Volume 11, Issue 11, November 2023 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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LA DECENTRALISATION A L’EPREUVE DE LA DESTABILISATION DES INSTITUTIONS PROVINCIALES EN RDC. (Cas de la province du haut-Lomami) []


Après avoir longtemps effleuré l’idée de décentralisation, la République démocratique du Congo a franchi le pas : la constitution qui a créé en 2006 la IIIème République instaure un système institutionnel ou les régions se voient attribuer un rôle pivot dans l’administration du territoire. La décentralisation devient un principe constitutionnel et les articles relatifs aux régions et à leur champ de compétence traduisent un régionalisme volontariste. Mais pour comprendre cette décentralisation, il importe d’aller au-delà du texte et de la replacer dans son contexte de court et long termes. Elle devient alors plus ambiguë, voire change complètement de sens au point qu’on peut se demander si cette décentralisation n’est pas, en réalité, une recentralisation. De ce fait, bien que les compétences des provinces forment un inventaire hétéroclite et qu’elles disposent de l’autonomie budgétaire, leurs pouvoirs effectifs actuels, ainsi que ceux des autres entités territoriales décentralisées apparaissent dans la pratique comme une antithèse de ce qui est sur le papier. A rebours de la décentralisation, les collectivités décentralisées congolaises sont entrain de jouir de non pas plus mais moins de pouvoirs à l’aune de l’écart entre droit et réalité.

CIRCULATION AND FIRE SAFETY IN ULTRA MODERN MARKET DESIGN. []


A busy place such as a market is one to consider circulation for as movement in a facility is continuous whenever it is in use. One would want to also want to pay attention to fire safety as well because it is part of the primary consideration to protect life and properties. Fire safety and movement in an ultra modern market is a quintessential priority as in the case of fire emergency, the means of circulation provided will aid egress and may determine a level of safety that will be attained. Data collections were achieved through studies from different publications and a case study. Ultra modern markets in Nigeria are still evolving as there are not many to lay hold on. The way to handle cases of circulation and fire safety are careful considerations from design standards and process which would be carefully implemented during construction. Proper measures should also be put in place to supervise the fire safety, ensuring that they are all in place. Keyword- Market, circulation, fire safety.

Factors that Influenced the Course Preferences of Senior High School: Basis for Career Guidance []


ABSTRACT In recent years, the importance of career guidance for senior high school students has gained significant attention. This study examined the factors that influenced the course preferences among senior high school students, including personal interest, parental influence, and support systems. Using a descriptive survey design, quantitative data was collected from 174 Grade 11 students from Southern de Oro Philippines College through random sampling. A checklist questionnaire was administered as the research instrument. The collected responses were then tallied, computed, and analyzed using statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, valid percent, and cumulative percent to determine the profile of the respondents and the factors influencing their course preferences. The findings highlight the importance of personal interest, parental influence, and support systems in shaping students' course preferences. Recommendations include implementing comprehensive career guidance programs, training counselors and coaches, collaborating with public employment service offices (PESO) and professionals, involving parents and family in career discussions, engaging community organizations, and seeking support from government agencies and policymakers to enhance career guidance services and opportunities for students. Keywords: course preference, career guidance, career path

TOPIC : BREAST CANCER []


Abstract:Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide with more than 2 million new cases in 2020.Its incidence and death rates have increased over the last three decades due to the change in risk factor profiles, better cancer registration, and cancer detection.The number of risk factors of BC is significant and includes both the modifiable factors and non-modifiable factors. Currently, about 80% of patients with BC are individuals aged >50.Survival depends on both stage and molecular subtype.Invasive BCs comprise wide spectrum tumors that show a variation concerning their clinical presentation, behavior, and morphology.Based on mRNA gene expression levels, BC can be divided into molecular subtypes (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched, and basal-like).The molecular subtypes provide insights into new treatment strategies and patient stratifications that impact the management of BC patients.The eighth edition of TNM classification outlines a new staging system for BC that, in addition to anatomical features, acknowledges biological factors.Treatment of breast cancer is complex and involves a combination of different modalities including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or biological therapies delivered in diverse sequences.Body fatness is a dynamic exposure throughout life.To provide more insight into the association between body mass index (BMI) and postmenopausal breast cancer, we aimed to examine the age at onset, duration, intensity, and trajectories of body fatness in adulthood in relation to risk of breast cancer subtypes.Based on self-reported anthropometry in the prospective Norwegian Women and Cancer Study, we calculated the age at onset, duration, and intensity of overweight and obesity using linear mixed-effects models.BMI trajectories in adulthood were modeled using group-based trajectory modeling.We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (Cis) for the associations between BMI exposures and breast cancer subtypes in 148,866 postmenopausal women.Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are reactive metabolites intrinsically linked with modern dietary patterns.Processed foods, and those high in sugar, protein and fat, often contain high levels of AGEs.Increased AGE levels are associated with increased breast cancer risk, however their significance has been largely overlooked due to a lack of direct cause-and-effect relationship.Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to assess cellular proliferation and stromal fibroblast and macrophage recruitment.The Kruskal–Wallis test were used to compare continuous outcomes among groups.Mammary epithelial cell migration and invasion in response to AGE-mediated fibroblast activation was determined in two-compartment co-culture models.In vitro experiments were performed in triplicate.The nonparametric Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare differences between groups.Deep learning analysis of radiological images has the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy of breast cancer, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes.This paper systematically reviewed the current literature on deep learning detection of breast cancer based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).The literature search was performed from 2015 to Dec 31, 2022, using Pubmed. Other database included Semantic Scholar, ACM Digital Library, Google search, Google Scholar, and pre-print depositories (such as Research Square).Articles that were not deep learning (such as texture analysis) were excluded.PRISMA guidelines for reporting were used.We analyzed different deep learning algorithms, methods of analysis, experimental design, MRI image types, types of ground truths, sample sizes, numbers of benign and malignant lesions, and performance in the literature.

