériophages ont été recherchés à partir de l’eau du lac de Sélingué et leur efficacité a été déterminée pour le biocontrôle de Vibrio cholerae, bactérie pathogène isolée de Coptodon zillii du même lac. Ainsi, sur deux cents (200) échantillons de poisson (Coptodon zillii), la flore de bactéries pathogènes a été recherchée. Un bactériophage lytique contre les isolats de Vibrio cholerae a été isolé, multiplié et purifié. L’activité lytique de ce bactériophage a été déterminée en utilisant Vibrio cholerae comme bactérie hôte. Les résultats montrent que, Vibrio cholerae isolée de Coptodon zillii utilisée pour la multiplication du vibriophage a permis d’obtenir un titre de la solution phagique de 1,9 108 UFP/ml. L’utilisation du vibriophage isolé dans le contrôle de la croissance des isolats de Vibrio a entraîné une diminution jusqu'au minimum de la concentration bactérienne dans les co-cultures Vibrio et phage lytique isolés par rapport au témoin sans phage après 60 minutes d’incubation. L’étude a révélé que le vibriophage isolé est un phage lytique à gamme d'hôtes étroite, de faible temps de latence et à une forte activité lytique contre Vibrio cholerae. Cette étude pourrait constituer une base pour l’application des phages pour le biocontrôle des infections à Vibrio en pisciculture au Mali.
Cet article contenant quatre études des cas présente le niveau conceptuel de la méthode MERISE dans sa démarche ascendante pour la modélisation de données d'un système d'information.
ABTRACT Avocado pear (Persea Americana) seed is considered as one of the non- edible part of the fruit and as such is discarded as a waste. This present study is investigating dietary and therapeutic potential of avocado pear seed .Phytochemical and proximate analysis reveals the presence of nutrients, tannin ,oxalate phytic and alkaloids. Antimicrobial assessment using disk- diffusion method indicates that avocado seed extract has antibacterial activity against salmonela A and B and Salmonela Aaureus though at a lower concentration. KEY WORD: Persea Americana, antibacterial activity, Phytochemical, anti-nutrients, Disk diffusion.
In this paper, we analyzed the Ebola virus endemic model with treatment in the presence of two infectious or infective compartments, the model allows for some infected individuals and infectious deceased individual to move from treatment compartment to recovery compartment. We prove that the propose mathematical model is biological and meaningfully well-posed. We also compute the basic reproduction number via next generation method. Stability analysis of the disease-free equilibrium, endemic equilibrium and global stability of Ebola virus free equilibrium has being establishes. Furthermore, the model analysis shows that the disease-free steady state is locally stable when the threshold parameter reproduction number is less than unity. Keywords: Ebola virus, mathematical model, basic reproduction number, stability analysis, Control Parameters.
This study aims to find out, test, and analyze: (1) The influence of Capital Adequacy Ratio (Car), Net Performing Loan (NPL), Ratio BOPO, And Net Interest Margin (NIM) Against Loan Deposit Ratio (LDR) At North Konawe Bahteramas People's Credit Bank; (2) Capital Influence Adequacy Ratio (CAR) to Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) PD. BPR Bahteramas North Konawe; (3) Effect of Net Performing Loans (NPL) on Loans to Deposits Ratio (LDR) PD. BPR Bahteramas North Konawe; (4) Effect of BOPO on Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) PD. BPR Bahteramas North Konawe; (5) Net Influence Interest Margin (NIM) against Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) PD. BPR Bahteramas North Konawe. Data analysis method used in this research is descriptive and uses inferential statistics, namely Multiple Linear Regression Analysis using SPSS 26 application. The results showed that: (1) CAR, NPL, BOPO, and NIM simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on LDR in PD. Bahteramas North Konawe means that if the CAR, NPL, BOPO, and NIM ratios are maintained healthily, then the intermediation function of the bank as reflected in the LDR ratio will also be healthy; while partially (2) CAR has a positive and significant effect on LDR in PD. BPR Bahteramas North Konawe means adequacy capital contributes to BPR credit growth; (3) NPL has an effect positive and not significant to LDR PD. BPR Bahteramas North Konawe meaning that the NPL describes ineffective lending to BPRs so that credit grows because other factors encourage LDR growth; (4) BOPO negative and not significant effect on LDR PD. BPR Bahteramas North Konawe means that the increase in costs will reduce the bank's ability in extending credit because the interest earned is not used to encourage the growth of productive assets; (5) NIM has a negative and no effect significantly on LDR in PD. BPR Bahteramas North Konawe means an increase in NIM does not contribute either to credit distribution or to the costs of BPR operations.
