Peer-reviewed international research papers published open-access with EOI assignment and global indexing across engineering, computer science, environmental science, social sciences, and more.
The study, entitled Online Employee Monitoring System with Payroll Integration (OEMSWPI), focused on the development and evaluation of a web-based system designed to streamline employee attendance monitoring and payroll processing. The system was developed using the Modified Waterfall Model, ensuring systematic progression through requirements analysis, design, development, testing, and implementation. The evaluation involved 20 participants, comprising 10 IT experts and 10 end-users from CSI Legazpi City, who assessed the system’s functionality, efficiency, usability, security, and compliance with relevant software quality standards. Based on the specific objectives and evaluation conducted, several key findings were drawn. The biometric attendance component demonstrated high reliability, user-friendliness, and minimal failure rates, consistently capturing and verifying employee attendance accurately. The network infrastructure integration allowed real-time synchronization between biometric terminals and the central server, ensuring up-to-date attendance records while maintaining data confidentiality and integrity. The payroll computation module accurately translated attendance data into pay calculations, handling overtime, tardiness, absences, and leave deductions with efficiency and reliability. Comprehensive data protection measures, including encryption, access control, and consent management, safeguarded sensitive employee information and ensured compliance with privacy laws. Evaluation using the ISO/IEC 25010 software quality model indicated that the system performed strongly across all eight characteristics, achieving an overall rating of 4.3 (“Far more than what was expected”), demonstrating its effectiveness, reliability, and user satisfaction. Based on the findings, several conclusions were drawn. The biometric attendance system proved reliable and user-friendly, supporting accurate attendance tracking. The secure network infrastructure enabled real-time data synchronization and enhanced operational efficiency. The payroll module accurately processed pay calculations, reflecting organizational policies. Data protection controls successfully ensured the confidentiality, integrity, and security of employee records. Overall, the system demonstrated excellent performance across all software quality criteria, exceeding user expectations. Based on these conclusions, recommendations included the continued use and periodic updating of the biometric attendance system, conducting regular employee training, monitoring and securing network infrastructure, implementing backup and disaster recovery protocols, and reviewing payroll computation and access control policies routinely. Additionally, regular audits of data protection measures, continuous system evaluation, and periodic training for administrators and IT staff were suggested to maintain high performance, adaptability, and compliance with security standards. Keywords: Attendance Management, Automation, Employee Monitoring System, Human Resource Management System, Payroll Integration, Time Tracking, Web-based System, and Workforce Management.
This study focused on the development of an AI-Integrated Research Archival System for Southern Luzon Technological College Foundation, Inc. (SLTCFI) to enhance research management processes. The system was designed using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for the front-end, an SQL-based database for structured storage, and cloud storage with mobile accessibility for secure and flexible access. APIs for external academic databases, such as OpenAlex and Semantic Scholar, and NLP algorithms were integrated to provide intelligent research recommendations. The development followed the Agile Development Methodology, encompassing phases of Requirements Analysis, Design, Development, Testing and Debugging, Release, and Maintenance with User Feedback, ensuring active stakeholder involvement, iterative refinement, and alignment with institutional requirements. The findings revealed that the system was successfully developed with key modules, including the AI-Based RRL Finder, Research Upload and Archiving, Role-Based Access Control, and Approval and Verification Modules. Security, usability, and workflow optimization features, such as role-based user authentication, encrypted storage, secure cloud integration, and real-time notifications, were effectively implemented to enhance system performance. The system was evaluated using the ISO/IEC 25010 software quality model, achieving an overall rating of 4.32, which indicated that it exceeded expectations in terms of functionality, efficiency, reliability, usability, maintainability, and portability. Based on these findings, the study concluded that the AI-Integrated Research Archival System successfully improved efficiency, accessibility, and organization of research management, provided secure and controlled access, and offered intelligent, AI-driven support for literature discovery. The system proved to be a highly effective and technically sound tool for all stakeholders. It is recommended that the system continue to be utilized, regularly maintained, and enhanced, including expanding API integrations, conducting user training, performing routine security audits, monitoring performance, and optimizing mobile access. These steps will ensure the system remains scalable, secure, user-friendly, and capable of supporting efficient research management at SLTCFI. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Archival System, Research Archival System, Technological System.
