Volume 13, Issue 5, May 2025 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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Effect of Working Capital Management on Financial Performance of Manufacturing Companies in Rwanda. Case Study of Inyange Industries Ltd, Rwanda []


The study is about the effect of working capital management on financial performance of manufacturing companies in Rwanda. Case study of Inyange Industries Ltd. The general objective of the study is to assess the effect of working capital management on financial performance of manufacturing companies in Rwanda and the study guided with three specific objectives which are to evaluate how Inyange Industries Ltd financial performance is impacted by cash management, to examine the impact of inventory management on financial performance of Inyange industries Ltd and to assess how the financial performance of Inyange Industries Ltd is affected by account payable management. The study is guided with, the operating cycle theory, the pecking order theory and liquidity preference theory. The study used 10 years of observation, The study adopted descriptive design and correlation research design and the data analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The data was obtained from secondary, through audited financial report of Inyange industries Ltd from 2014 up to 2023. In data analysis SPSS was used. The research findings reveal that working capital management significantly influences the financial performance of Inyange Industries Ltd. The study provides the findings as follow. First, regarding cash management, the unstandardized coefficient for cash management was positive (1.070). But the high p-value (0.039) suggests that cash management, in this context, does meaningfully contribute to the company’s financial performance; The unstandardized coefficient of (1.394) with a p-value of (0.024) indicates that inventory management has significance positive effect on financial performance. The account payable management demonstrate a positive relationship with financial performance; the unstandardized coefficient of (1.676) with p-value (0.017). The study concludes that working capital management effect significantly Inyange Industries Ltd financial performance with cash, inventory and account payable management affect positively. It recommends that Inyange industries Ltd, should implement stricter cash budgeting, optimize receivable collection and reduce idle cash. For government of Rwanda should ensure that financial institutions offer affordable credit to manufacturing firms to avoid liquidity issues. Other manufacturing firms should ensure they do not damage supplier relationship or incur penalties which could negatively effect operations. Should also focus on enhancing cash management strategies through effective cash flow forecasting. Key words: Working Capital Management, Financial Performance and Manufacturing Companies

Ubuntu’s Moderate Communitarianism: A Culturally-Grounded Approach to Suicide Prevention []


Suicide remains a global public health crisis, with rates rising sharply in many low- and middle-income countries. While biomedical and psychological interventions dominate prevention strategies, these often neglect the socio-cultural dimensions of mental health. This paper explores Ubuntu - a Southern African philosophical framework emphasizing relational personhood, community interdependence, and moral responsibility - as a viable conceptual model for suicide mitigation. Specifically, the paper defends Ubuntu’s moderate communitarianism, which balances collective obligation with individual dignity, as an ethical lens for understanding and addressing suicide. Drawing from philosophical analysis, public health data, and examples of community-based practices in sub-Saharan Africa, the paper argues that Ubuntu offers a culturally resonant framework that could strengthen social cohesion, reduce isolation, and restore meaning in contexts where individuals feel disconnected or devalued. The concept of umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu ("a person is a person through other persons") fosters communal accountability and empathy, both of which are protective factors in suicide prevention. While recognizing the limitations of traditional systems, including issues of exclusion and normativity, the paper concludes that Ubuntu-informed interventions may enrich global mental health responses by grounding them in ethical solidarity and social care. A call is made for empirical studies to assess the practical integration of Ubuntu principles in suicide prevention programs across diverse contexts.

Evaluation of anesthetiological care of surgical emergencies at the Sikasso Hospital []


Abstract Introduction The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of anesthetiology management of SIKASSO hospital surgical emergencies. Methodology This was a prospective study on the quality assessment of anesthetic practices of surgical emergencies from September 1 to November 30, 2016. Our study focused on all patients with emergency anesthesia during our study period. All patients who have undergone an emergency anesthesia without distinction of age, ethnicity, religion in the emergency room; Was not included all the patients operated urgently outside the Emergency Reception Service, in gyneco-obstetrics. The data was collected on the investigation sheets and analyzed from the EPI Info 3.5 software. The entry was made from the Windows XP software. Results over a period of 03 months We have completed our study of Sikasso's 197 patients on 2579 patients received in consultation or a frequency of 7.63% Conclusion at the end of our study which lasted from September to November and which has Worn on the entire anesthetized population urgently in the general trauma, urology surgery, we were able to take stock of several elements related to our practice of anesthesia.One of the essential interests of this study has been the collection of incidents and accidents among the anesthetic population in the same structure, by the same practitioners over the same study period. Key words: assessment, anesthetiological, surgical emergencies.

