Peer-reviewed international research papers published open-access with EOI assignment and global indexing across engineering, computer science, environmental science, social sciences, and more.
By substituting traditional raw materials with EAF slag, the industry can not only reduce waste but also lower carbon emissions (CO₂) associated with cement manufacturing for environmentally friendly concrete. Utilizing scraped steel in the electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) application mainly results in lower energy consumption, a sustainable and environmentally friendly waste product from the steel industry, and lower manufacturing costs per ton of steel. The aim of this research is to show how employing electric arc furnace slag (EAF) from Misurata City, Libya's iron and steel capital, as a fine sand waste material can lessen environmental damage and improve sustainability. EAFS can be used in the following percentages to replace fine natural river sand in the production of conventional concrete: 0%, 5%, 15%, 25%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. The results showed that fresh density has been rising with EAFS percentages and slump has been decreasing in the fresh state. Slag concrete's physical characteristics were similar to those of reference concrete (Ref.). Hardened density is thought to rise as cure time increases. According to the mechanical properties, there was a slight variation from reference concrete (Ref.) and an impact on the optimal compressive strength of 40% slag replacement percentage. The difference between the EAFS ratio and the matching reference ((Δσc) revealed that in comparison to 14 days, there is a discernible change in compressive strength from days 7 to 28, and flexural (Δσf) is less than one at 28 days. When EAF slag is reacted with different hydration products, more calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel may form, which explains this evaluation.
Reading remediation teachers play a pivotal role in the teaching and learning process especially by helping struggling readers improve their reading skills. It is important that continuous and sustainable initiatives to helped teachers combat the perennial problem in reading is crucial. With this in mind, teachers should be empowered to bridge the gap in 21st-century education and overcome challenges in underprivileged areas of the country. It is also evident that in today’s computer aided era, reading remediation teachers must upskill, in order to keep up the new trends in teaching reading, and explore the what’s, how’s and why’s of reading remediation teachers, in order to advocate clear programs and policies that will strengthen the reading remediation teachers . This study aimed to determine the experiences, needs, strategies and challenges of reading remediation teachers to capacitate them. Findings revealed that teacher’s satisfaction in the progress of struggling readers, personal experiences towards teaching reading , professional development, motivation, employing different strategies, and acknowledging several challenges they encountered during remediation classes should be thought about to equip them. It is only imperative that the capacitation of reading remediation teachers be recognized and empowered to contribute to every learner’s skill in reading. Keywords: capacitation, challenged areas, challenges, experiences, motivation, needs, professional development, reading remediation, strategies, struggling readers
This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of home-based strategies in developing the reading performance of Grade Two pupils in public elementary schools in the Teresa Sub-Office during the School Year 2020–2021. Utilizing a descriptive method of research, data were gathered from 320 parents through a validated questionnaire and a short reading test administered to pupils. The study found that home-based strategies such as reading aloud, pair-share, and guided reading were often practiced and positively influenced pupils' reading levels. A significant relationship between home strategies and reading performance was established, leading to the development of an action plan to enhance these strategies further.