The Philippine Statistics Authority – Sorsogon Human Resource Information System (HRIS) is a developmental research project that designs, develops, and evaluates a web-based recruitment and applicant management platform for the Philippine Statistics Authority – Sorsogon Province. The system aims to address inefficiencies in the agency’s manual recruitment process such as delayed applicant screening, fragmented communication, and inconsistent record-keeping by providing a centralized and secure digital platform for both applicants and HR personnel. Its scope includes online job posting, applicant registration, document uploading, interview scheduling, automated notifications, and recruitment report generation, while excluding payroll and performance evaluation functions. Developed using the Agile Development Methodology, the project employed iterative design and testing with continuous feedback from HR personnel and applicants. It was implemented using Apache, MySQL, and PHP, ensuring a stable, secure, and easily maintainable web environment. The system incorporates authentication, role-based access control, and data encryption to comply with the Data Privacy Act of 2012. Evaluation followed the ISO/IEC 25010 Software Quality Model, focusing on functionality, usability, reliability, performance efficiency, and security. Findings revealed that the PSA–Sorsogon HRIS effectively streamlined recruitment operations, reduced processing time, and improved transparency between applicants and HR staff. User acceptance testing showed high satisfaction, emphasizing ease of use, accessibility, and data accuracy. Reliability and performance evaluations confirmed stable operation and responsiveness even during multiple user sessions. The study concludes that the PSA–Sorsogon HRIS modernizes the agency’s recruitment process into an efficient, transparent, and ISO-compliant digital system. It enhances operational efficiency, data integrity, and applicant engagement in alignment with the Ease of Doing Business Act of 2018. The study recommends system adoption, regular user training, and future enhancements such as mobile optimization, analytics integration, and cloud scalability. Keywords: Administrative Efficiency, Digital HR Management, E-Government Systems, Government HRIS, Human Resource Information System, Information Systems in Government, PSA Sorsogon, Philippine Statistics Authority, Public Sector Human Resource Management, and Workforce Management
The UST-Legazpi Smart Academic Advising System (U-SAAS) was created with the intention of using data-driven interventions to help the institution identify and assist at-risk students. The results showed that incorporating predictive analytics into the academic advising process greatly enhanced advisers' capacity to track student performance and retention. The system produced timely notifications, efficiently processed academic data, and offered actionable insights that enabled advisers to take preemptive measures. According to evaluation results based on ISO/IEC 25010 software quality characteristics - such as functionality, usability, dependability, security, and maintainability - users assessed the system as extremely satisfactory. Features including an adviser dashboard, automated alerts, and analytics visualization improved academic decision-making efficiency and accuracy, proving U-SAAS's usefulness as a data-driven academic support tool. To sum up, the adoption of U-SAAS effectively converted conventional academic advising into a proactive, empirically supported approach that complies with institutional retention regulations. The system offered a complete solution for academic monitoring and early intervention by fusing predictive modeling, data analytics, and user-friendly interface design. The findings verify that U-SAAS enhanced institutional capacity to lower dropout rates and promote student achievement in addition to improving the advising workflow. The study confirms that predictive analytics may be successfully applied to the local higher education setting, fostering a creative, technologically advanced learning environment. It is recommended that the university continue enhancing U-SAAS by integrating additional data sources such as attendance and engagement metrics to further improve prediction accuracy. Expanding system access to guidance counselors and program chairs is also encouraged to promote collaborative advising and comprehensive student support. Future studies may explore the use of artificial intelligence and chatbot integration to enhance user interaction and extend proactive assistance to students beyond academic advising. Continuous updates and policy alignment will ensure that U-SAAS remains sustainable, relevant, and responsive to the evolving needs of higher education. Keywords: Academic Advising, Academic Monitoring, Data Analytics, Decision Support System, Educational Technology, Learning Analytics, Predictive Analytics, Smart System, Student Performance, University Information System.
Cancer drug resistance remains a major obstacle to effective cancer therapy. This is because it significantly limits treatment efficacy. This leads to cancer relapse and poor patient outcomes. Cancer develops resistance through a range of intrinsic and acquired mechanisms, including mutations, drug efflux and DNA repair. By explaining the main characteristics of cancer and their resistance mechanisms, this paper aims to examine and identify why drugs often fail to completely cure cancer in patients. The research has pinpointed that limitations to preclinical models, including two-dimensional cell lines and animal models, can also lead to poor clinical translation. Finally, improved experimental models, combination therapeutics, adopting the help of artificial intelligence and other ways to improve clinical outcome are evaluated. An in-depth and accurate understanding of resistance and limitations of research models is essential for steps forward in oncology.
Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic used to treat hypertension, heart failure, and hyperaldosteronism, is known to exhibit anti-androgenic effects, potentially leading to male infertility. Spironolactone has been shown to reduce androgen levels, contributing to male infertility. Syzygium aromaticum, particularly due to its active compound eugenol, is known for its phytochemical properties that may help improve androgen levels and counteract oxidative damage caused by anti-androgenic substances. This study examines the potential protective effects of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) against the anti-androgenic effects of spironolactone. In the study, group A was the control and received standard pellet and water ad libitum, group B (toxic group) received 25mg/kgb.w of spironolactone orally for seven weeks, while groups C, D, E (test groups), were orally administered with 25mg/kg B.W of spironolactone for five weeks. Following this, daily administration of 100mg/kg B.W, 150mg/kg B.W and 200mg/kg B.W of ethanol extract of Syzygium aromaticum were given to groups C, and D, respectively, orally for two weeks group F received 100 mg/kgb.w of Syzygium aromaticum orally for seven weeks After seven weeks of treatment, testicular weight and sperm parameters were assessed and hormonal assays were conducted to measure Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), and testosterone levels. Histological analysis was performed to evaluate testicular morphology. The findings show significant (p>0.05) increase in the testicular weight in the spironolactone-treated group and corresponding decrease in the Syzygium aromaticum treated group. Significant (p>0.05) decrease and increase in the sperm parameters and hormonal levels; destruction and restoration of histo-architecture of the testis were seen in response to spironolactone and Syzygium aromaticum respectively. These results suggest that clove has a protective role in preserving male reproductive health in cases of spironolactone use. Keywords: Spironolactone, Syzygium aromaticum, Male Infertility, Testosterone, Wistar rats, Androgen regulation.
xThis paper examines structural and functional parallels between human Deep Symbolic Systems Models (DSSMs) and AI Deep Structured Semantic Models (AI DSSMs), revealing a cross-temporal continuity in symbolic cognition. In prehistory, DSSMs stabilized cognition through repeated, ritualized action, externalizing meaning into durable symbols that functioned as protocols guiding technological, social, and administrative evolution. Modern AI DSSMs similarly map human input into shared semantic spaces, operationalizing meaning and enabling large-scale coordination. By framing symbols as protocols and quantifying their effects, this study demonstrates that repeated practice—whether embodied or computational—produces standardized, scalable symbolic systems. Limitations stem from differences in learning mechanisms and substrate constraints between human and AI systems, so comparisons should be understood as functional analogies rather than literal equivalence.
Njoku P. I., Sule H. S., Iboko C. J., Okechukwu N. C., Agbukata G. O., Enwere V. U., Issah S., Ogbu M. C., Onodu P. O., Otokpa S. O., Chimemena O. A., Ilelaboye A. J., Nkasi R. H., Okorie C. D., Alaa A. H., Matavele C. J., Onyekezini S. O., Dr Idogho O.
Dengue fever remains a major public health challenge in tropical and subtropical regions, requiring accurate and timely diagnostic support to reduce morbidity and mortality. This study proposes a robust machine learning–based diagnostic framework for dengue fever classification using clinical and hematological parameters. A publicly available dataset comprising 1,003 patient records with eight predictor variables, including age, sex, hemoglobin, white blood cell count, platelet count, and platelet distribution width, was utilized. The initial Data preprocessing carried out on the dataset includes handling missing values, feature scaling, and class balancing. The class balancing was addressed using under-sampling and over-sampling strategy. In this study, Four Machine learning algorithms were utilized, which include Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and XGBOOST. The hyperparameter of these models were tuned using a Bayesian optimization approach using a cross-validation fold size of 10. The study results reveal that the Random Forest was the best performing model for identifying patients with dengue fever, with the model attaining the highest accuracy across the various sampling strategies used in mitigating the imbalance in the target class. The study findings show the potential of Bayesian optimization combined with Data preprocessing and an appropriate sampling strategy using a medical dataset to predict medical diagnosis with high precision and accuracy.