Effect of Internal Audit on the Performance of Business Organization in Ekiti, State, Nigeria []


Internal audit has become a vital process in the smooth and fair running of an organization as it entails a systematic and independent investigation of records, financial statements and business operations and performances. In this study, the effect of internal audit on the business organization performance in Ekiti State, Nigeria is examined. The specific objectives are to assess the independence of internal audit department and examine their level of competence. Also, the effect of size of internal audit department on the performance of business organization was evaluated. Probabilistic sampling technique was adopted and one hundred and twenty (120) copies of close-ended questionnaire were self-distributed to respondents that are either business owners or business employers in Ekiti State. Data collected were analyzed using mainly frequency counts and mean score while the stated hypotheses were tested using simple regression statistical tool via SPSS version 20.0 at 5% level of significance. The result from the study carried out showed that 83% of the total questionnaires distributed were analyzed and the analysis revealed that a positive relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. This mean that the internal audit process has positive effect on the performance of business organization in the study area which is statistically significant at P < 0.05. It is therefore recommended that business in the study area and beyond should ensure uncompromising engagement of internal audit process in their businesses in order to improve their performances and organization.

National Innovation Strategy: ICT Adoption Collaborative roles of Private sector and Government in Kenya and Uganda []


In recent decades, African countries have re-embraced higher education as a key instrument for national and regional development in a knowledge-based economic world order. The main objective of this paper was to investigate whether collaborative innovation is a suitable form of innovation in the public and private sector and analyze whether there is generally a need for a new form of roles of collaborative innovation. Collaboration in Kenya and Uganda public and private actors creates better and more effective. In order to solve these issues government and private sectors in Kenya and Uganda need to develop the capacity to make the trade off between authority and innovation assets and establish a system of reciprocal accountability.

NAVIGATING TOURISM IN SRI LANKA: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES AMID HIGH INFLATION []


This study investigates the intricate relationship between high inflation and the tourism industry in Sri Lanka using a mixed-methods re-search approach. Combining qualitative methods such as interviews and focus group discussions with quantitative surveys, the research explores the multifaceted impact of economic instability on various stakeholders, including tourists, travel experts, and local communities. The primary data collection involves structured surveys to capture quantitative insights into tourist behavior, spending patterns, and per-ceptions related to tourism amid high inflation. Additionally, qualitative data is gathered through interviews and focus group discussions, providing in-depth narratives and perspectives from key stakeholders in the tourism sector. Thematic analysis is applied to qualitative data, identifying patterns and themes, while statistical methods including descriptive statistics and regression analysis are utilized for quantita-tive data, facilitating a comprehensive analysis of the collected information. By employing this methodological framework, the study offers a nuanced understanding of the challenges posed by high inflation on tourism in Sri Lanka. The findings derived from this mixed-methods approach provide valuable insights for policymakers, industry practitioners, and researchers. These insights are crucial for developing adaptive strategies, enhancing the resilience of the tourism sector, and sustaining the industry amid economic uncertainties, thereby con-tributing to the long-term growth and development of tourism in Sri Lanka.

THE INFLUENCE OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION PRACTICES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION IN RWANDA; A CASE OF HOME DE LA VIERGE DES PAUVRES (HVP) GATAGARA IN QECW PROJECT []


The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of monitoring and evaluation practices on the performance of non-government organization in Rwanda with the particular goals: to determine the influence of stakeholders’ participation in monitoring and evaluation practices on performance of HVP Gatagara as non-government organization; to evaluate the influence of reporting of results in monitoring and evaluation practices on performance of HVP Gatagara as non-government organization; to evaluate the influence of accountability in monitoring and evaluation practices on performance of HVP Gatagara as non-government organization and to establish the influence of resources allocation in monitoring and evaluation practices on performance of HVP Gatagara as non-government organization. It could be a subjective examination that includes cautious perception of a situation. The analyst utilized surveys to gather information, as distant as this study is concerned; the population was comprised of people, staff management and partners of HVP Gatagara focusing on 174 workers. In this way, sample sizes of 174 individuals were considered to answer formulated questions. Universal sampling, as all population was questioned. The sample was made by number the staff management, stakeholders and employees of HVP Gatagara respondents who were involved in interaction with researcher. Research adopts the questionnaire for collecting primary data and documentation review to collect secondary data. Pilot study was performed to ensure the validity and reliability of data collection instrument. The data was analyzed trough Statistical Package for Social Sciences to percentage, mean and standard deviation. The third statement evaluated was “It helps project managers in keeping track the implementation of the projects and its prudence in the utilization of the resources” this was measured by a mean of 3.86 and standard deviation of 1.098. This indicated that the respondents are agreed with the statement as indicated by the strong mean and heterogeneity of answers as indicated by the standard deviation where the respondents had different opinions of the statement”. It can therefore be concluded that PM&E is a necessary tool for long term sustainability so that the institutions supported through projects and the benefits realized are maintained and continue after the end of the project. As a result of the active involvement of primary stakeholders in reflection, assessment and action, a sense of ownership is created, capacities are built, beneficiaries are empowered and lessons learned are applied both in the field and at the programme level, increasing effectiveness. The outcome of Home de la Vierge des Pauvres (Hvp) Gatagara in QECW Project suggests that PM&E methodologies are effective strategies for building beneficiaries’ capacities, facilitating various forms of empowerment and identifying strategies to increase sustainability and performance of projects.

