Volume 13, Issue 6, June 2025 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

[1]  [2]  [3]  [4]  [5]  [6]

THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS (HEI). []


This report aims to examine the impact of digital transformation on HR practices in higher education institutions in the Sultanate of Oman, highlighting two universities. This study reviews the impact of the implementation of digital technologies on the basic processes of Human Resources Management. The extent of the impact of digital accession and its tools the research focuses on the extent of the impact of digital accession and its tools on various human resources in the two institutions during the data collection questionnaire to understand the digital transformation results the challenges and benefits are concluded with recommendations on the effectiveness of digital integration in academic institutions in human resources.

Exploring the Role of Education in Shaping Tourist Awareness and Participation in Sustainable Tourism Practices []


Sustainable tourism has arisen as a strategic method for reconciling economic growth with environmental protection and the safeguarding of cultural assets. This research examines the influence of education on visitor knowledge and engagement in sustainable tourism practices in Ilesa township, Osun State, Nigeria. The study acknowledges that education is a powerful tool for shaping behaviour and fostering responsible tourism. The study used a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews. The qualitative survey involves administering a questionnaire to 200 local inhabitants, while 15 respondents (tourism operators and educational stakeholders) are intentionally chosen for qualitative interviews. The research assesses tourist awareness levels, the impact of education, the effectiveness of educational initiatives, and the associated challenges. Results reveal that around 24% of participants exhibited complete understanding of fundamental sustainable tourism concepts. A Pearson correlation value of 0.16 indicates a slight positive link between educational attainment and awareness of sustainable tourism. Social media campaigns emerged as the most endorsed instructional technique, favouring 13.0% of participants. Thematic analysis of qualitative data highlights the strategic importance of radio programs, educational curricula, and digital media for promoting sustainable tourism practices. The research finds that both formal and informal teaching venues substantially affect visitor involvement with sustainability. It advocates for the augmentation of interactive social media initiatives; the incorporation of sustainability themes into educational programs; and the establishment of robust collaborations among government entities, tourist organisations, and educational institutions to improve sustainable tourism results. Keywords: Education, tourist awareness, tourist participation, sustainable tourism, environmental responsibility

Phishing and Social Engineering in Nigeria's Telecom Sector: Emerging Threats and Strategic Responses []


This article examines the growing threat of phishing and social engineering attacks within Nigeria’s telecommunications sector, a vital component of the nation’s digital infrastructure. As cybercriminals exploit human vulnerabilities and technological gaps, the impact on telecom operators and subscribers has intensified—resulting in financial losses, identity theft, and eroded consumer trust. The study explores the current threat landscape, assesses the effectiveness and limitations of existing mitigation strategies, and outlines the socio-technical implications of these cyber threats. Drawing on regulatory, institutional, and technological perspectives, the article offers strategic recommendations for improving cybersecurity resilience, including interagency collaboration, enhanced public awareness, legislative reform, and infrastructure upgrades. By addressing these critical challenges, Nigeria can foster a more secure digital environment and strengthen the integrity of its rapidly expanding telecom sector.

THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION IN OMANTEL - A CASE STUDY OF OMANTEL []


This study analyzes how artificial intelligence (AI) technologies influence the recruitment and selection processes in Omantel. With companies adopting AI systems into their hiring workflows, understanding the implications for efficiency, experience, and effectiveness becomes increasingly important. This study seeks to assess the impact of AI on recruitment at Omantel by exploring its benefits and challenges. The researchers conduct qualitative interview with key stakeholders in the company to understand how AI has impacted the processes of attracting and selecting appropriate candidates. The primary focus of the analysis includes technological enhancement of decision-making and bias mitigation alongside some level of dependency on technology as a contrary theme. Recommendations on how AI could be optimally used in recruitment to benefit Omantel’s technology-driven strategies will be overcome by human considerations in talent acquisition.