Background: In Saudi Arabia, chronic disease is on the rise, accounting for roughly 73 percent of all premature deaths in 2020. The importance of lifestyle factors in preventing chronic diseases has been a cause of considerable concern. Objectives: To evaluate lifestyle and its determinants among adults in Saudi Arabia, in 2021/2022. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that used a non-probability quota sampling technique to obtain data from 285 Saudi men and women who were 18 years and above. SPSS was used to evaluate the data. A p value of less than 0.05 was deemed significant. Results: Majority of males were overweight (43%) and did not participate in any physical exercise, while majority of females were normal weight (57%) and walked regularly. Majority of people aged 18-30 and 50-80 years, sleep 8 hours or less a day, whereas the majority of people in the age group 30-50 sleep 7 hours or less. The Relationship between Gender and Physical activity is not statistically significant (P-Value: - 0.244), the Relationship between Age and Physical activity is not statistically significant (P-Value:- 0.902), the Relationship between Education and Physical activity is not statistically significant (P-Value: - 0.194), the Relationship between Gender and Sleep pattern is not statistically significant (P-Value: - 0.146), the Relationship between Age and Sleep pattern is not statistically significant (P-Value: - 0.734), the relationship between Gender and BMI is not statistically significant (P Value: - 0.286) Conclusion: In addition to sleep, sedentary behavior is a risk factor for chronic diseases, which are a leading cause of death in Saudi Arabia.
Les entreprises africaines sont calquées sur le modèle occidental alors que la culture africaine est différente de celle de l’occident. Cela fait que les facteurs socio-culturel de l’Afrique en général et ceux de la République Démocratique du Congo influence la tenue de la comptabilité. Or, le rouage fondamental de la vie économique d’une nation, l’entreprise est à la fois une unité de production, centre de distribution et une communauté de personnes. Elle assure donc un rôle économique et un rôle social. Elle apparaît donc comme un système à finalité complexe. La comptabilité dans notre nation doit être tenue dans le strict respect des conventions et postulats en vigueur dans l’espace OHADA. Après analyse, nous avons remarqué des implications fâcheuses de ces aspects socioculturels dans les activités des opérateurs économiques de la Province du Maniema en République Démocratique du Congo.
Introduction: The molecular classification of breast cancer is based on gene (molecular) expression profile studies and then on the protein profile. It helps to define the different types of breast cancer and to achieve their proper management. Methods: This is a descriptive study with a retrospective collection of 313 patients with invasive breast carcinoma diagnosed within the Pathology Department CHU ORAN. A histological, immunohistochemical and sometimes in situ hybridization study was carried out. Results: 65.5% for luminal carcinomas, 22% for triple negative carcinomas and 12.5% for the over-expressing HER2 group. Luminal carcinomas are subdivided according to the rate of KI67 (cut off 14%) in luminal A in 59% and luminal B in 41% of cases. In our series the Negative Triple Breast Carcinomas have a pejorative prognosis compared to hormone-sensitive tumors or with overexpression of HER2. Conclusion: The molecular classification of breast cancers in our series confirmed that morphological analysis remains very important, and that there is no prognostic information more important than the validated anatomical-clinical and immunohistochemical factors. Keywords: Breast Cancer, Histoprognostic Factors, Immunohistochemistry, Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, HER2, Ki67.
The abundant rainfall experienced by the city-province of Kinshasa, with climate change and intense heat are the subject of natural disasters and loss of human life. This study of the redevelopment of agglomerations in aqueous environments in the face of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is one of the solutions to national challenges and a priority for the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure. It is in order to improve the living conditions of the residents of the aqueous environment of the City of Kinshasa in particular, of Africans in general and because of the protection of the ecosystem. Well-being is also one of the development engines of any nation, because good health is the first wealth that an individual has. This problem of habitat degradation is attracting the attention of researchers, scientists, whose architects, town planners, landscape architects and environmentalists make it a concern in the world to offer an appropriate housing meeting standards by the interface between a human and his shelters, shelters and his environment. Our objective is to contribute to the integral development and ensure the good vital condition recommended by the 11th objective of Sustainable Development, by the construction of social housing and ecological cities or garden cities. This article will be accompanied by some sketches of a typical case of one of the areas of Kinshasa – DR Congo. The general considerations and conceptions converge towards the technical specifications of the said study which will lead to a clarification of its exhaustive extension of common interest of community development and innovation of society.
This literature review explores the significance of disability counseling competency for counseling professionals in delivering effective and ethical services to clients from diverse backgrounds. It focuses on case management and service delivery for BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, and People of Color) individuals with disabilities. The article examines the challenges in providing counseling and the theoretical frameworks that guide best practices in this field. The review concludes by offering recommendations for enhancing multicultural competence in counseling practice based on the existing literature on this topic. Keywords: multicultural competency, counseling, BIPOC, disabilities, case management, service delivery, theoretical frameworks.
Web services are widely used in online applications today, offering a means for applications to interact with online services provided by servers. However, their popularity also makes them vulnerable to attacks, with injection attacks being the most common and concerning threat. Injected malicious code can alter the expected behavior of web services, potentially exposing sensitive information. Existing tools for testing web service security have limitations, either testing known vulnerabilities or requiring manual testing, which is time-consuming and resource-intensive. In this research, we conduct a comprehensive literature review of testing methodologies, analyze existing tools, and propose a proof of concept for testing web services using Genetic Algorithms (GA) for test data generation. The proposed automated testing tool is evaluated on different web services and test case scenarios to determine its success rate.