EFFECT OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEE’ PERFORMANCE IN ADMA INTERNATIONAL LIMITED MANUFACTURING COMPANY, RWANDA []


ABSTRACT: - The concern of this study was to establish effect of safety training practices on employee performance in ADMA international Ltd manufacturing Company, to examine effect of hazard control practices on employee performance in ADMA international Ltd manufacturing Company, to determine effect of workplace safety inspection on employee performance in ADMA international Ltd manufacturing Company and to find out effect of safety records on employee performance in ADMA international Ltd manufacturing Company. The study adopted descriptive research design. The study used Yamane formula to determine the sample size of 212 respondents. A purposive sampling technique was used to select sample size of the study. The study used structured questionnaire, interview and observation checklist as tools instruments. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation of coefficient, multiple linear regression analysis and moderated multiple regression analysis. The research findings that at ADMA international Ltd Company job rotation, coaching, job instruction and lecture practices are conducted, evaluated at the workplace with clear goals and objectives. Secondly, regarding Hazard control practices, findings revealed that ADMA International Ltd Company is using administrative controls such as safe work practices, rest schedules, personal hygiene and limiting hours of work to control hazards at the workplace but it is using engineering controls such as ventilation, substitution, and elimination to control hazards at the workplace. Thirdly, concerning Workplace Safety Inspection the study indicated that the health and safety representative (HSR) infrequently conduct workplace safety inspection at the workplace and it uses checklist during workplace safety inspection and even the health and safety representative communicate workplace safety inspection report to management for coaching purposes. Finally, with reference to safe records, the findings show that in ADMA international Ltd Company records are safety kept as agreed by majority of respondents. The study recommends that the Director of OSHS should ensure that OHS officers frequently hand over report of workplace safety inspection to the employer. The Director of OSHS should ensure that OHS officers frequently conduct OHS training programs at the workplaces. Besides, the employers should also ensure that workplace safety inspection report is communicated to the management for coaching purposes.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND PERFORMANCE OF HEALTH PROJECTS AT KASHA RWANDA Ltd, KIGALI-RWANDA []


Most organizations are currently  using projects to achieve their goals or missions and create competitive advantage. All organizations and corporations aim at better performance so that they can meet their business objectives and achieve a reason for existence.  High performance in health projects implementation is the ultimate goal to all health  project stakeholders In Rwanda. However, The success of health projects in Rwanda is still being challenged in a sense that some projects remain delayed and do not provide expected results with little income and impact to the society as planned. The main objective of study was :To Assess the Influence of Project Management Practices on Performance of health projects,in Kasha Rwanda ltd. Specific objectives were: To assess the influence of  project planning on performance of health projects performance in Rwanda; To Examine the influence between resource planning on health projects performance in Rwanda; To assess the influence of quality management on performance of health projects performance in Rwanda.The study examined how the three  project management practices influence projects to succeed in terms of completion within scheduled time, compliance to budget, and within quality scope of work for client acceptance and satisfaction. This research adopted correlational research. The research sampled three health projects at Kasha,Packard foundation, gates-agent expansion and gates-family planning projects. This study used both stratified and purposive sampling methods. The population was made of Kasha Rwanda employees, Sponsors, contractors(Nurses&Agents) and government officials  involved in health project implementation. The sample size for this study was given by the Slovin’s formula equivalent to 109 from a target population of 150 where purposive sampling (also known as judgment, selective or subjective sampling) technique was used where the researcher relies on her own judgment to select respondents who will participate in the study. The primary data was obtained using questionnaires while the secondary data was gathered from the literature. Quantitative data were analyzed using computer software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 to enable mathematical computations. The study sought to assess the three project management practices and their influence on performance of health projects in Rwanda. The conclusions were drawn from the findings and summarized per objective. Based on findings, the three project management practices, project planning, resource planning and quality management positively influence performance of health projects in Rwanda and it can be concluded for any organization to be able to succeed in project management, those 3 practices are crucial and must be considered. The study strongly recommends Kasha to reinforce use of project management practices across the team. The study also recommends all project implementers to set up PMO within the team to help monitor and control use of project management practices. Companies running health projects and others to put checks and control for all Project Managers that the 3 project management practices are performed. This study recommends health project managers to always perform project planning, resource planning & quality management practices for successful project performance.