L’anémie est l’un des problèmes de santé publique qui se posent avec acuité chez l’enfant. Dans cette étude, il a été question de déterminer le profil épidémiologique des enfants admis avec anémie dans cinq hôpitaux de la RDC. Il s’est agi d’une enquête multicentrique et descriptive portant sur les admissions en pédiatrie avec anémie de 2019 à 2021 soit 3 ans. Les résultats de l’étude montrent que la prévalence hospitalière de l’anémie est de 24,4% dans les services de pédiatrie avec un sex-ratio M/F de 1,4. Les enfants de moins de 5 ans ont représenté 65% de cas. La moyenne d’âge est de 4 ans ± 3,5. Les âges extrêmes sont 2 mois et 19 ans. Les pics des cas d’anémie sont observés en avril, mai et décembre. La fièvre (75,6%), l’asthénie physique (44,3%), le vomissement (28,8%) et la pâleur (20,4%) sont les motifs de consultation fréquents chez les enfants anémiques. Le délai de consultation est inférieur ou égal à 2 jours dans 70% des cas. L’existence d’une maladie chronique est connue chez 6,8% de cas. Les infections représentent la première cause suspectée de l’anémie. La transfusion a été faite dans 80,9% des cas et 74% ont bénéficié d’une supplémentation hématopoïétique. La létalité s’élève à 5,3%. Le dosage systématique de l’hémoglobine à l’admission, la supplémentation hématopoïétique de tout enfant anémique et la recherche active des maladies chroniques associées à l’anémie sont indispensables pour contextualiser la prévention et le contrôle de l’anémie dans le pays. English version Anemia is one of the most acute public health problems in children. This study sought to determine the epidemiological profile of children admitted with anemia in five hospitals of DRC. This was a multicenter, cross-sectional study of pediatric admissions with anemia from 2019 to 2021, a three-year period. The study results show that the hospital prevalence of anemia is 24.4% in pediatric wards, with a male/female sex ratio of 1.4. Children under 5 years of age accounted for 65% of cases. The average age is 4 years ± 3.5. The range of ages is 2 months and 19 years. Anemia cases peak in April, May, and December. Fever (75.6%), physical weakness (44.3%), vomiting (28.8%), and pallor (20.4%) are the most common reasons for consultation among anemic children. The consultation time is less than or equal to 2 days in 70% of cases. The presence of a chronic illness is known in 6.8% of cases. Infections are the primary suspected cause of anemia. Transfusions were performed in 80.9% of cases, and 74% received hematopoietic supplementation. The case fatality rate is 5.3%. Routine hemoglobin testing upon admission, hematopoietic supplementation for all anemic children, and active screening for chronic diseases associated with anemia are essential to contextualize anemia prevention and control in the country.
Ce papier analyse de la solidité du système financier sur la dépréciation du franc congolais. Ce dissertation a pour but d’analyser le niveau de la solidité du système financier congolais sur la monnaie à cours légale. Ainsi pour ne pas déroger aux normes scientifiques, nous l’avions subdivisée en trois grands points dont ; le premier donne la lumière sur la revue de la littérature, le second nous renseigne sur la démarche méthodologique, le troisième présente les résultats empiriques et le dernier fait l’objet de l’interprétation des résultats. Nous avons fait recours à l’approche économétrique pour mieux quantifier nos résultats ; sur ce, nos résultats attestent que le coefficient d’ajustement est inferieur a ce qui traduit que le modèle est stable et non explosive ; la probabilités de la masse monétaire et du taux de couverture des dépôt et crédit étant inférieur à 5%, le TCDC (taux de couverture des dépôts et crédits des banques) et la masse monétaire sont donc statistiquement significative par contre que la probabilité du taux de change est supérieur à 5% donc elle est donc statistiquement non significative, toutes choses égale par ailleurs toute augmentation d’un pourcent de la masse monétaire augmente le taux d’inflation de 1% à courte terme et à long terme de 1,72% .
The growing urbanization of Bamako, combined with increasing food demand, encourages the consumption of readily available and easy-to-prepare products such as eggs, whose quality largely depends on the knowledge of stakeholders in the egg and egg product value chain. This study aims to assess the knowledge level and attitudes of egg vendors regarding the safety of table eggs sold on the right bank of the Bamako District. A structured face-to-face questionnaire was administered to 74 vendors operating in the municipalities located on the right bank of the district. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, vendor knowledge, attitudes, and commercial activity features were collected through targeted sampling. The data collected via KoBoToolbox were transferred to Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS software version 28.0.1 for descriptive statistics. Most of the vendors (56%) had no formal education and were predominantly women (58.1%). Additionally, 83.8% of egg retailers reported frequent spoilage of their products. To address this, 95.5% stated that they clean eggs using water-dampened sponges a poor practice that may promote bacterial proliferation. Despite these inappropriate practices, 98% of the vendors believed they were offering quality eggs, while lacking awareness of their hygiene responsibilities. This perception highlights a limited understanding of egg safety principles. Therefore, it is crucial to implement an effective public health management strategy targeting food retail outlets, in order to equip vendors with the necessary knowledge and skills to ensure hygienic and safe food handling. Keywords: Knowledge and attitudes, egg vendors, food safety, Bamako District.