This study investigates the role of strategic agility and organizational resilience aspects in improving the adaptability and performance of Bank Muscat in the long run in the rapidly changing banking environment of Oman. Anchored in the context of technological advancement, regulatory change and economic uncertainty, the research analyses how leadership practices and innovation and digital transformation initiatives have enabled the bank to respond effectively to disruptions. Using Bank Muscat as a case study, the study examines operational flexibility, resilience mechanisms as well as integrating digital technologies such as mobile banking and artificial intelligence. The findings point to the fact that a good alignment between agile strategies, resilient systems and visionary leadership plays a major role in strengthening competitiveness and sustainability. The research offers valuable management implications for the other Omani banks to increase adaptability according to Oman Vision 2040. Keywords: Strategic Agility, Organizational Resilience, Digital Transformation, Leadership, Banking Sector, Oman
This study, titled Hotel Operation and Management Training System for AMA Computer Learning Center College of Sorsogon, focused on the design, development, and evaluation of a simulation-based training platform intended to enhance hospitality education. The scope of the study covered the development of core hotel operation modules, integration of interactive and scenario-based learning features, alignment with industry and TESDA competency standards, and system evaluation using the ISO/IEC 25010 software quality model. An Agile Development Methodology was employed, encompassing planning, requirements analysis, design, development, testing, deployment, review, and launch phases. System evaluation involved 10 IT professionals and 10 end users to ensure both technical soundness and instructional effectiveness. The findings revealed that the Core Operational Modules for room reservation, room service order monitoring, and billing were successfully implemented to simulate essential hotel operations in real time, with optimized performance for both LAN and online environments. Reliability features such as data validation, secure session handling, and transaction rollback ensured system stability and data integrity, while portability allowed deployment via local servers and online hosting with minimal hardware requirements. Interactive and scenario-based learning features provided students with immersive training experiences through intuitive interfaces and clear navigation, and the system demonstrated compatibility across major browsers and operating systems. The workflows were aligned with hospitality industry standards and TESDA competency requirements, and the modular architecture supported scalability for broader institutional use. Evaluation results based on ISO/IEC 25010 yielded an overall rating of 3.5, interpreted as “Meets Expectations,” confirming the system’s usability, robustness, and relevance. Based on the results, it was concluded that the developed system effectively supported accurate and real-time hotel operation simulations while maintaining stability, usability, and portability. The interactive and scenario-based features successfully enhanced practical learning experiences, enabling students to practice real-world hotel workflows. The system’s alignment with industry standards and TESDA competencies ensured its relevance in preparing learners for actual hotel operations. Moreover, its modular and scalable design demonstrated adaptability for future expansion and deployment across other campuses or similar institutions, while the ISO/IEC 25010 evaluation validated its overall quality and effectiveness as a training platform. In view of these conclusions, it was recommended that the system be continuously updated to reflect evolving hotel industry practices and TESDA standards. Further enhancement of interactive and scenario-based modules was suggested to include more complex and diverse hotel operation scenarios. Periodic system evaluations involving IT professionals and end users were advised to ensure sustained quality and usability, alongside further development of the modular architecture for additional hotel functions. Finally, providing continuous training and technical support for instructors and users was recommended to maximize system adoption and educational benefits across all campuses. Keywords: AMA Computer Learning Center, Educational Technology, Hotel Operation, Management Training System, Training Program
In Kisangani, the socio-economic situation forces a certain category of children to beg on the streets. They come from vulnerable families, are deprived of schooling, and are exploited to guide blind beggars, violating their fundamental rights. The state structures that are supposed to meet the needs, protection, and promotion of children are operating at a slow pace due to a lack of funding and only receive support from international organizations. In light of this observation, this research focused on the question: How are children who guide blind beggars exploited in Kisangani? This question led to the hypothesis that children who guide blind beggars in Kisangani are exploited economically as free labor to maximize begging profits, deliberately depriving them of schooling and protection. This analysis seeks to show how children who guide blind beggars in the city of Kisangani are exploited. Data collection was made possible through structured interviews with 100 respondents (50 child guides and 50 blind beggars) and documentary research. The data collected was processed