CREATING ASTHETICALLY PLEASING FACADES FOR A RETREAT CENTRE, TO ENHANCE USER COMFORT []


In this write up I explored the fast-paced nature of the African Contemporary culture acts as a catalyst for anxiety due to overstimulation. I also explored how the built environment of a retreat Centre can be designed in order to be aesthetically pleasing to the eye and bring people from a state of over-stimulation to a state of dignified calmness and composure. This paper achieved the goal of exploring the power of relaxation and helped one understand the power aesthetically pleasing architecture has in helping people lives be it thoughtful and relational. My Retreat facility was designed in such a way, that, it provided avenues by which planned meeting groups, various groups, individuals or organizations may gather together to find solution to a particular problem and problems that affects them which could be in form of lectures, seminars, debates and short courses. In This Write-up the fact that Nature over time has been overlooked and unappreciated for too long was put into consideration and I designed to proffer solution to this problem. I reintroduced the fact that Nature provides us with many benefits and is very important to our existence. Despite all these, we have failed to reciprocate any of it. My design process used initiated with a comprehensive analysis of the site and an understanding of the program required for such a project was fantastic. I made sure site-specific functions were incorporated as well into the overall programmatic layout. My design created a serene and peaceful environment where people can go for rejuvenation, relaxation, away from their normal life and daily activities. I reintroduce individuals to an experience, which states that individuals attending the retreat will be engulfed in experiencing the moment and living each breath of sensation. I explained how meditation in the lives of humans is important in contemplation, relaxation and mental hygiene and provides a platform, and serves as a vessel for self-exploration and internal growth.

THE IMPACT OF BUILDING MATERIALS ON CROWD CONTROL IN BUS TERMINALS []


This study evaluates the impact of building materials on crowd management in bus terminals using a mixed-method approach. It examines how material selections affect crowd movement patterns, navigation, and overall terminal performance, as well as the interaction between architectural materials and passenger behavior. Surveys and field observations are conducted to assess passenger flow patterns in current bus terminals. The findings highlight the critical role of thoughtful material selection in enhancing crowd management and passenger experience, materials that facilitate efficient crowd movement, reduce congestion, and increase signpost visibility help passengers navigate the terminal more easily. The study emphasizes the use of environmentally friendly materials in bus station architecture, as they not only assist the environment but also aid in improved crowd control. It also highlights the potential of technology in crowd control, incorporating real-time information displays and digital technology into terminal materials. Providing architects with recommendations for creating user-friendly, crowd-efficient bus terminal spaces that prioritize passenger experience, safety, and sustainability.

Effects of Consumer Attitudes on Handloom Textiles and Product Designs for Longevity: A case study of textile handloom manufacturing in Sri Lankan traditional handloom sector []


Product longevity is an important feature of sustainability, and encouraging consumers to use their items for longer periods of time helps reduce environmental sustainability consequences. The textile manufacturers, clothing and lifestyle product manufacturers, distribution, and disposal stages all have an impact on the environment, but extending garments active lifetimes through design, maintenance, and re-use of materials and clothes are the most effective ways to reduce the textile industry’s negative environmental effects. The study used a mixed qualitative and quantitative research strategy to analyze customer opinions on textile product lifetime and to evaluate everyday processes and practices of handloom use using an exploratory approach. The outcomes of the study reveal that a variety of factors influence the durability of consumer apparel during the purchase, use, and disposal stages of the handloom lifecycle. The conclusion discusses how variables interact and affect the local handloom business.

EFFECTIVE NOISE CONTROL IN A CONFERENCE CENTER []


Noise pollution is considered to be any unwanted or distressing sound that causes the health issues and affects the well-beings of humans and other organisms. Exposure to loud noise can also cause health hazards. The evolution of noise control and sound quality are briefly discussed. Series of research work has been done seeking to provide insights both theoretical and empirical into the problems that are related to the halls and auditoriums of conference centers, however, most of these researches seem to agree that the issue of acoustics is one of the most commonly observed challenge. Therefore the motivating factor behind this work is the desire to contribute to the improvement of acoustics in a large building such as that of a conference center. Conference center are spaces of communication and due to their size and form they often suffer from flutter echoes and room resonances. To ensure that meetings take place successfully without any itch, there is the need to have a facility that will be adequate and functional. It is therefore of paramount importance that the acoustic factors be considered and methods to mitigate the noise be implemented where necessary. To achieve success in the study, qualitative research method research as well as case studies were adopted, literatures were reviewed, and physical site observations were also made. Results from the finding revealed that the use of parallel walls in the auditorium is a major cause of echo as it causes sound waves to easily bounce back and forth over the entire room which later creates an unwanted noise and echoes that could spoil the overall sound production, the shape of the building, the size of the auditorium and materials in the room, all together play vital roles in how sound was being produced, distributed and absorbed. To solve this problem, the use of a completely squared shape should avoided for the main auditorium, the use of absorptive materials on the floor, some part of the wall and ceiling were deployed to reduce echo and reverberations.