The "Catch-Up Fridays Enhancement Program" (CuFEP) faces challenges in addressing reading comprehension and critical thinking among Grade 10 students. The 3Rs were introduced in the CuFEP module. Using different strategies, issues were uncovered, including engagement, access to resources, and outdated materials. Improved support systems can address attendance, motivation, and cooperation, fostering a dynamic classroom experience and empowering students to reach their full potential.
Fadama soils contains high residual moisture, cation exchange capacity, organic matter and finer texture suitable for crop production. However, they are vulnerable to deterioration due pollution from sewage, intensive application of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, leaching and flooding which affect their fertility and quality, suggesting the need for continuous evaluation. This research is undertaken to evaluate the fertility of five Fadama soils across Argungu town (Matan fada, Gadar Kura, Farfajiya, Adamu Augie College of Education and Bachaka. Twenty (20) samples were randomly collected from each site to form a composite and their physico-chemical properties analyzed. Outcomes suggested sand particle dominated the sites (52.5-76.5 %); moderate acidity (pH 5.12-5.60) indicating available nutrients and high microbial activities; Nitrogen (0.09-0.30%), phosphorus (8.7-12.5 mg/Kg) and calcium (0.74-1.10%) contents were below their critical values suggesting the need for N, P and Ca fertilization; organic carbon (6.7-8.6%), potassium (0.76-1.45 cmol/Kg), magnesium (0.39-0.76cmol/Kg) and effective cation exchange capacities (4.30-5.00 cmol/Kg) levels falls above their critical values, suggesting the possibility of sustaining crop production and heavy leaching. Keywords: Fadama soil, soil fertility, physico-chemical properties, flooding, leaching.
This paper explored the availability of heavy metals presence and their distribution in the motor parks of Gombe north senatorial district, the research uses experimental survey design and Random sampling techniques were used in collecting the samples in all the sample points at each of the four Motor Parks in which three soil samples were collected per park making a total of twelve samples. x- Ray spectrometer (XRF) was used in determining concentration profiles of the samples and 10 elements (Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, S, K, Mn, Ti, and Cr,) were established. The degrees of heavy metal contamination in soils were calculated using selected pollution indices Geo-accumulation index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), and pollution index (PI) with reference to geochemical background enrichment factor. The lowest to the highest mean plus standard deviation of Arsenic, calcium, magnesium, Sulphur, manganese, thallium and chromium ranges from 2111508.73-136.3357. 54, 253.6713.03-4.6752.78, 236.679.61-10.04.0, 75.6727.32 – 45 3.61, 394.56 56.29-288 40.95, 27.6728.01-11.672.08 in given order. The results indicated that surface soils of Gombe north Motor Parks were fairly polluted and distributed by particulates containing Si, Fe, Al, Ca, Mg, K, S, Mn, Ti and Cr. Contamination with Si, Al, Ca, Mg, S, Mn, Ti and Cr was moderate (1EF4 and PLI<1). These metals maybe, harmful on the populace using or earning their daily living in those areas. The pre-industrial activities such as improper disposal of toxic lubricants, heap of metals scraps, electronic waste, and sanitization of vehicles that might have transported agricultural chemicals, fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides are important contributing agents for releasing heavy metals on these areas. Keywords: Assessment, XRF Technique, Heavy metals, pollution, soil, Gombe north’s motor parks
Public as well as private organizations are increasingly realizing that sound records management is linked to service delivery. However, Institutions of higher learning are yet to realize the role of records management to quality service delivery. This may be due to lack of policy frameworks on management, destruction of records and inadequate qualified staff among others. Keeping students records is a crucial activity in every learning institution. Some learners misplace their results, and their only hope is to obtain a replacement from the institution. Records of what students borrowed (books, equipment) become very important when students seek to clear before graduation. Learning institutions are facing challenges in how to maintain such records as numbers of students increase and years pass. This study therefore investigated the strategies that learning institutions like the University of Zambia can implement using technological advancements in different schools to enhance students record-keeping. A case study was conducted to collect data from 20 participants from one of the Schools at the University of Zambia. Non-random sampling was utilized to select key informants from the School of Education, Admission office, Academic office, Student registry and the Library.. Interviews were employed to gather primary data from respondents, while document analysis was used to collect secondary data to corroborate the primary data. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the data. The findings revealed that students records were stored in both hard copy (files) in the school registry and soft copy using software such as Cloud gadget in the Heads of Departments, although this was only in one department. It was also revealed that the use of Atria and Moodle was not considered very reliable by students. The study further showed that the challenges in maintaining students records stemmed from the type of software and gadgets used, lack of staff training, poor internet connectivity, and slow technological advancement. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the University of Zambia should adopt advanced technology to enhance students record-keeping, especially in internet infrastructure. Additionally, the study suggests that staff members should undergo Continuing Professional Development in the field of Information and Communications Technology (ICT). Moreover, the study recommends that staff from the Library and CICT department should collaborate with schools to improve students records.