ELECTRONIC PROCUREMENT SYSTEM ON PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES []


The general objective of this study was to assess the effect of the electronic procurement system on the performance of public procurement procedures at MUHIMA District Hospital. The study was guided by the following Specific Objectives: To assess the effect of E-Bidding on the performance of public procurement procedures at MUHIMA District Hospital, to evaluate the effect of E-Contract on the performance of public procurement procedures at MUHIMA District Hospital, to establish the effect of E-Evaluation on the performance of public procurement procedures at MUHIMA District Hospital, and to analyze the effect of E-Catalogue on the performance of public procurement procedures at MUHIMA District Hospital. This study was conducted at MUHIMA District Hospital, Kigali-Rwanda, within the period between 2020 and 2023, which was considered sufficient to generate the desired information. The study adopted a descriptive research design, involving the collection of data at a single point in time from the target population. Descriptive research meant that the study aimed to describe phenomena as they were without manipulation. The total population of the research consisted of 110 employees and managers at MUHIMA District Hospital. Since the sample size was small and fewer than 100, depending on the case study, the researcher considered the entire population, eliminating the need for a sample size formula. The data sources were primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected by the researcher through field visits, using questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Secondary data were gathered through document reviews. Data analysis and interpretation were performed using SPSS. The findings revealed a strong consensus among respondents on the importance of E-Bidding, E-Catalogue, and E-Evaluation in various procurement activities. A significant majority (61.8%) agreed that E-Bidding helped identify goods and services, with 24.5% strongly agreeing. Furthermore, 64.5% agreed and 35.5% strongly agreed that E-Bidding influenced the submission of purchase requests, and 57.3% agreed and 42.7% strongly agreed that it was crucial for vendor selection. Additionally, 57.3% agreed and 40.0% strongly agreed that E-Bidding played a key role in price negotiations, while 82.7% agreed and 15.5% strongly agreed that it affected the creation of purchase orders ‘Catalogue also received strong support, with 57.3% strongly agreeing and 27.3% agreeing that it helped identify goods and services. A unanimous 100% of respondents agreed that E-Catalogue influenced the submission of purchase requests. Moreover, 80.9% strongly agreed and 10.0% agreed that it played a significant role in vendor assessment, and 57.3% strongly agreed and 27.3% agreed that it was important for price negotiations. A vast majority (97.3%) supported E-Catalogue's role in purchase order creation, with only a small fraction (2.7%) disagreeing. Finally, E-Evaluation showed overwhelming support, with 100% of respondents strongly agreeing that it played a role in identifying goods and services. It also received strong recognition for its influence on purchase requests (99.1% agreement), price negotiations (100% agreement), and vendor selection. Key words: E-Bidding, E-Catalog, E-Evaluation, E-Contract

INSIGHTS INTO HIGH ENTROPY PRUSSIAN BLUE ANALOGUE BATTERIES: LATTICE MECHANISMS, SYNTHESIS AND ENHANCEMENT []


Prussian Blue Analogues (PBAs) are rising as popular energy storage materials due to their open, face-centred cubic lattice and tunable electro-chemical properties. In particular, high-entropy PBAs (HE-PBAs), of general formula AₓM₂[M₁(CN)₆]ᵧ·nH₂O (0 ≤ x ≤ 2, 0 ≤ y ≤ 1), leverage a multicomponent lattice stability and enhanced performance with mixed‐valence metal centers to stabilize the host structure, homogenize cation distribution, and optimize ion-transport channels. This review compiles recent advances in low-cost, scalable synthesis methods—including co-precipitation and other methods employed for enhancement of the battery’s performance, such as vacancy engineering and carbon coating, additionally providing a comparison on the specific capacity and retention of the materials with work from other experiments. Analysis of X-ray diffraction and microscopy in various studies reveals how lattice vacancies, surface modifications, and framework substitutions influence electronic conductivity and ion diffusivity. Across reported studies, HE-PBAs consistently deliver enhanced electrochemical performance, exhibiting high reversible capacities, rapid charge–discharge rates, with easily preparable materials and cost-effective methods with procurable com-ponents, positioning them as strong candidates for commercial and grid-scale energy storage, for which future research is encouraged.

THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE CHANGING FACE OF PUBLIC OPEN SPACES IN OLD PORT HARCOURT TOWNSHIP []


There has been an increased consciousness recently in Nigeria on the importance of recreation. This is reflected in the increase in the use of public open spaces in Nigerian urban centres. As the population of the city of Port Harcourt is rising astronomically daily, it is also expected that there should be a corresponding increase in the number of public open spaces for recreational activities by urban managers but this expectation is far from reality. The available open public spaces provided by the designers of the initial development plan of the city are gradually being converted to other land use activities. The inability of the available open spaces to serve the high population in terms of their outdoor recreational pursuit has resulted into a situation where the open streets in residential neighbourhoods are being used for congregational meetings and as play areas by neighbourhoods kids. The implications in this respect are diverse both to the residents and policy makers. In view of this, a clinical study was conducted in order to advance solution on how best to tackle this unpleasant situation in the city of Port Harcourt. It was discovered that lack of statutory policy on the part of policy makers in the provision, development and management of public open spaces was responsible for the decrease in number and degeneration of existing public open spaces especially in the Old Port Harcourt Township. This study has therefore come to the conclusion that the establishment of a statutory policy to protect and guide the development of public open spaces should be the first step in the provision and development of public open spaces. This study believes that this can only be possible if the government will cease to look at public open spaces in terms of its economic benefit to the government alone but also in the light of its psychological and physical benefits to the members of the public. This paper is an outcome of a rigorous field research covering several months. Mixed Method Research Design was adopted in the collection of information for the study. Literature from previous works of other scholars relevant to the study was also used to add some flesh to the study. The success of the response from respondents contributed greatly to the success of this research work.

CYBERBULLYING ON FACEBOOK AND STUDENTS’ SELF-ESTEEM []


Abstract Cyberbullying is one of the major contributors of negativity, especially when accomplished through Facebook. This study aimed to determine the relationship between cyberbullying on Facebook and students’ self-esteem at Southern de Oro Philippines College. A total of 300 students from different departments such as Education, Criminology, Information Technology, and Business Administration, were selected as respondents using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Purposive sampling was employed to choose intentionally students who are active Facebook users and are likely to have experienced or witnessed cyberbullying, thereby ensured the collection of relevant data. Meanwhile, snowball sampling allowed initial participants to refer others who also fit the criteria, making it easier to reach more students who had been exposed to such experiences. A descriptive correlational research design was employed and utilized an adapted questionnaire. Mean, Standard Deviation and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient were used to analyze and interpret data gathered. Results revealed that cyberbullying on Facebook is moderately experienced by students, with cyberstalking being more prevalent than cyber harassment. Respondents exhibit a moderate level of self-esteem. There is a significant negative correlation between cyberbullying on Facebook and students' self-esteem. This means that students are aware of Facebook cyberbullying and know how to get away from it. Thus, awareness programs on cyberbullying and self-esteem be continued in order to uphold safe online habits. Keywords: cyberbullying, Facebook, self-esteem

Quality Services of the School and Students’ Satisfaction []


Abstract This study examines the quality of services at Southern Philippines College and its relationship with student satisfaction. The primary objective was to assess the extent of service quality across five dimensions: tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, and to evaluate how these factors relate to students' overall satisfaction with the institution. A descriptive-correlational research design was employed, utilizing surveys with a validated and reliable modified questionnaire adapted for this study. Respondents included college students enrolled during the academic year of the study. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as Mean and Standard Deviation and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient to determine the relationship between service quality and student satisfaction. The results showed that the school provides highly efficient services, and that students expressed high levels of satisfaction. Furthermore, a significant positive relationship was found between the quality of services and student satisfaction, indicating that the school's service quality directly influences students' overall experiences. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Southern Philippines College sustain its current high levels of service quality to maintain and enhance student satisfaction. Keywords: quality service, students’ satisfaction