Impact of Employee Job Satisfaction on Organizational Performance Case of Mojo Cable and Wire Factory []


It is believed that in the current dynamic business environment human resources is a potential source of sustained competitive advantage. Thus, creating employee job satisfaction in the workplace is a concept that should be focused while improving organizational performance. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of employee job satisfaction on organizational performance, regarding MOJO cable and wire factory. Based on this, in this research job satisfaction is represented by five determinants, namely remuneration, working environment, supervision, promotion and teamwork. Whereas, the evaluation of the effectiveness of these independent variables practices at the mojo cable and wire factory was done through a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. Data were collected through closed-ended structured questionnaires from the sample of 136 permanent employees through simple random method of sampling selected from the factory. However, out of 136 respondents 135 (99.26%) questionnaire was obtained valid. Consequently, Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of Statistical Packages for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 26. However primarily Cronbach Alpha formula was used to measure the internal consistency of the questionnaire items. And, the result suggested that all the pilot variables have the crobach’s alpha value greater than 0.7 and this revealed that all the variables were reliable. Moreover, the findings from Pearson correlation articulated that there were a significant and positive relationship between each independent variables and organizational performance, and this approved that all the positive hypothesis was accepted. In addition, the result of multiple regression analysis suggested that the total correlation of all independent variable to dependent variable was 0.895. This implies there were strong and positive correlation between job satisfaction and organizational performance. In light of this, the analysis discovered remuneration was the most significant employee job satisfaction factor against the performance of mojo cable and wire factory. Therefore, it’s forwarded for the top management of the mojo cable and wire factory to improve the above variables.

Corporate Governance and Leadership: A Framework for Accountability and Ethical Behavior []


In the contemporary landscape of business, the symbiotic relationship between corporate governance and ethical leadership is paramount to establishing a framework for accountability and ethical behavior within organizations, Oyedjied & Soyibo (2001) This article, through an in-depth analysis and synthesis of existing literature, elucidates the critical interplay between corporate governance mechanisms and ethical leadership practices. By delving into the core principles of corporate governance, the study examines how transparent decision-making processes, effective board structures, and regulatory compliance form the foundation of organizational accountability. kotter, (2013). Moreover, the article underscores the influential role of ethical leadership in shaping the ethical fabric of corporations. Ethical leaders, as moral exemplars, significantly impact organizational culture, fostering an environment of integrity, trust, and social responsibility. Effiong, (2022). Drawing on empirical evidence and theoretical frameworks, this research presents a comprehensive model that integrates corporate governance structures with ethical leadership strategies. There is a theoretical basis for this model, but it also gives useful information on how to use ethical governance practices in different types of organizations. The study looks at problems and gives businesses ways to improve their corporate governance and make ethical principles a part of their leadership style by using examples of successful businesses and lessons learned from unethical ones. This article adds a lot to the conversation about corporate ethics by focusing on how governance and leadership work together. It gives companies a way to deal with the challenges of today's business world while still maintaining the highest standards of ethics and accountability (Kouzes, 2017). Keywords: Corporate Governance, Ethical Leadership, Accountability and Ethical behaviors

EFFECT OF SOAKING ON THE UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH LOSS OF METAKAOLIN STABILIZED LATERITIC SOIL []


ABSTRACT Metakaolin (MK) holds promise for enhancing lateritic soil strength. The natural lateritic soil is initially classified as A4 fine silty material. MK, obtained through calcination at 700°C, is added to the soil in varying proportions (10% to 60% by dry soil weight). Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests are conducted under different conditions: samples conditioned for 7 days with 7 days of subsequent soaking, and unconditioned samples with a 14-day curing period. UCS exhibits improvement with rising MK content, peaking at 29.5%. Beyond this point, UCS starts to decline. For unconditioned samples, UCS increases from 224.93 kPa (10% MK) to 340 kPa (29.5% MK), and for conditioned samples, it ranges from 169.46 kPa to 270 kPa. The presence of MK results in an average 23% variation in UCS between unconditioned and conditioned samples. Regarding durability, the optimal MK content for the MK-lateritic soil combination lies within 20% to 35%, where the loss in strength remains at or below 20%. A Linear Regression Analysis establishes a predictive model for UCS at 14 days), with an R2 value of 0.926. Keywords: Metakaolin, lateritic soil, soil stabilization, unconfined compressive strength, durability, mechanical properties, calcination, soil classification, Linear Regression Analysis.

BASELINE GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES AND BEARING CAPACITY ESTIMATION OF NIGERIA'S COASTAL SANDS: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LAGOS AND OPOBO ESTUARIES. []