. Addressing a significant gap in research, particularly within developing countries and community college contexts, this study investigated the factors influencing enrolment continuance among third-year Business Administration students at a community college in the Philippines. Recognizing the substantial lack of research on this subject within developing nations and community colleges, this study is crucial in addressing a significant gap. The study uses Tinto's Student Retention Theory as a framework, examining personal, social, academic, and school operations variables to understand student persistence. The research employs a descriptivecorrelational design, utilizing surveys and statistical analysis of the 190 third-year BSBA students, complemented by qualitative data from focus groups and institutional records for validity. Key findings indicate that quality of instruction, academic performance, and peer relationships significantly influence enrolment continuance. Quality of instruction received the highest rating, indicating a strong teaching environment. Surprisingly, faculty support showed a negative influence on continuance, suggesting a need for further examination of support methodologies. The study highlights the importance of academic and social integration in student retention, providing actionable insights for academic institutions to enhance support programs and instructional practices. It also recommends that future research explore additional variables and utilize qualitative approaches to provide a more nuanced understanding of student retention.
. This study investigates the influence of organizational culture on employee engagement at Tagoloan Community College. Specifically, it examines the impact of values, respect, open communication, belongingness, and work environment on employee engagement levels. Employing a descriptive research design and quantitative analysis, the findings demonstrate a statistically significant positive relationship between organizational culture and employee engagement. Notably, the work environment and a sense of belongingness emerged as the most influential factors in fostering employee motivation and commitment. While the study indicates generally strong employee engagement and productivity, it also identifies challenges such as workplace distractions, inconsistencies in the implementation of stated values, and limited opportunities for collaboration. To mitigate these challenges and further enhance employee engagement and institutional success, the study recommends strengthening structured teamwork initiatives, improving feedback mechanisms, and ensuring adequate resources. Ultimately, cultivating a positive and inclusive organizational culture can lead to enhanced workplace satisfaction and sustained long-term productivity at Tagoloan Community College.
. This study takes a close look at how local businesses in Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines, connect with their community and how that affects whether people become loyal customers. What we found from our surveys is that folks in Tagoloan generally have a really good feeling about how local businesses are involved in the community. They see these businesses as actively participating in local happenings, genuinely caring about the town and its people, often teaming up with local groups, making a real positive difference, showing they're in it for the long haul, being open in their communication, building a sense of community, and listening to what the locals need. Interestingly though, people felt that these businesses could do a better job of actually asking for their opinions and giving them real ways to get involved. At the same time, we saw that people are quite loyal to their local businesses. They're very likely to shop there again, often choose local first when they need something, are willing to spend a bit more to support them, consider themselves regulars, and would be sad if their favorite local spots closed down. This kind of loyalty seems to come from both habit and a real emotional connection to the local economy. However, when it came to actively recommending these businesses to others or talking them up, people were a little less enthusiastic. Putting it all together, it looks like when local businesses are seen as being involved in the community, it helps build customer loyalty. The trust and good vibes created by community involvement seem to make people want to support those businesses. So, the study suggests that if local businesses in Tagoloan can find better ways to get feedback from the community and give people more opportunities to participate, they could make those customer relationships even stronger. This could lead to even more enthusiastic fans who actively promote the business, ultimately helping these local enterprises grow stronger and more sustainably within Tagoloan.