STRESS MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND ACADEMIC ENGAGEMENT []


This research was focused on the relationship between stress management strategies and academic engagement among students. The aim was to determine the level of stress management strategies such as acceptance, religion, venting, and emotional support, and the level of academic engagement, which included cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects. A descriptive correlational design was used in this study, where the respondents are the 125 College of Education students of Southern de Oro Philippines College during the Academic Year 2023-2024. An adapted questionnaire was. To interpret and analyze the data, Mean and Standard Deviation were used in problems 1 and 2, while Pearson's Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient was used in problem 3. Results revealed that students have a very high stress management especially on religion and acceptance, and a very high academic engagement too. There is a significant positive correlation between stress management and academic engagement. It can be concluded that students who effectively manage stress tend to stay more academically engaged. Thus, by maintaining focus on practices like emotional support, students can better manage their stress, which in turn supports their academic success and overall well-being. Keywords: acceptance, emotional support, religion, venting

Student Body Officers Leadership Skills and Extracurricular Engagement of Students []


This study examined the correlation between Student Body Officers’ Leadership Skills and Extracurricular Engagement of Education Students at Southern de Oro Philippines College during the School Year 2023-2024. Using a descriptive correlational design, data were collected from 125 students of Bachelor of Elementary Education (CTE) and Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSED), through random sampling. The data gathered used a validated and reliability tested questionnaire and analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation, and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient. Results showed that a student body officers’ leadership skills have the most significant relationship on extracurricular engagement of students. Leadership indicators—Model the Way, Challenge the Process, and Enable Others to Act—showed a strong link to high extracurricular engagement (affective and behavioral aspects). These findings highlight the crucial role of student leadership in fostering active participation, collaboration, and a dynamic school community. It is recommended that Schools should sustain leadership development programs and extracurricular activities to ensure continuous students’ engagement. Providing resources, training, and opportunities for student officers will help maintain a positive and inclusive school environment.

ETHICAL CONCERNS IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE - DRIVEN EDUCATION: PERPECTIVE FROM EDUCATORS AND STUDENTS []


This study, titled Ethical Concerns in Artificial Intelligence–Driven Education: Perspectives from Educators and Students, explores the ethical implications of AI integration in educational settings. Conducted through a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) involving 12 participants - 6 educators and 6 students - from the Computer Systems Institute in Legazpi City, the research aims to understand the ethical concerns that arise with the increasing use of AI tools in the classroom. The study seeks to uncover insights from both groups to inform the development of ethical guidelines and responsible practices for AI use in education. It highlights the importance of including diverse voices in shaping AI policies, ensuring that those directly affected by AI technologies play a central role in their implementation. Based on the discussions and analysis, several key findings emerged. First, the primary ethical concerns include data privacy, algorithmic bias, academic dishonesty, and the lack of transparency in how AI tools operate. Second, both students and educators expressed unease about how personal data is managed and acknowledged that AI systems could produce biased or unfair outcomes. Third, institutions were found to lack clear policies and sufficient resources to address these ethical issues effectively. Finally, strategies identified to promote responsible AI use included the formulation of clear policies, teacher training, transparency in AI systems, critical reflection on AI’s impact, and equitable access to AI technologies. These findings indicate a need for proactive and collaborative efforts in designing frameworks that prioritize fairness, accountability, and student well-being. From these findings, the study concludes that ethical concerns regarding AI in education largely center on privacy, bias, and academic integrity. Both educators and students recognize the risks associated with unregulated AI use and emphasize the need for transparent, fair, and well-communicated guidelines. Institutions face significant challenges due to the absence of coherent frameworks and limited support mechanisms, highlighting the need for structured and inclusive approaches to AI integration in education. It also became evident that awareness and ethical literacy regarding AI remain limited among stakeholders, pointing to the urgency of integrating AI ethics into teacher education and student curriculum. To address these challenges, the study recommends that educational institutions develop clear and comprehensive AI policies, enforce strict data privacy and fairness standards, and invest in continuous professional development for teachers. Additionally, institutions should create mechanisms for evaluating AI tools, engage all stakeholders in ethical discussions, and ensure equitable access to technology. Promoting a culture of ethical awareness and responsibility in AI use is essential to uphold educational integrity. These measures are vital for fostering a learning environment where AI serves as a tool for empowerment rather than a source of inequality or harm. Keywords: Academic Integrity, Aemilianum College Inc., AI Ethics, AI In Education, AI-Driven Learning, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Educational Technology, Ethical Concerns, Responsible AI Use

THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PERSONALIZED LEARNING: PERSPECTIVE OF EDUCATORS AND LEARNERS []


This study, entitled “The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Personalized Learning: Perspective of Educators and Learners,” investigates how teachers and students at Magallanes National High School in Sorsogon perceive and experience the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in the classroom. Employing a qualitative approach, the research involved six Senior High School teachers from various subject areas and six students from different academic strands in Grades 11 and 12. Data were collected through focus group discussions, interviews, and questionnaires to explore how AI supports instructional practices, enhances learning experiences, and presents challenges for both educators and learners. The study also examined the need for training, ethical awareness, and institutional strategies to ensure the responsible and effective use of AI technologies in education. The findings revealed several key insights. First, both educators and students generally view AI as a valuable tool in facilitating personalized learning, with its capacity to tailor content to individual needs; however, concerns persist about over-reliance and the accuracy of AI-generated outputs. Second, the implementation of AI-driven learning presents challenges, including questionable content reliability, diminished human interaction, and a potential decline in critical thinking. Third, while AI enhances student engagement, motivation, and academic performance through personalized content and immediate feedback, it also raises concerns regarding reduced effort and overdependence. Lastly, ethical and practical concerns such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, academic dishonesty, and superficial content generation were highlighted as potential obstacles to meaningful learning. From these findings, several conclusions were drawn. Educators and students recognize AI's role in enriching personalized learning but remain cautious about its limitations. There is a clear need to address implementation issues, particularly the risk of over-reliance and the importance of preserving essential cognitive and interpersonal skills. While AI does improve engagement and performance, it must be used in ways that continue to foster independent learning and critical thinking. Ethical concerns—especially regarding data use and academic integrity - must be addressed to ensure AI enhances rather than undermines education. Based on the conclusions, this study recommends providing both educators and students with training on the responsible and effective use of AI, emphasizing content verification and the development of critical thinking. Institutions should implement strategies that maintain a balance between AI use and human interaction to preserve the relational and cognitive aspects of learning. Furthermore, schools should promote independent learning and establish clear ethical guidelines, supported by digital literacy programs, to address concerns such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, and academic misconduct. These efforts will help ensure that AI becomes a powerful, ethical, and supportive tool in the educational landscape. Keywords: Aemilianum College Inc, Artificial Intelligence, Academic Performance, AI Ethics in Education, AI in Education, Digital Learning Tools, Education Technology, Student Engagement

Leveraging IoT and Machine Learning for Climate Resilient Agriculture: A Predictive Platform for Real-Time Data Analysis and Decision Support []


This paper presents an IoT-based web platform designed to generate predictive analyses on the impacts of climate change in agriculture. By leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) technology, the platform collects real-time data from various agricultural sensors, including soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and atmospheric conditions. The integration of machine learning algorithms allows for the analysis of this data alongside historical climate trends to generate accurate forecasts of potential agricultural risks related to climate variability. The user-friendly interface provides farmers, researchers, and policymakers with actionable insights through visual dashboards and alerts, facilitating informed decision-making for crop management and resource allocation. Through case studies and surveys conducted across diverse agricultural regions, the platform demonstrates significant improvements in yield optimization and resilience strategies against climate-related challenges. Furthermore, the machine learning showed significant improvement in climatic variability prediction accuracy.