ABSTRACT This study presents a comparative analysis of the baseline geotechnical properties and bearing capacity estimation of coastal sands in Nigeria, focusing on the Lagos and Opobo estuaries. Bearing capacity is a key parameter needed for most geotechnical/structural designs. Accurate estimation of the Bearing capacity of soft clays can be challenging to obtain in the laboratory due to the difficulty in remoulding the clay to its in-situ conditions before testing, and as a result, the bearing capacity is estimated from the shear strength and index properties. The study employs field and laboratory investigations to gather data and employs established engineering principles to estimate bearing capacities. This study was carried out at Tarkwa bay site which is located in Lagos state, and ALSCON/Opobo harbor located in Imo state, Nigeria. A total of thirty (30) boreholes were drilled and soil samples were collected at 1.5 m intervals for Tarkwa bay and Opobo harbor up to a depth of 25 m. Laboratory tests were used to obtain the moisture content, bulk unit weight, liquid and plastic limit, while CPT was used in obtaining the shear strength. Laboratory Classification of the soil samples was done by adopting the Unified Soil Classification System and statistical analysis relating the shear strength with the soil properties were developed. The result showed the soils at both sites were predominately inorganic clay of high plasticity which are problematic due to the expansion and shrinking nature of this type of soil. The descriptive analysis showed that the shear strength ranged from 18kN/m2 to 21 kN/m2 for Tarkwa bay and from 12 kN/m2 to 77 kN/m2 for Opobo harbor. The mean ultimate bearing capacity was estimated as 106.24 kN/m2 and 173.88 kN/m2 for Tarkwa bay and Opobo harbor site, respectively. This research contributes to both practical engineering knowledge and broader scientific understanding of coastal geotechnics in Nigeria, with potential applications in infrastructure development, environmental conservation, disaster risk reduction, and policy formulation. Keywords: Bearing capacity, bulk unit weight, liquid, plastic limit, shear strength

EFFECT OF CURING TIME ON THE STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT OF CEMENT-STABILIZED LATERITIC SOIL []


ABSTRACT This study investigates the influence of curing time (T) on the strength evolution of cement-stabilized lateritic soil. Initial experiments were conducted to classify the untreated lateritic soil, followed by cement stabilization at varying levels of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% cement content (CC). Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) properties were determined using appropriate procedures after 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of membrane curing. Analysis revealed the untreated lateritic soil as an A4 silty soil with a fine material content. Investigating the effect of cement content on UCS gain, a clear linear strength increase was observed for cement content up to 4%, beyond which strength gain became minimal and plateaued, declining at 10% cement addition. This indicates that the impact of cement on strength gain is significant up to around 8% cement content, beyond which diminishing returns are observed. The impact of curing duration on UCS gain indicated increasing strength from the 3rd to the 14th day of curing, followed by a reduction. Notably, interactions between modifiers and water, as well as between soil and water, significantly affected strength properties, with modifier-acid interactions exerting the least influence. This suggests that early-stage curing promotes more substantial strength gains compared to later stages. ANOVA analysis highlighted that curing duration's effect on strength increase exceeded that of percent cement addition, as evidenced by the p-values (1.12E-10 and 0.959639, respectively). A multiple regression model demonstrated a strong fit with an R2 = 0.766. Hypothesis testing using a t-statistic at a 5% significance level yielded a computed t-value (0.000191) lower than the critical t-value (t0.975,29 = 2.045). Consequently, the null hypothesis was accepted, indicating no significant difference between experimental and predicted UCS values. This study provides insights into the dynamic relationship between curing time, cement content, and strength development in cement-stabilized lateritic soils, paving the way for optimizing stabilization procedures. Keywords: Curing time, Strength development, Cement-stabilized, Lateritic soils, Experimental investigations, Untreated lateritic soil, Unconfined compressive strength (UCS), Membrane curing, Modifier-acid interaction, ANOVA analysis, Multiple regression model, Hypothesis testing, Significance, Optimize stabilization procedures.

Phytochemical and proximate composition of seeds and endocarp of Lemon (Citrus Limon) []


Proximate analysis and phytochemical screening were conducted on endocarp and seeds of Citrus limon (lemon) using analytical methods. During the study, parameters such as moisture, ash, protein, fibre, crude fat, and carbohydrates were all assessed. The result obtained for seeds shows that, moisture content is (5. 20 ± 0.85) %, ash (5. 80 ± 0.68) % fibre (0.80 ± 0. 36) %, crude fat (4. 60 ± 0. 84) %, crude protein (15. 10 ± 0.77) % and carbohydrate content (76.00 ± 0.70) %, phytochemicals like alkaloids, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phlobatannins, polypenols, anthraquinones, anthranoids and reducing compounds were also assessed. The result obtained from the seeds shows that Cardiac glycosides were present in large amount for petroleum ether and was present in moderate amount for water extract. Polyphenols were in excess for both water and petroleum ether extract. Polyphenols were in excess for both water and petroleum ether extract while other phytochemicals were absent. For endocarp, the result obtained shows that cardiac glycosides were moderate in petroleum ether extract and was in large amount for water extract. While polyphenols were present in excess for petroleum ether and were moderate in water extract. Key words: Phytochemicals, polyphenols, proximate analysis, citrus limon, reducing sugar, cardiac glycosides

Career Choice: Knowledge, Motivation and Perception of the Students of School of Health Information Management OAUTHC []