In situ prepared polyimide series with incorporated nickel nanoparticles were fabricated by a solution blending technique. The chemical structure of the polyimide-nickel nanocomposites was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Proton-Nuclear Magnetic spectroscopy (H-NMR). The morphology of the polyimide-nickel series was verified by Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM). The non-isothermal kinetic behavior of the fabricated BPADA-BAPP-PINiNCs series was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in a nitrogen atmosphere at heating rates (β) of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25oC/min. This study is an attempted to clarify the effects of nickel nano particles (NiNPs) on the non-isothermal degradation kinetics using Flynn–Wall–Ozawa and Kissinger models of thermal degradation analysis. The derived apparent activation energies (Ea) were found to fit well with each other (showing the same trend) thereby justifying the models used for the studies. The Ea showed significant differences at conversion (α) > 0.7, which indicates the role of Ni loading towards degradation behavior. Based on the analysis of the results, the lifetime prediction at 5% mass loss was found to decreases in the following order: 1% > 5% > 10% directly related to the mobility of BPADA-BAPP PI backbone chain. Therefore, the presence of various nickel nanoparticle loading reveals their contributions towards thermal degradation and stability of the fabricated polyimide-nickel nanocomposites.
This study examined knowledge and perception of sickle cell disease among secondary school students in Odeda Local Government Area (LGA) of Ogun State. The descriptive survey design was adapted in this study. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 120 respondents, while questionnaire was used for data collection. The descriptive statistics of frequency counts, percentages as well as means and standard deviation were used to analyze the research questions. Inferential statistics of Pearson product moment correlation was used to analyzed the hypothesis at 0.005 level of significance. The result of the study revealed that the level of knowledge of sickle cell disease was high and weighted mean = 2.86) and perception of sickle cell (weighted mean = 2.08) was good. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and perception of sickle cell disease (r=0.424) among the respondents. It was concluded that the level of knowledge of sickle cell disease was high, while the perception was good among the students. Recommendations was given that, the management of day school in Odeda local government area of Ogun State should therefore organize periodic sensitization programme on sickle cell disease specifically for incoming students to increase their knowledge on the disease, so as to avert future occurrence of the sickle cell disease, since it can be prevented if one is in the known.
Angiogenesis is the generation of the new blood vessels from the existing blood vessels. It is complex physiological process regulated by the various endogenous angiogenic factors. These factors maintain the balance in angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis. When physiological angiogenesis regulation fails pathological angiogenesis starts as in cancer and some other diseases like neurodegenerative diseases and arteriovenous malformations etc. Sustained angiogenesis is also the one of the hallmarks of cancer as it promotes both tumor growth and metastasis which is main cause of deaths in cancer patients. Angiogenesis is multistep process consists of various steps. Hypoxia, HIF-1α is the main stimulus for angiogenesis in cancer as it upregulates the expression of the angiogenesis factor. VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) is the principle pro- angiogenesis factor since it directly activates the endothelial cells and forms the linings of the blood vessels. VEGFs factors bind to tyrosine kinase vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, VEGFR-1, 2 and 3 receptors present on the surface of normal endothelial cells. VEGFR-2 plays an important role in cancer angiogenesis since it further up regulates the pathways like PI3K/Akt/mTOR, ERK and MAPK and mediates the HIF-1α/VEGF mediated angiogenesis. Anti-angiogenesis therapy is FDA approved validated anticancer therapy it has also already increased the life span of many cancer patients. In comparison to other anticancer therapies, it is less toxic since it targets the normal endothelial cells and has low risk of resistance. Anti- angiogenic therapy also has some complication like they increased aggressiveness of cancer by increasing metastasis, cancer stem cell germination through hypoxia induction etc. Most efficient way of use of the anti-angiogenesis therapy is use of angiogenesis inhibitors in combination with the conventional cytotoxic drugs.