Assessing the impact of Multimedia Tools in Teaching and Learning of ICT in Schools in the Sefwi Wiawso Municipality, Western North Region, Ghana. []


Multimedia methods seem to develop the interest and understanding of students, especially on topics that employ a great deal of multimedia elements (Khan & Bhashani, 2020). The goal of the study is to examine the effects of multimedia technologies on instruction and learning in terms of student engagement and performance. This will inspire educators across all subject areas to add multimedia technologies to their lessons.

Molecular Docking and Inhibitory Activities of Rhamnus purshiana against Hemorrhoid []


This study investigates the molecular docking and inhibitory activities of 42 phytochemicals extracted from Rhamnus purshiana (cascara sagrada) against targets associated with hemorrhoid treatment, compared to the standard drug hydrocortisone. Utilizing advanced molecular docking techniques, the binding affinities was evaluated and interaction profiles of these phytochemicals with the receptor 4Y0Q were considered. Docking scores, inhibition constants (Ki), and binding affinities (ΔG) were calculated to assess the strength and stability of the ligand-receptor interactions. Key phytochemicals demonstrated significant binding affinities and inhibition constants and performed better than the standard drug. For instance, Quercitrin exhibited the highest binding affinity with a ΔG of -8.3 kcal/mol and a Ki of 0.83 µM, compared to hydrocortisone's ΔG of -7.4 kcal/mol and Ki of 3.78 µM. Other potent phytochemicals included Emodin (ΔG: -7.8 kcal/mol, Ki: 1.93 µM), Rhamazin (ΔG: -7.8 kcal/mol, Ki: 1.93 µM), and Chrysophanol-emodin-dianthrone (ΔG: -7.4 kcal/mol, Ki: 3.78 µM). Detailed analysis revealed that these phytochemicals form stable hydrogen bonds and engage in electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions with critical residues in the receptor's active site. For example, Quercitrin interacts with MET-107, LYS-9, and LEU-39, while Emodin forms bonds with TYR-20, GLU-157, and HIS-161. ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) properties of the top candidates were also analyzed, indicating favorable pharmacokinetic profiles. The findings suggest that the phytochemicals from Rhamnus purshiana, particularly Quercitrin, Emodin, and Rhamazin, possess potent inhibitory activities and could serve as promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of hemorrhoids. These phytochemicals exhibited stronger binding affinities and lower inhibition constants compared to the standard drug hydrocortisone. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are recommended to validate these results and explore their clinical potential.

Digital Displacement or Human Enhancement? Jobs in Restaurants and Hospitality in the Era of Generative AI []


The rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping the restaurant and hospitality industries, raising critical questions about the future of human labor in traditionally people-centered professions. This study explores whether generative AI will lead to digital displacement—automating and eliminating jobs—or serve as a tool for human enhancement by augmenting existing roles and creating new opportunities. Using a mixed-methods approach involving surveys, interviews, and case studies across multiple hospitality settings, the research reveals a nuanced reality. While AI is increasingly adopted for tasks such as menu generation, customer service automation, and marketing content creation, its primary effect is role transformation rather than replacement. Employees are shifting toward tech-enabled, emotionally intelligent responsibilities, while businesses report improved efficiency, customer satisfaction, and operational consistency. The findings underscore the importance of human-AI collaboration, ongoing workforce upskilling, and ethical deployment to preserve the human essence of hospitality. This paper concludes that generative AI, when implemented thoughtfully, enhances rather than threatens the future of work in restaurants and hospitality. Keywords: Generative AI, Hospitality Industry, Job Transformation, Digital Displacement, Human Enhancement, Restaurants, Workforce Augmentation, AI in Service Sector

Harmonizing Data Protection in East Africa: A Comparative Analysis and Policy Recommendations []


This paper provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of data protection frameworks within the East African Community (EAC). It examines the national data protection laws, enforcement mechanisms, and cross-border data flow mechanisms in each of the EAC Partner States, including Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania, Burundi, Somalia, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and South Sudan. The study identifies key gaps and challenges in the current legal landscape and proposes actionable recommendations for harmonizing data protection laws, strengthening regulatory institutions, and enhancing regional cooperation. The analysis also draws from international best practices, including the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the African Union's Malabo Convention, to provide insights into potential solutions for improving data governance in East Africa.