Background/Objective: There are many different fields of human endeavours from which students can make their future career. Professionals in the field of health information management can choose from a variety of options such as health/medical, management, ethics and legal, health informatics, and health data analysis, among others. However, despite the critical roles played in the cycle of healthcare delivery, the profession is still relatively unknown and underappreciated, both locally and globally. This study therefore aims at assessing the psychological factors influencing career choice among students of School of Health Information Management OAUTHC. Method/Design: The study employed a descriptive survey design to elucidate information from the students about their Knowledge of the HIM Profession, motivational factors influencing their choice of career and their perception of the HIM Profession. A complete enumeration technique was adopted to recruit all the research participants. A total of 270 questionnaires were distributed to all 270 students of SHIM OAUTHC, and 208 were retrieved back, giving the percentage return rate of 77.04%. Results: The findings of this study revealed that the majority (84.13%) of the students had poor knowledge about health information management (HIM) profession before their admission to study the course and the majority (67.31%) had no initial plan of making HIM their first choice of career. However, the perception of the participants are both good and fair with response rates of 53.14% and 46.86% respectively. The findings also shown that the majority (57.21%) are highly motivated with their choice of HIM Profession as a career and the major factors responsible for this are the fact HIM is a healthcare profession, it helps patients and touch their lives, it offers a good education and has a brighter future prospect among others. Conclusion: Health Information Management Profession is a very important profession/Career whose impact in healthcare delivery system cannot be overemphasized. Nevertheless, the profession lack due awareness and recognition as its existence and importance is unknown to the vast majority of the public. This makes the majority of professionals go into it without having a deep knowledge of what in entails. The study therefore recommends that better awareness about the existence and importance of Health Information Management Profession should be created through various available media and potential professionals be properly guided and counseled before making a choice of career in HIM in order to get the best out of them.

RIVALS AND ALLIES: A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE MEMBRANE PROTEINS OF LYMPHOCYTES AND BACTERIA []


The plasma membrane is made up mainly of lipids and proteins. Lipids act by ensuring the structure of the membrane, while proteins are related to the main functions performed by this cellular structure. This membrane is semipermeable in nature, being responsible for transporting and selecting molecules that enter and leave the cell. It has, as one of its functions, isolation from the surrounding environment, it is about 5 nanometers (nm) thick, and delimits the internal cellular space. The membrane has a characteristic in its structure of great importance for the maintenance of life in living beings: selective permeability. It is responsible for transporting and selecting the substances that enter and leave the cells, in addition to ensuring the elimination of components of cellular metabolism. The currently accepted model of the structure of the plasma membrane is known as fluid mosaic and was proposed by Jonathan Singer and Garth Nicolson in 1972. In this model, the plasma membrane is described as a phospholipid bilayer with the presence of proteins. The plasma membrane is a structure present in all cells, both eukaryotic and prokaryotic, and it is what separates the interior of the cells from the external environment. No wonder this envelope is present in all known cell types.

L'utilisation de l'intelligence artificielle dans l'e-évaluation : opportunités et défis []


Cet article explore les opportunités et les défis liés à l'utilisation de l'intelligence artificielle (IA) dans la e-évaluation. Dans la première partie, les auteurs examinent comment l'IA peut améliorer l'efficacité et la rapidité de l'évaluation, ainsi que favoriser une évaluation objective et standardisée. La section suivante se penche sur les défis, mettant en lumière les risques de biais et de manque de compréhension contextuelle lors de l'utilisation de l'IA dans ce contexte. De plus, les préoccupations relatives à la confidentialité et à la sécurité des données sont explorées, soulignant les points critiques à considérer lors de l'intégration de l'IA dans le domaine de la e-évaluation.

The Ongoing Influence of French Colonialism in Former African Colonies: A Comparative Analysis" []


This journal article explores the enduring influence of French colonialism in former African colonies, shedding light on the various dimensions of this complex relationship. The legacies of French colonial rule continue to shape politics, economics, culture, and society in these nations. Through a comparative analysis of selected African countries, this study delves into the mechanisms and consequences of this influence, including language, trade, security, and political structures. By examining both the positive and negative aspects of French colonialism's legacy, this article provides valuable insights into the contemporary challenges and opportunities faced by these nations as they navigate their post-colonial trajectories. The study employed a mixed paradigm and descriptive survey design that sampled Institutions of higher learning, members of Parliament, Government Ministry (Judiciary) and Non-Governmental Organizations and interviewed, members of Parliament (from both ruling and opposition), senior civil servants, university lecturers, university students and NGO members. Data was obtained from respondents by means of interviews, questionnaires and project observation schedules. The sample consisted of two hundred respondents. Frequency, percentages, tables, graphs and pie-charts were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data obtained. Data was then analyzed manually in some cases and also, a combination of software MS Access and MS Excel. The findings revealed that the influence of French colonialism on former African colonies remains a deeply ingrained aspect of these nations' identities and trajectories though the impact varies from one country to another and across different aspects of society, but it is undeniable that the legacy of colonialism, including French colonialism, continues to shape the present and future of these African nations. and the study recommended that addressing the ongoing influence of French colonialism in former African colonies is a complex and multifaceted issue. It requires the collaboration of individuals, organizations, governments, and international bodies to foster positive change and empower African nations to shape their own destinies. Key words: Comparative analysis, Economic, Influence, Former African Colonies, French Colonialism, Political

PAVE THE WAY FOR GENDER EQUALITY: MASS MEDIA APPROACH TO-WARDS WOMEN DESIGNATED HEALTH AWARENESS DAYS []


In India, women face several challenges when accessing healthcare facilities. The nation must prioritise women’s health, as everyone’s ability to live a complete life depends on their health. Improving women’s access to healthcare in India is crucial for attaining gender equality. Media is progressively bringing a change in awareness for female health and emphasising gender equality. Understanding the significance of keeping the women population healthy, the Government has earmarked specific health awareness days during the year. Stressing the importance of these days can significantly improve women’s overall health as they will be better informed and able to make necessary health decisions.