Contribution of Capital Markets on Performance of Financial Institution in Rwanda, A Case of Bank of Kigali Public Limited Company []


ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of capital markets on the financial performance of financial institutions in Rwanda, focusing specifically on the Bank of Kigali Plc. The research aims to achieve the following objectives: To Examine the effect of equity Market on the performance of financial institution in Rwanda. To access the effect of bond market on the performance of financial institution in Rwanda. To establish the effect of securitized product on the performance of financial institution in Rwanda. The modern portfolio theory, market segmentation theory securization theory of finance were used in this study. This research adopted descriptive and correlational research designs. The study population is 33 individuals and census method were used because small population. Questionnaire was used for data collection. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that there is positive and significant contribution of (M=4.12, SD=1.069, p=0.038˂0.05) equity markets on performance of Bank of Kigali public limited company, there is positive and significant contribution of (M=4.27, SD=0.944, p=0.006˂0.05) bond markets on performance of Bank of Kigali public limited company, and there is positive and significant contribution of (M=3.87, SD=1.147, p=0.019˂0.05) securitized products on performance of Bank of Kigali public limited company. The study concludes that equity markets, bond markets and securitized products contribute positively and significantly to the performance of Bank of Kigali public limited company. The study suggests that Bank of Kigali should advised to implement a systematic approach for the regular review and updating of equity market conditions. Further it recommends that Bank of Kigali should encourage to invest in comprehensive training programs focused on bond markets. Additionally, Bank of Kigali should encourage to invest in comprehensive training programs focused on securitized products. Key words: Capital Markets, Financial Institution Performance and Contribution

Prevalence and Factors Associated with H Pylori Infection among Symptomatic Patients Attending Songwe Regional Referral Hospital []


Background: H pylori is very common gastrointestinal (GIT) infection affecting about half of the world’s population, and it is more prevalent in developing countries. This study provides the magnitude of H pylori infection among patients attending Songwe Regional Referral Hospital. Methods: A hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study involved 314 patients who presented with GIT symptoms and were tested for H pylori infection using the stool antigen test at Songwe Regional Referral Hospital from April to May 2023. The patient’s socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were obtained from patient files and hospital records. Statistical data analysis was performed using STATA version 15. Results: The median age of participants was 36 [23 - 53], and the main part, 215 (65.5%) were females. The majority of the study population, 212 (88.8%) were residents of Mbozi district. The prevalence of H pylori infection was found to be 118/314 (37.6%). No significant difference was observed among patients' socio-demographic and clinical characteristics in association with H pylori infection. Conclusion: H pylori infection is common among patients attending Songwe Regional Referral Hospital; hence, clinicians should raise their index of suspicion regarding the infection. However, prospective studies are needed to determine factors associated with H pylori infection in order to ensure proper management of patients with H pylori infection.

Effect of Project Planning Practices on Implementation of Homeless Project, A Case of Muhanga District, Rwanda []


This study was to investigate the effect of financial planning on implementation of homelessness project, a case study of Muhanga District. Specifically, to assess the effect of budgeting planning on implementation of homeless project in Muhanga district, to determine the effect of stakeholder planning on implementation of homeless project in Muhanga district and to examine the effect of communication planning on implementation of homeless project in Muhanga district. The theories such as budget theory, stakeholder theory and communication theory were used to guide this study. The descriptive and correlational research design were utilized. The target population was 255 people. A sample size of 150 respondents was determined by Kerjicie & Morgan table. The data were analyzed using the descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that there is effect (M=3.78, SD=1.340) of budgeting planning on implementation of homeless project in Muhanga district, there is effect (M=3.72, SD=1.261) of stakeholder planning on implementation of homeless project in Muhanga district, there is effect (M=3.72, SD=1.316) of communication planning on implementation of homeless project in Muhanga district. The study suggests that managers should conduct a thorough assessment of project costs to efficiently allocate financial resources. It emphasizes the need for a realistic budget that aligns with project goals and timelines. Involving stakeholders in the budgeting process enhances transparency and accountability, leading to better financial management. Engaging stakeholders early in the process fosters collaboration and understanding of their needs. Clear communication channels facilitate ongoing dialogue, allowing for feedback and adjustments throughout the project lifecycle. Regular updates and transparent reporting maintain stakeholder trust and commitment, reducing conflicts or misunderstandings. Key words: Project Planning Practices, Project Implementation, Homeless Project