Mitigation of Endosulfan I concentration in aqueous solution using a low-cost adsorbent obtained from a moringa oleifera pods modified with iron oxide nanoparticles []


In the current study, magnetic moringa oleifera pod biochar (MMB) was prepared by ultrasonic-assisted impregnation and pyrolysis, and Fe3O4 was utilized to activate the material to obtain adsorption, in order to maximize the utilization of moringa pod (MOP) resources and improve the removal method of endosulfan I in solution. . Batch adsorption method was used, and effect of various parameters such as contact time, pH, metal concentration and adsorbent dosage was determined on the removal efficiency. Maximum endosulfan I adsorption was shown to occur at pH 3 with an adsorbent dosage of 1.0 g.L-1. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations were used to analyse the equilibrium isotherm data. The adsorption process fit the second-order kinetics, and the Langmuir isotherm equation fit the experimental data well.

Regulatory Dynamics of miR-369-3p in Carcinogenesis: A Molecular and Mathematical Investigation toward Therapeutic Targeting []


miR-369-3p, a small non-coding RNA, has emerged as a potent tumor suppressor across multiple cancer types, notably hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), endometrioid adenocarcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, and gastric cancer. It exerts anti-proliferative, antimigratory, and anti-invasive effects by downregulating critical oncogenes such as SOX4, TCF4, and TSPAN13. These molecular interactions position miR-369-3p as a master regulator of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), Wnt/𝛽-catenin signaling, and metastasis modulation. In this study, we integrate molecular evidence with a mathematical modelling framework to investigate the feedback dynamics between miR-369-3p expression and oncogene activity. Our proposed system of differential equations captures the interplay between miRNA regulation, target gene expression, and tumor cell proliferation, offering predictive insights into the therapeutic potential of restoring miR369-3p levels. We further correlate clinical data indicating that reduced miR-369-3p expression is significantly associated with poor prognosis, increased metastatic potential, and treatment resistance. This convergence of molecular biology, computational modelling, and clinical relevance underscores the miR-369-3p/SOX4 axis as a promising target for precision oncology and highlights miR-369-3p as both a biomarker and a therapeutic agent. Our findings advocate for translational research initiatives that combine synthetic miRNA mimics, gene editing approaches, and network-based simulations to optimize cancer therapy strategies

Efficacy of Metal-Based Antimicrobial Compounds for the Treatment of Bacterial Pathogens in Northeastern Nigeria: A Comprehensive Review []


The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) highlights the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies to tackle this global health challenge. Emerging as a promising and rapidly advancing class of agents are metal-based antimicrobial compounds (MBACs), which exploit the inherent biocidal properties of metal ions. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of the efficacy of MBACs, closely analyzes their mechanisms of action, their effectiveness against clinically relevant pathogens—including multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains—current clinical uses, and notable limitations, such as toxicity and the potential to induce resistance. Additionally, this review highlights significant developments in nanotechnology—particularly, metal nanoparticles—as well as the synthesis of metal complexes, including those combined with antibiotics and organic ligands. The discussion also includes innovative delivery methods aimed at enhancing MBACs' potency and selectivity. Despite many challenges—especially concerning systematic toxicity and environmental impact—MBACs remain a potent, broad-spectrum alternative with potential resistance-breaking capabilities. Therefore, they are poised to play a crucial role in future strategies for combating antimicrobial resistance. Keywords: Metal-based antimicrobial compounds (MBACs), Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, Metal nanoparticles, Metal complexes, Nanotechnology

Analyzing Neonatal Survival Trends in Kenya Using Survival and Hazard Functions []