This study explored the factors influencing the sports performance of student-athletes in the Candon City Division, focusing on physical health, skill level, awareness of school sports support, and academic-athletic balance. The respondent profile indicated diverse participation in both team sports—such as basketball and volleyball—and individual sports like chess and badminton. While most students maintained a healthy Body Mass Index (BMI), a notable decline in cardiovascular endurance was observed after assessments, signaling a need for targeted health interventions. Skill levels in basketball and volleyball were found to be at the "Developing" stage, whereas baseball skills were assessed as "Basic/Appropriate," suggesting the necessity for improved training strategies in these sports. Student-athletes demonstrated a very high level of awareness regarding the support provided for school sports, including training opportunities and facility adequacy. However, no significant correlation was found between performance and profile variables such as sex, sport type, years of experience, BMI, or cardiovascular endurance. Similarly, awareness factors showed no significant correlation with sports performance, except for a notable negative correlation between trainer sufficiency and baseball performance. The findings underscore the importance of enhancing training programs, maintaining healthy physical conditions, and balancing academic-athletic commitments. It is recommended that MAPEH teachers, school coordinators, and administrators implement targeted interventions, invest in facilities, and support tailored training and fitness programs. Additionally, future research should focus on structured academic-athletic models and psychological-social support systems to holistically improve athletic performance across the division.
This article focuses on the quality of teaching in higher and university education (ESU) institutions in the Tshuapa Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo, through the professional integration of graduates (which is one indicator of external efficiency) via various national and international competitive examinations. In general, the results demonstrate that the quality of teaching at the Higher and University level in Tshuapa remains mixed. A slight variation is noticeable for those who studied in the psycho-pedagogical field, but not at a very high level.
In order to improve the quality of teaching at the higher and university level, we have chosen in this article to evaluate the teaching provided in the aforementioned province through the aspect of external efficiency. To achieve our objective, we approached educational and socio-professional stakeholders. This is because they are the consumers (users) of the higher and university education (ESU) outputs. At the conclusion of our research, the results obtained show that the quality (external efficiency) of teaching in the higher and university education (ESU) institutions of Tshuapa is low.
Rapid urbanization in Kampala has significantly increased the demand for efficient Faecal Sludge Management (FSM) systems. Traditional FSM methods are inadequate, plagued by unregulated disposal, inefficient collection, and the absence of spatial data necessary for strategic planning. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) offer a powerful solution by integrating spatial and non-spatial data to enhance decision-making in faecal sludge collection, transportation, and treatment. This paper explores the potential of GIS in transforming FSM in Kampala, drawing on case studies, identifying current challenges, and recommending future pathways for implementation.
Urbanization is the process of an increasing number of people living in a concentrated area with a constant supply of homes and sharing the advantages of some public facilities. Nigeria, one of the most populated nations in Africa, has seen a dramatic rise in its urban population as a result of high birth rates and the expanding rural-urban migration trend. People move to cities in pursuit of better living conditions, healthcare, education, and employment prospects. Nigeria's urban population has grown significantly over the last few decades, and this trend is predicted to continue as more people from rural areas move to urban areas for work-related reasons. The fast urbanisation of the continent puts more strain on the environment, sanitation, and healthcare systems in metropolitan areas, increasing the risk of infectious diseases, air pollution, and mental health problems. To guarantee that the advantages of urban living are experienced without endangering public health, it is imperative to address the health effects of overcrowding, pollution, and substandard living conditions. This requires a variety of strategies, including health education and promotion, investments in health infrastructure, efficient waste management systems, mitigation of climate change, cooperation and partnerships among national and international organisations, and housing and urban planning. Failing to address these issues may result in a higher burden of disease, fatalities, and a lower standard of living for city dwellers. By prioritizing health in urban planning and policy-making, African cities can create environments that foster well-being and reduce health disparities. Keywords: Challenges; Health Impact; Rapid Urbanization, African
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