using content analysis. This analysis concludes that 22 respondents, 44% believe that the lack of adults to accompany blind people is one of the reasons why they resort to child guides, 18 respondents, or 36%, believe that it is the children themselves who want to do this, and 10 respondents, or 20%, say that it is to avoid embezzlement by adult guides. Regarding the daily sharing of money after begging, it was observed that 42 respondents, or 42%, indicated that they share equally, i.e., 50-50%, 24 respondents, or 24%, said that blind beggars receive 60% and the child guide 40%; 25 respondents, or 25%, said that the child guides receive nothing, as they take all the money collected home to help their families, and 9 respondents, or 9%, reported that the blind receive 90% and the child guides 10% of the daily income. When asked whether they were satisfied with the sharing of money, the child guides of blind beggars said they were not satisfied (26 respondents, or 52%); 22 respondents, or 44%, were satisfied with the amount they received, and 2 respondents, or 4%, did not respond. Keywords: exploitation-child beggar guides, blind beggar, vulnerable family, children guide
In Kisangani, extreme poverty forces families to send children into the streets as guides for blind beggars, a system that facilitates child exploitation and violates fundamental rights to education and protection. This cycle persists due to a lack of social safety nets and employment for the visually impaired. This article investigates why public authorities struggle to eradicate this phenomenon, hypothesizing that systemic state failure is the root cause. Utilizing the theory of state failure, the study analyzed data from 30 key respondents. Results show that 100% of officials confirm a total lack of monitoring and follow-up policies to implement existing child protection laws, rendering them "dead letters." Furthermore, the National Children's Council (CNEN) remains entirely non-functional due to zero financial support. The study reveals a stark funding crisis: 80% of institutions receive no budget for child protection initiatives. This financial neglect results in severe staff demotivation, with meager monthly salaries ranging between $92.8 (260,000 FC) and $114.2 (320,000 FC), while many agents receive no compensation at all. Consequently, the state's inability to fund and operationalize its own legal frameworks leaves children vulnerable to ongoing exploitation. Keywords: poverty, blind, state failure, National Children's Council Introduction
In many countries of the world including Nigeria, flood has destroyed many properties and kill and displaced many people in vulnerable communities. Its adverse economic, social, political and cultural effects is enormous, occasioning the implementation of policy frameworks to control, manage and mitigate its effects on victims, particularly, in Kogi State. Over time, efforts to control and manage flood risks by stakeholders in collaboration with members of vulnerable communities have failed to yield the desired results. Using focused group discussion to collect data and thematic content analysis to analyse it, the study highlights the relevance of community-based approach to controlling and managing flood incidences and risks. The study notes that while government and civil society have promising results, community self-help efforts have more potential benefits. However, these remedial efforts are challenged by lack of community engagement and responsiveness to early warning signals, poverty and historical attachment to ancestral land which inhibits resettlement plans. Therefore, the need to encourage community resilience, participation and responsiveness to flood control and manage plans to guarantee community safety and post flood rehabilitation of victims in Kogi State for improved well-being and lifelong living is advocated. Key Words: Flood control, vulnerable communities, well-being, Riverine and management
This study evaluates the suitability of rice husk ash (RHA) as a sustainable additive in the production of burnt clay tiles in Nigeria. With increasing environmental concerns and the need to reduce dependence on virgin raw materials, agricultural waste such as rice husk presents an important source of silica-rich pozzolanic material. The research investigates how partial substitution of clay with RHA influences the physicochemical, mechanical, and thermal performance of burnt clay tiles. Clay samples and agricultural rice husk wastes were collected, processed, characterized, and incorporated in clay bodies at replacement levels of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight. Standard laboratory tests including particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, loss on ignition, chemical oxide composition, water absorption, linear shrinkage, bulk density, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity were conducted following ASTM and BS standards (ASTM C20–00, 2000; BS 3921, 1985). Results show that RHA contains high amorphous silica (76–92%), making it highly reactive. Incorporation of RHA led to reductions in density and thermal conductivity but increased water absorption due to increased porosity. Optimal compressive strength was achieved at 10% RHA addition, indicating a beneficial pozzolanic interaction between RHA silica and clay alumina. Higher replacement levels (above 15%) weakened structural integrity due to excessive pore formation. The study concludes that RHA is a viable, eco-friendly additive capable of improving thermal insulation and reducing production costs, and can be used sustainably in clay tile manufacturing industries in Nigeria.