This study paper aims to model and establish the survival probabilities and hazard rates of neonates using the survival and hazard functions respectively. Neonatal mortality is defined as death of newborns within the first month of life. Despite advances in neonatal care, neonatal mortality remains a significant public health challenge in many low- and middle-income countries making the Sustainable Development Goal 3 difficult to attain by the year 2030.In Kenya the rate has been declining and increasing over the years, indicating much uncertainty in the achievement of this SDG goal of 12 deaths per1000 livebirths by 2030 (KDHS,2022). The study will help researchers and policy makers on understanding the trends and distribution of neonates risks in Kenya and help strengthen health systems and improve data collection. It will also enhance allocation of resources for newborn care services effectively which will translate to increase survival of newborns.

TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT(TPD) AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NEW LOWER SECONDARY CURRICULUM (NLSC) IN SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN UGANDA []


Teacher Professional Development (TPD) is universally recognized as a critical factor in the successful implementation of educational curriculum. The overall objective of this study was to examine the relationship between TPD and the implementation of the NLSC in selected secondary schools in Uganda. Specifically, the study aimed to: examine the relationship between teacher training and the use of curriculum materials in teaching the NLSC; identify the stakeholders involved in providing training to teachers on the NLSC; evaluate the benefits of teacher training in enhancing curriculum implementation; and explore the challenges teachers face in implementing the NLSC. This study employed a cross-sectional research design with a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative and qualitative data. Participants included teachers delivering lessons under the NLSC and head teachers overseeing its implementation. A total of 12 secondary schools were randomly selected from the eastern region of Uganda, with 60 teachers completing a semi-structured questionnaire and 12 head teachers participating in Key Informant interviews (KIIs). Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The study found a significant relationship between teacher training and the use of the teacher's guide for the NLSC (χ² = 5.336, P = 0.021). Teachers who had received training were significantly more likely to use the teacher’s guide (72.9%) compared to those who were not trained (36.4%). Similarly, a significant relationship was observed between teacher training and the use of the NCDC prototype teacher's guide (χ² = 6.339, P = 0.012). The primary stakeholders providing training to teachers on the NLSC included schools (72.2%), fellow teachers (66.7%), and the Ministry of Education and Sports (46.8%), with education development partners being the least involved (25.5%). In addition, 74.5% of the teachers surveyed perceived the training they received as beneficial in improving their ability to implement the curriculum. The biggest challenge identified was the inadequacy of learning materials (71.7%). In conclusion, the findings of this study highlight the critical role of TPD in the successful implementation of the NLSC in Uganda. It is recommended that Ministry of Education and Sports (MoES) should provide continuous and comprehensive training to ensure that all teachers are adequately equipped to implement the NLSC. In addition, the MoES and NCDC should prioritize the timely provision of adequate learner’s books, teacher’s guides, and other essential teaching materials to schools.

Influence of Flood on Building Site Selection in Yenagoa Metropolis []


Flooding is a global phenomenon that pose a threat to humanity. Building site layouts are usually affected in flood prone areas. This study therefore aims at investigating the influence of flooding on building site selection in Yenagoa metropolis. The survey research approach was used in the study and the study population was household heads, property owners, tenants, and built industry professional. Primary and secondary data combination were used utilizing random sampling techniques. Taro Yamane method was adopted in sample size determination giving 400. Thereafter, the proportional allocation method was applied in distributing the sampled population into ten strata covered by the study. 400 copies of questionnaire were administered but 329 copies retrieved. The analysis used both descriptive and differential statistics. The study has shown that flooding varies in the ten communities influencing building site selection. The study also showed that the p-value (0.000) is less than the critical level of alpha (0.05), hence there is a statistically significant variation in the influence of flooding on building site selection in different locations in Yenagoa. Based on this, the study recommends that government should ensure that building developers comply with building on areas mapped out of designated flood prone zones. In addition to adherence to planning codes on building regulations. Keywords: Flooding, Building, Urban City, Site, Selection, Nigeria