This study compared the seasonal-based isotropic and anisotropic models for mounting a solar panel in Anambra and Enugu State, both in South-Eastern Nigeria. The calculations were based on the monthly mean daily global solar radiation data of 10 years (January 2005 to December 2014). The annual optimum tilt angles for Anambra State (6°08'24"N, 6°46'48"E) and Enugu State (6°27'35.87"N, 7°32'56.22"E) were 11.9929° and 11.8053° respectively. When considering the seasonal-based optimum tilt angle for Anambra – making use of an isotropic model, the angle for the dry season was 21.8610° while that the rainy season was zero (0) degree. Again, making use of anisotropic model, the optimum tilt angle for the dry season gave 26.1110° while that of the rainy season still remained zero degrees. Similarly, making use of the isotropic model for Enugu, the optimum tilt angles for dry season and rainy season were 21.5090° and zero (0) degrees respectively. Whereas the anisotropic model gave 25.7120° for dry season and zero (0) degrees for the rainy season. All the correlation coefficients obtained by comparing isotropic models with anisotropic models were greater than 0.9, indicating a strong correlation between the models. As a result, there is no significant difference in the energy/Optimum tilt angle generated using any of the models. The percentage loss in the amount of annually collected energy using the isotropic model instead of the anisotropic model was 0.4557%. The prediction with the Badescu model less agreed with those of other models in both states.
Le ciment, objet a priori banal, prisé des spécialités de bâtiments cache en toile de fond une controverse ; mieux le malaise autour du phénomène de ciment relève d’une construction sociale des acteurs sociopolitique camerounais. Relégué au second plan des études politologique, sa grande utilité et son intégration comme « produit de première nécessité » dans la construction des infrastructures l’érigent en objet cristallisant l’attention des pouvoirs publics et celle des consommateurs. Un intérêt qui trouve son origine dans sa constance pénurie et l’inflation galopante de ses prix sur le marché camerounais. Ce travail envisage de retracer la trajectoire par laquelle ce matériau de construction passe d’un phénomène social à un problème public voire politique. Sur la base de l’entretien semi- directif et de la technique documentaire, cette étude reconstitue le processus de l’émergence de ce problème public et son intégration à l’agenda permanant du gouvernement en s’appuyant sur les acquis de l’approche constructiviste des problèmes publics.
The aim of this study is to use electrical resistivity i.e (VES and Wenner profiling),and Physico-chemical in groundwater pollution at a closed or an open dumpsite located in part of Federal Capital Territory (FCT)Abuja, Nigeria. These methods have been useful in the determination of the geological structures, layers and depths of the aquifer. Three major subsurface layers were delineated these include the topsoil, weathered and fresh basement. A total of 10 VES were modeled in the areas. The results revealed that H-type curve was predominately in these location with one A-type curve in Zuba dumpsite .A low resistivity value <100 Ωm was observed all through the weathered basement which is the aquiferious zone within the study area. The resistivity of these zone varies 15.3Ωm to 96.2Ωm while the thickness of these zone varies from 4.5m to 14.3m. depth of these zone 6.5m to 15.8m The 2D Wenner profiling reveals the lateral and vertical variation of the subsurface strata with the resistivity of high conductive zone value ranging from 1.6Ωm to 55Ωm i.e (< 100Ωm)with depth < 10m. Physio-chemical analysis was useful in correlating. Water sample analysis which includes surface water and borehole within the study this reveals that most of the water sample has high EC, TDS and the presences of heavy metals like Pb which is a above WHO standard for groundwater, which could be as result of possible migration and infiltration of leachate plumes resulting to groundwater the contamination.
The definition of Art bares within itself inherent complexities; as such, it is multifaceted and diverse. There exist numerous postulations, assumptions, thought processes, and conceptualizations of the term. Art however takes various forms and defines the foundation of all human endeavour. Hence, definitions can be coined from philosophical, scholarly, and artistic perspectives. Such has been the case throughout history. To my mind, art evokes the creative, emotional, and intellectual dimensions of beauty, much of which provides the narrative for societal values, and social wellness. The city of Chicago is diverse and multifaceted. The windy city is arguably one of the most populous cities in the United States. It was founded by Jean Baptiste Point du Sable, a Haitian-French fur trader, and the first permanent non-indigenous settler at the time. The diversity of the city of Chicago is due to numerous factors ranging from geographical locations, history, immigration patterns, and social economic development. Lillstreet Art Center is an art school, art gallery, and also studio space in the city of Chicago. The center located in Ravenswood’s lively Malt-Row district has helped to further enrich not just the Ravenswood community but the entirety of the city of Chicago at large; stimulating and enabling social wellness for all the inhabitants of the city of Chicago. Hence, the author will establish an appraisal of the meaning of art and social wellness in the city of Chicago, using Lillstreet Art Center as the springboard for analysis.
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