Influence of Agile Project Management Approach on Enhancing Stakeholder Collaboration: A Case of the Streetlight Powering Project at Kirehe District, Rwanda []


The primary objective of this study is to investigate the influence of agile project management approaches on the enhancement of stakeholder collaboration. Specially, to evaluate the effect of agile communication approach on enhancing stakeholder collaboration of the streetlight-powered project at Kirehe district, to analyse the effect of agile engagement approach on enhancing stakeholder collaboration of the streetlight-powered project at Kirehe district and to examine the effect of agile motivation approach on enhancing stakeholder collaboration of the streetlight-powered project at Kirehe district. The communication theory, engagement theory, motivation theory were used. This study adopted a quantitative approach using descriptive and correlational research design. The target population was 122 populations. A sample size of 122 respondents and census method was used. Questionnaire was used for data collection. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show a high mean score of 3.80 (SD=1.314) for the effect of agile communication on enhancing stakeholder collaboration. In addition, high mean score of 3.75 (SD=1.251) for effect of agile engagement on enhancing stakeholder collaboration and high mean score of 3.78 (SD=1.279) effect of agile motivation approach on enhancing stakeholder collaboration of the streetlight-powered project at Kirehe district. The study emphasizes the importance of agile communication, highlighting the need for adaptability and responsiveness. It suggests regular open dialogue among team members to foster collaboration and align project goals. Clear communication protocols can improve efficiency and reduce misunderstandings. The study also suggests that iterative development cycles can lead to effective problem-solving and quicker adaptation to changes in project requirements. Aligning team goals with individual motivations can enhance engagement and productivity. Key words: Agile Project Management, Agile Approach, Stakeholder Collaboration

Le rôle du cinéma pour une éducation à l'esprit critique des lycéens marocains []


Dans un monde où l’image occupe une place prépondérante, le cinéma s’impose comme un outil pédagogique puissant, capable d’éveiller la curiosité, de stimuler la réflexion et d’encourager la prise de position. Au Maroc, où l’éducation est en pleine mutation, l’intégration du cinéma dans les programmes scolaires peut jouer un rôle déterminant dans le développement de l’esprit critique des lycéens. En confrontant les élèves à des récits visuels riches en enjeux sociaux, historiques et culturels, le cinéma leur offre l’opportunité d’analyser, de questionner et d’interpréter les représentations qui leur sont proposées. Dans un contexte où les jeunes sont quotidiennement exposés à une multitude de messages audiovisuels, il devient essentiel de leur fournir des clés de lecture pour distinguer les faits des opinions, déconstruire les stéréotypes et affiner leur capacité de jugement. Cet article explore comment le cinéma, en tant que support pédagogique, peut favoriser chez les lycéens marocains une approche critique du monde qui les entoure, en les amenant à réfléchir sur les valeurs véhiculées par les films et leur impact sur la perception de la réalité.

THREAT INTELLIGENCE-DRIVEN DETECTION OF CRYPTOCURRENCY FRAUD: A PROACTIVE SECURITY APPROACH []


The altercation of conventional transactions has been created by the rapid growth of cryptocurrencies in today's time and, with it, the tweaked options available for the fraudster concerned. The mechanisms of fraud detection are seldom at par with the ease at which fraud can be committed in these fast-changing, decentralized ecosystems fueled by cryptocurrency. This paper proposes a hybrid machine learning approach for threat intelligence-based fraud detection and demonstrates a clear increase in accuracy, adaptability, and real-time response in detecting fraud. The system brings together threat intelligence feeds with blockchain analytic tools to create enriched, contextual insights into transactional behavior. Random Forest is the central supervised learning model for the framework, as this will provide robustness against overfitting, strong performance with high-dimensional and imbalanced datasets, as well as be effective in finding fraud in finances. This will be complemented by the unsupervised anomaly-detecting Autoencoder neural network which captures minor differences in transaction patterns of behavior that may be potential indicators of emerging threats. Empirical evaluations revealed that the hybrid approach significantly outperformed conventional fraud detection methods in terms of both speed and precision. The results of this research show how crucial threat intelligence machine learning combines to proactive, scalable, and adaptive defenses and intensify the integrity and resiliency of decentralized financial systems.

THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CHATBOTS IN SCHOOL INQUIRY AND SUPPORT SYSTEMS []


This study, titled The Use of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots in School Inquiry and Support Systems, explores the perceptions and experiences of users regarding the integration of AI chatbots in educational institutions. The research involved twelve participants in a Focus Group Discussion (FGD), composed of six educators and six support service personnel from St. Louise de Marillac College of Sorsogon Inc. The goal was to examine how AI chatbots are utilized for managing school inquiries and delivering support services, and to identify areas for improvement to enhance their overall effectiveness and usability. Based on the results of the study, several key findings were identified. First, students and staff generally perceive AI chatbots as effective tools for handling inquiries and support services, appreciating their quick response time and accessibility. However, concerns were noted regarding contextual accuracy and information reliability. Second, users reported challenges such as the inability of AI chatbots to understand complex or context-specific queries, along with occasional inaccuracies and technical issues. Third, the use of AI chatbots significantly improves the efficiency and accessibility of school inquiry systems by offering 24/7 access and fast information retrieval. Lastly, improvements were suggested, including refining contextual understanding, integrating with real-time school systems, enhancing language processing, and implementing regular fact-checking to ensure reliable and personalized responses. From these findings, several conclusions were drawn. Students and staff recognize the effectiveness of AI chatbots, especially for quick and accessible support. Nonetheless, the limitations in contextual understanding and reliability signal the need for technological enhancements. While AI chatbots substantially boost efficiency in information services, challenges in accuracy and comprehension persist. Therefore, it is crucial to refine these systems by improving their contextual intelligence, expanding their integration with institutional databases, and increasing the frequency and quality of updates to their knowledge base. To optimize the effectiveness of AI chatbots in school inquiry and support systems, several recommendations are proposed. These include enhancing contextual understanding, maintaining a regularly updated knowledge base, and enabling the escalation of complex queries to human support staff. Additionally, refining the chatbot's language processing capabilities and technical reliability will address user concerns. Integration with real-time school systems and advanced algorithms can ensure more accurate and relevant responses. Finally, strengthening user feedback mechanisms and support pathways will improve satisfaction and foster greater trust in AI-driven support tools within educational settings. Keywords: Aemlianum College Inc., Artificial Intelligence, Chatbots, Educational Technology, Inquiry Systems, School Support Services, User Engagement, Virtual Assistance

To Evaluate the Impact of Seasonal Weather Patterns on Suspected Typhoid Outbreaks in Rural Fiji from 2015 to 2021 []


This study evaluates the impact of seasonal weather patterns, including rainfall, flooding, droughts, and tropical cyclones, on the prevalence of suspected typhoid cases in rural Fiji from 2015 to 2021. By analyzing secondary data sourced only from government annual reports and climatological summaries, this research identifies critical environmental drivers of typhoid outbreaks and explores their implications for public health strategies. The study employs statistical methods such as correlation, regression, and ANOVA to establish relationships between climate variables and typhoid incidence. The findings highlight that minimum temperature has the strongest correlation with typhoid cases, while extreme weather events, particularly cyclones and floods, exacerbate the prevalence of the disease. Conversely, drought years were associated with lower case numbers, reflecting reduced waterborne exposure during such periods. The results underscore the urgent need for climate-resilient water and sanitation infrastructure and proactive public health interventions tailored to Fiji's unique climatic and geographical context. Recommendations include the integration of predictive climate-health models, improved disease surveillance, and targeted community awareness campaigns. This research contributes to understanding the interplay between climate variability and infectious diseases in small island developing states, emphasizing the importance of adaptive strategies in mitigating the health impacts of climate change. Keywords: Typhoid, Fiji, seasonal weather patterns, climate variability, public health, waterborne diseases.