QUANTIFYING SOIL POLLUTION FROM ARTISANAL AND SMALL-SCALE MINING: HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS, ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT, AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS IN BALI L.G.A, TARABA STATE, NIGERIA []


Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) has increasingly been associated with elevated levels of heavy metal contamination in mining regions across Nigeria. This study investigates the concentrations of nine heavy metals; cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) in surface soil samples collected from two ASM sites, Langalanga and Maibokati, as well as a control site in Bali Local Government Area (LGA), Taraba State, Nigeria. A total of 27 soil samples (nine per site) were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) following standard acid digestion procedures by APHA 2012 guidelines. Results showed that metal concentrations were significantly higher at the mining sites compared to the control, with several exceeding the WHO and NSW Water Quality permissible limits. Notably, lead (Pb) concentrations in Langalanga and Maibokati were 0.0700 ppm and 0.0245 ppm, respectively, representing increases of 8650% and 2062.5% above the control (0.0008 ppm) and exceeding the WHO/NSDWQ threshold of 0.0100 ppm. Similarly, iron (Fe) levels reached 1.2056 ppm in Langalanga and 1.4901 ppm in Maibokati, equating to increases of 2868.2% and 3570.7% over the control (0.0406 ppm), and far surpassing the permissible limit of 0.3000 ppm. Manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn) also showed elevated levels, with Mn in Langalanga reaching 0.2950 ppm, 4430.8% above the control value of 0.0065 ppm. Cadmium (Cd), which was undetected in the control, showed detectable levels in Langalanga (−0.0206 ppm) and Maibokati (0.0013 ppm), with the latter exceeding WHO/NSDWQ limits. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and contamination factor (CF) values confirmed moderate to very high contamination, especially for Pb, Fe, and Mn. The study stresses the urgent need for environmental risk assessment, policy intervention, and enforcement of sustainable mining practices to prevent further ecological degradation in ASM-dominated regions of Taraba State and beyond. Keywords: Artisanal mining, soil contamination, heavy metals, Bali LGA, ecological risk, Nigeria, policy.

Audit Fees and Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria []


This study investigates the impact of audit fees on the financial performance of listed Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria using regression analysis, correlation analysis, and descriptive statistics. The study adopted the Ex-post facto research design to analyse the data under E-views 10. The dependent variable is financial performance measured with return on asset, return on equity and earnings power, while the independent variable is audit fee. Data was extracted from the Nigerian Stock Exchange and the annual reports of these banks spanning a period of 7 years (2017-2023). This study's findings reveal that audit fees have a positive and significant relationship with return on equity, but a negative relationship with return on assets and earnings power. The study recommends that banks should allocate audit resources based on the areas that maximize shareholders’ value, such as those directly enhancing ROE, which will involve focusing audit efforts on aspects that bolster equity returns while ensuring essential compliance is maintained.

Microbiology Corrosion Metabolism in Oil Field []


Corrosion of metals frequently occurs in various settings, leading to the degradation of engineered materials. This phenomenon often causes financial losses and poses risks to personal safety. Due to the abundance of microbial species and the increasingly complex and demanding environments in which metallic materials are used, microbial corrosion is closely linked to both the environment and the microbial species, which as a result, microbial corrosion faces numerous challenges. In addition, the process of microbial corrosion is incredibly complicated thus requires additional research. One of the primary causes of biocorrosion, which destroys oil facilities such as storage tanks, pipelines, separators and wells, is bacteria. Because iron- and sulfate-reducing bacteria can be resistant to a wide range of chemicals, several companies and researchers are working to develop a new way to eradicate the microorganisms. This paper discusses the metabolism of corroded metals by iron and sulfate-reducing bacteria. It also discusses methods for monitoring sulfate-reducing bacteria in a system, including laboratory identification and enumeration procedures. Finally, some biocide considerations are presented.