This paper discusses the customary witchcraft in Hausa society (maita, tsafi and kambun-baka) as it is practiced, the practices and beliefs and importantly its purpose in the culture. A qualitative descriptive design was used to gather data based on in-depth interviewing, focus group discussions, participant observation, and analysis of the documentary with the participants who were elders, traditional healers, accused people and community members. The results indicate that witchcraft is still a strong belief system and plays an explanatory and controlling role in Hausa cultures. Women, children and the old are the groups that are charged with witchcraft disproportionately resulting in social exclusion, stigma and mobility limitations. The ancient belief entails rituals, natural remedies, protective amulets, and spiritual advice; this emphasizes the practical purpose of witchcraft in alleviating ill fate and social union. The paper also concludes that the contemporary forces of the influence of Islam, formal education and the media are more or less redefining the perceptions, even though traditional values still exist especially in the rural regions. The concept of witchcraft is thus a two-sided system because, although it maintains cultural identity and social order, it sometimes brings conflict and weakness. The researcher concludes that the culturally sensitive interventions such as community education, cooperation between legal and traditional authority and gender-based research should be used to reduce the negative effects of the situation without encroaching on the Hausa cultural heritage. Keywords: social control, Hausa society, witchcraft, cultural beliefs, gender vulnerability.
Electronic word of mouth (eWOM) has become an important factor on influencing consumer purchasing decisions in the digital era; with the fast growth of social media platforms consumers increasingly rely on shared experiences or perhaps opinions from other users before making purchase decisions. This study examines the impact of eWOM on consumer decision making and studies how online reviews shape consumer views and trust toward products and services. The research adopts a quantitative and qualitative approaches using a questionnaire distributed to a sample of respondents. Specifically, A Likert scale was made to measure opinions toward eWOM and its sincerity of online reviews and their influence on final purchasing decisions. The data was then collected and was analyzed using descriptive statistical methods to identify patterns and trends in consumer behavior. The findings show that eWOM has a strong influence on consumer decisions particularly when reviews are perceived as reliable; consumers tend to trust people generated content more than traditional advertising that is shown by big businesses, as it provides real and experience information. The study finishes off with the conclusion that businesses should actively manage their online presence and should also give encouragement towards positive customer feedback to give further growth to consumer trust and purchasing intentions. This research will contribute to a better understanding of eWOM’s role in modern consumer behavior and offers insights for marketers seeking to leverage digital platforms effectively.
Language interference is a significant challenge in teaching English within multilingual educational settings, such as secondary schools in the Republic of Uzbekistan. This study aims to analyze the most common types of interference experienced by Grade 7–8 learners, focus-ing specifically on phonological, lexical, and grammatical interference. Through qualitative analysis of students’ oral and written language production, the research identifies recurring patterns of negative transfer from the learners’ first language(s) into English. The findings indicate that phonological interference primarily affects pronunciation accuracy, lexical interference leads to literal transla-tions and inappropriate word choices, and grammatical interference results in structural errors influenced by the norms of the native language. The study discusses pedagogical implications and proposes methodological strategies to mitigate interference in English lan-guage classrooms. Overall, the results enhance our understanding of cross-linguistic influence at the lower secondary level and support the improvement of teaching practices in Uzbekistan.
This case study examines the Floating Health Clinic program in Bangladesh, an innovative community-based primary health care model designed to reach populations living in riverine (chars) and flood-prone regions. Beginning in 2018, it has provided maternal and child health services, family planning, immunization, nutrition counselling, and basic non-communicable disease care through boat-based clinics operated by NGOs. These clinics were particularly vital during seasonal floods and the COVID-19 pandemic, when access to land-based facilities were severely disrupt. As of 2024, the intervention has scaled up from its initial one boat to six fully functional FHCs. It has provided healthcare services to 1.17 million people in 18 different location of 11 districts of Bangladesh. Using a mixed-method review of program reports, NGOs documentation, and community surveys, this case study highlights improvements in antenatal care coverage, immunization uptake, child growth monitoring, family planning service utilization, and continuity of care during floods. Challenges included sustainability of financing, staff retention in remote areas, and integration into the formal health system. Lessons from this initiative offer insights for other low- and middle-income countries facing geographic and climate-related barriers to primary health care.