ASSESSMENT OF COMMUNITY PROJECT INITIATIVE AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN URUAGU AND AKABO COMMUNITIES IN NNEWI NORTH -LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ANAMBRA STATE (2016-2021). []


This paper investigated community project initiative and community development: A study of Uruagu and Akabo communities in Nnewi North local government area of Anambra state (2016-2021)”. The study was anchored on Endogenous theory of development. The study adopted survey research design. The study was carried out in Uruagu and Akabo communities in Nnewi North local government area of Anambra state and the two communities have estimated population of 30,000 out of 196,300 that is the population of Nnewi North local government area. The hypotheses formulated earlier in this study were tested using Pearson’s Chi-square. The study found out that Community project initiative has impacted on the provision of infrastructure/social amenities in Uruagu and Akabo communities in Nnewi North local government area of Anambra state. The study recommends among others that efforts should be made to encourage people to participate more in community development project and training.

STUDY ON SAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSION PRACTICES AMONG NURSING OFFICERS IN COLOMBO SOUTH TEACHING HOSPITAL SRI LANKA []


This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Colombo South Teaching Hospital (CSTH) in Sri Lanka. The purpose of this study is to describe knowledge and practices towards safe blood transfusions among nursing officers. As there are no designated transfusion nurses in Sri Lankan healthcare settings, it is mandatory to assess nurses’ knowledge and practices to ensure safe transfusions. This descriptive cross-sectional study was a mixed study. The quantitative component was performed using a sample of 384 nurses who were randomly selected from all wards. A modified version of the Routine Blood Transfusion Questionnaire was used for the data collection. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software. Key informant interviews were performed with 15 nursing sisters to assess factors that affect safe transfusions regarding hospital management. Results revealed that nursing officers current nursing practices and knowledge of transfusion safety are satisfactory. Nursing officers' attitude towards safe transfusions is good. Nursing officer training needs are not addressed adequately. It is mandatory to improve the knowledge and practices of nursing officers to combat the unavailability of designated transfusion nurses and ensure safe transfusions. Current nursing practices and knowledge toward transfusion safety are satisfactory The study revealed that 58% of nurses have knowledge scores above the mean, and % of nurses have practice scores. A significant difference between the mean scores of knowledge and practice concerning N/O’s working unit was found. The study recommends regularizing existing in-service training programs on safe transfusions for nurses to improve transfusion safety. According to information gathered during KII, work environment factors and team factors are more favorable towards safe transfusions.

Economic Sustainability Reporting Practices and Financial Performance of Listed Industrial Goods Sector in Nigeria []


ABSTRACT Economic sustainability reporting is an organizational report that gives information about economic, environmental, social and governance activities of the firm. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of sustainability reporting practices on the financial performance of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria where 10 industrial goods firms were selected from the 13 listed existing industrial goods firms based on purposive sampling. The study employed ex-post-facto research design and data were sourced from the annual reports and accounts statements/sheets of the sampled firms. The analysis begin with the description of data with the use of mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum. Pearson correlation matrix also deployed. Regression analysis was carried out on the panel data with regards to pooled Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation, Fixed Effect Estimation, Random Effect Estimation. The result shows the economic disclosure has a positive but insignificant effect on the return on asset of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria to the tune of 0.1025325 (p= .569 > .05). This is a confirmation of the a-priori expectation. Also, it was unveiled that economic disclosure has a positive and significant impact on return on equity of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria with the coefficient and probability values of 0.1461686 and 0.034 (p=0.034<0.05). The study therefore, concludes that sustainability practice disclosure can enhance the financial performance of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The study recommend that management of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria should ensure adequate compliance with the guidelines of environment practice disclosure as this portrays a good image of their firm. Thereby, a high level of financial stability will be achieved in the competitive business world. Keywords: Economic disclosure, Environmental disclosure, Financial performance, Industrial Goods Sector, Social disclosure, Sustainability Reporting, Stakeholders. Words Count: 330

THE SERVICE QUALITY FACTORS AFFECTING CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN TRANSFERS AND PAYMENTS AT ASIA COMMERCIAL BANK JOINT STOCK IN HO CHI MINH CITY []


The study was implemented to define the components affecting customer satisfaction and measure the impacted level on the factors at Asia Commercial Bank Joint Stock in Ho Chi Minh City. The study uses both of methodologies (qualitative and quantitative analysis). The qualitative analysis was conducted by 30 random customers in a particular time to understand the terms in the questionnaires. The quantitative research was conducted with 277 samples randomly, 6 independent observed variables correlates together and with a dependent variable (SAT). The collected data used for evaluating the scale through Cronbach’s alpha, EFA, regression, correlation, and so on in the research model. The result of variables in the research model impacting on customer satisfaction at Asia Commercial Bank Joint Stock in Ho Chi Minh City was suggested for some solution policies of Asia Commercial Bank Joint Stock in Ho Chi Minh City.