This study evaluates how modified teaching approaches affect learning for children with disabilities at SOS Primary School in Area 22, Lilongwe Malawi. Inclusive education remains a key priority in Malawi; however children with disabilities continues to face significant barriers to effective learning within exclusive classrooms. The study aimed to assess the types of modified teaching approaches used by teachers, examine their influence on learner’s academic performance and classroom performance. This research study was a qualitative case study and the data was collected from teachers and learners using interviews and observations and the data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The sample size consisted of 15 persons, the researcher gathered 12 respondents making a response rate of 80%. The finding showed that the teachers improvise when teaching to make the learning environment more inclusive.
Dans un contexte mondial marqué par la stagnation économique et la montée du chômage, cette étude examine l’influence de l’entrepreneuriat sur la réduction du chômage en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC), en mettant particulièrement l’accent sur la commune de LEMBA. Bien que dotée de ressources naturelles considérables, la RDC reste parmi les pays les plus pauvres, en raison de profondes inégalités, de la faiblesse des services publics et d’une gouvernance défaillante. Face à ces contraintes, l’entrepreneuriat apparaît comme une voie privilégiée pour stimuler l’économie et améliorer les conditions de vie. La recherche repose sur l’hypothèse que l’entrepreneuriat contribue de manière significative à la réduction du chômage et que les petites et moyennes entreprises locales se concentrent principalement sur des secteurs tels que le commerce, la communication et les services. Sur le plan méthodologique, des questionnaires et des entretiens semi directifs ont permis de recueillir les données. Les résultats mettent en évidence le rôle essentiel de l’entrepreneuriat dans la création d’emplois et l’amélioration des conditions socio économiques, malgré des obstacles persistants, notamment le manque de financements.
L’objectif de cette étude a consisté à analyser l’incidence du taux de change dans une économie partiellement dollarisée de la République Démocratique du Congo de 1990 à 2022. En effet, elle a passé en revue les analyses empiriques des études antérieures afin de comprendre la dollarisation de l’économie et donner une solution palliative. Ainsi, la problématique a tourné au tour de la question suivante : Comment les déterminants du taux de change influencent – ils une économie congolaise partiellement dollarisée ? Cette étude a fait recours au modèle ARDL pour vérifier cette recherche. Après analyse, le test de cointégration aux bornes a confirmé l’existence de la relation de cointégration entre les variables du modèle, ce qui a permis de spécifier et d’estimer les modèles à correction d’erreur. Les estimations ont montré que la force de rappel vers l’équilibre de long terme s’est avérée, à la fois, significative et comprise entre 0 et 1 en valeur absolue. Ainsi, les modèles estimés se sont avérés concluants et robustes.
This study examines the effects of organizational culture and human resource empowerment on employee performance, with job satisfaction serving as a mediating variable, among functional officials at the Directorate General of Industrial Relations and Social Security (Ditjen PHIJSK). The study employs a causal associative quantitative approach and utilizes Partial Least Squares (PLS) path analysis. The findings are expected to clarify the direct and indirect relationships among organizational culture, human resource empowerment, job satisfaction, and employee performance within the context of recent bureaucratic reforms through a conceptual model. This study is expected to provide practical implications for improving performance management and human resource policies in government institutions.
Aortopulmonary fistula occur when there is a communication between aorta and adjacent pulmonary artery. It is a rare but has been thought to be uniformly fatal if not treated. However, they usually occur after erosion or rupture of a degenerative or false aneurysm of the distal aortic arch or descending thoracic aorta into the lung, but can also be caused by trauma or post-operative complications after aortic surgery. This case highlights the importance of thorough imaging studies in patients with unexplained chronic respiratory symptoms and the role of CT diagnosis in managing rare and high morbidity vascular pathologies.
Introduction: The impact of COVID-19 pandemic was observed as crucial on the profitability Analysis of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in North Macedonia. Analyzing the post-COVID effect on the Profitability of SME-s is value added of this undertaken research on the grounds of estimating the efficiency of SME-s. Aim: The aim of the research is to outline how firm profitability of the SME-s measured by ROI and ROA was impacted by the pandemic COVID-19 in North Macedonia, considering also quantitative measures like working capital, turnover, and short-term liabilities. Method: The paper applies static panel analysis, like Least Square Dummy Variable accounting for time fixed effects and firm fixed effects and Fixed Effects with Driscoll and Kraay standard errors where significant time and country dummies are added in the FEDK estimates, as a robustness check to LSDV estimates. Findings: The results outline significantly negative effect of interaction terms of COVID-19 with the selected regresses on the Profitability Analysis of the SME-s, on both cases, measured by ROI and ROA. Conclusion: These results have important implications for financial efficiency of the private sector in North Macedonia. Originality and value: The policy implication of the study implies that North Macedonia should build valid government policies on promoting positive private sector developments. Keywords: Profitability, ROI, ROA, firm efficiency
This study aims to examine the relationship between working memory and social competence among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study involved 40 children aged between 6 and 11 years, utilizing various working memory tests, including the Forward Digit Span, Backward Digit Span, Modified Digit Span, and Corsi Blocks Test, alongside a multidimensional social competence scale. The results revealed a strong and statistically significant correlation between working memory and various dimensions of social competence. Based on these findings, the study outcomes can guide future research to explore whether working memory training could positively impact the social competence of this population.
In this paper, a comprehensive description was provided of the research design that was employed to investigate the school planning and management of Ituri Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo in the years 2021-24. The research philosophy was a pragmatic philosophy that was founded on the importance of combining both the quantitative and qualitative research philosophies due to the complexity in the characteristics of the educational processes in conflict-influenced situations. The convergent parallel mixed methods design was adopted, making it possible to collect and analyze the quantitative data drawn from the questionnaire and use the qualitative data collected with the help of the interviews, discussions in the focus groups, and observations. This facilitated the triangulation of the findings and consequently added depth, credibility, and reliability to the findings. The chapter has defined the site where the study will be carried out, which involves the selection of the urban and rural districts since it will be representative of the heterogeneity of conflict exposure and quality of infrastructure, as well as educational problems in Ituri. The group of interest was the entire population of the school heads, teachers, education officers, parents, and community leaders, and this provided multi-stakeholder planning, management, and community participation. The stratified random sampling technique was employed to offer representation at a geographical regional level and a school grade, since the stratified random sampling technique is the procedure to offer a trial sample, given the combined methodological research. The creation and management of the research tools were offered in the form of the development of the questionnaires and interview guides, and the checklists (observation checklists), and were tested extensively regarding their validity and reliability. The alpha of Cronbach had demonstrated the high degree of reliability of the quantitative items, but the items of the qualitative tools were tested on the pilot level and developed to reveal the details of a certain perception. In addition to the informed consent, confidentiality, minimization of risks, and safe conduct of data collection in conflict-prone areas, ethics were also emphasized during the procedure. It additionally put into consideration methodological weaknesses in the chapter, which included access, risk of response bias, translation issues in language, and logistical constraints due to insecurity. These limitations were alleviated through the involvement of local authorities, scheduling, triangulation, and repetition of verification as the strategies to guarantee the validity of the results. The chapter demonstrates that the research design was ethics-sensitive, context-sensitive, and well-grounded, and could have resulted in wide, valid, and useful knowledge on school planning and management in Ituri. The combination of the statistical analysis, as well as the thorough qualitative exploration of the issue, also allows the methodology to successfully achieve the entire perspective of struggles, practices, and the frames of the stakeholders within the conflict-related educational setting. The second chapter describes the field results in accordance with the study, in which the quantitative inclinations were combined with the qualitative descriptions in order to achieve the image of school regulation and learning provision in Ituri Province. and hence preparation, planning, and control of the schooling is presumably an uphill undertaking. The colonialist Congo education was largely the missionary education via the missionary societies, in which the Catholics and the Protestants controlled the schooling system. As it seemed, in 1958, the country had fewer than 16 graduates of universities (Gondola, 2002). It was a national burden that restored the autonomy of the Congolese national individuals whose educational system was based on a lower structural point, centralized, and too dependent on foreign forces. The formation and development of the state-based and inclusion-oriented education was predetermined by a sudden rush in the course of the 1960s and other decades of the political crisis (Fonkoua, 2015).
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