ISSN:2320-9186
Impact Factor:4.1
ISSN:2320-9186 Impact Factor:4.1
As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies evolve, they are increasingly integrated into strategic decision-making processes across industries. This paper examines the dual role of AI in managerial practice, focusing on both the opportunities and challenges it introduces. AI systems enhance decision-making by offering predictive insights, processing large datasets in real time, reducing cognitive bias, and supporting managerial judgment. However, challenges such as algorithmic opacity, ethical concerns, over-reliance, and organizational resistance present significant barriers to effective adoption. To structure this analysis, the paper introduces a conceptual framework that views AI as a decision-support system operating across three interrelated layers: AI capabilities, the managerial interface, and the organizational context. Through a critical literature review and synthesis, the study underscores the importance of human oversight, ethical design, and leadership readiness. The conclusion offers practical recommendations for organizations aiming to leverage AI strategically while avoiding unintended consequences, particularly in volatile markets and disrupted supply chains.
ABSTRACT This study presents the physicochemical characterization of Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) as a potential renewable feedstock for biofuel generation. The biomass was harvested from freshwater sources, followed by thorough cleansing to remove dirt, sediment, and attached debris. The cleaned material was chopped and ground to enhance uniformity and increase surface area, ensuring accu-rate and representative physicochemical analysis. Comprehensive proximate and ultimate analyses were conducted to evaluate its suitability for anaerobic digestion and biodiesel production via transesterification processes. The proximate analysis revealed a moisture content of 43.08%, ash con-tent of 8.00%, volatile solids of 75.50%, and lipid content of 6.24%, indicating high organic matter availability and favorable biodegradability. The pH of the biomass was measured using a calibrated pH meter in a homogenized aqueous slurry, providing insight into its chemical environment and suitability for microbial activity. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) values further confirmed the high degradable organic fraction of the biomass. The ultimate analysis showed a carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio of 25.57, which falls within the optimum range for stable anaerobic digestion. The moderate nitrogen content and significant volatile solids suggest bal-anced nutrients capable of supporting efficient microbial activity, while the relatively low ash con-tent indicates minimal inorganic interference during thermal and biological conversion. Overall, the physicochemical results, combined with detailed preparation and measurement protocols, demon-strate that Eichhornia crassipes possesses favorable chemical, elemental, and processing characteristics suitable for efficient biogas and biodiesel production, validating its potential as a sustainable ligno-cellulosic resource for integrated bioenergy systems.
ABSTRACT This study presents the design and execution of gravel packs and sand screens as a mechanical method of controlling sand production in oil wells, which occurs when producing from unconsolidated or weakly consolidated sandstone reservoirs in the Niger Delta. Sand production is one of the most critical problems in oil production as it causes equipment damage and reduces productivity while increasing operational cost. This study focuses on evaluating the reservoir and formation characteristics, such as grain size distribution, permeability, and formation strength that guides the size selection of gravel and screens while also describing various methods of gravel packing and sand screens. To predict the effect of gravel pack and sand screens in oil wells, the performance of two wells were modelled using PROSPER, a production and system performance software. The results obtained showed that while fracture pack method which provides a dual benefit of formation stimulation and effective sand control, boosted more than 10% increase in oil and gas rate across both wells, conventional gravel pack and sand screens offer comparable sand control efficiency with a significantly reduced completion sand improved well longevity without the high financial and technical demands of frac pack operations.
Bird’s eye chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) is one of Indonesia’s high-value horticultural commodities with significant economic potential for smallholder farmers. This research was conducted to determine the cost structure, income level, and economic feasibility of bird’s eye chili farming. The study took place in Sukalaksana Village, Sukanagara District, Cianjur Regency, from October to December 2023. A quantitative approach was applied, and data were collected through field observation and direct interviews with bird’s eye chili farmers. The analytical methods included total cost analysis using the formula TC = TFC + TVC, income analysis using π = TR – TC, and farming feasibility assessment using the R/C ratio. The results showed that the total production cost incurred was IDR 924,093,369 per hectare, while the total revenue obtained was IDR 1,207,660,000 per hectare, resulting in a farming income of IDR 283,566,631 per hectare. The R/C ratio value of 1.3 indicates that bird’s eye chili farming in Sukalaksana Village is profitable and economically feasible for further development. These findings suggest that bird’s eye chili cultivation can be a viable agribusiness alternative to enhance farmers’ welfare and promote local economic growth. Keywords: bird’s eye chili, farm income, production cost, R/C ratio, feasibility.
This research highlights Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and its issue on the global population. It examines the causes of AD through environmental factors, such as age and the molecular level, including improper protein folding, production and protein aggregation, through which analysis of different forms of disease modeling for AD arises. Various forms of disease models that were examined included mouse models, 2D models, organoid models, computational models and Brain on Chip models. The research examined and emphasized each model's benefits and disadvantages, and concluded that the Brain on Chip was more efficient in modeling AD. This is because it incorporates more variables, such as the blood-brain barrier, and several cellular mechanisms undermining the potential factor of initiating AD, such as the development of Aβ plaques and their impact on blood blood-brain barrier, and overall synaptic connections. Therefore, this results in the deterioration of the neural connection. This paper promotes the need for further studies and research on better modeling of AD.
Teucrium pygmea Miraz (RCC), described and illustrated (Fig-1) from Rajshahi Cadet College, Rajshahi district (24.3113° N, 88.7177° E), a new species from Bangladesh from Lamiaceae family. First published in Sp. Pl.: 562 (1753). Compare with Teucrium viscidum Blume, which is native to Bangladesh, with flower color, plant size, flower size, bracts, leaves and stigma shape. Cotula bangladeshinensis Zinia & S. A described and illustrated (Fig-1) from Asteraceae family, as a new species from RDA Campus, Bogura district (24.7047° N, 89.3959° E). This new species differs from close relative species named Cotula coronopifolia Linnaeus (Sp. Pl. 2: 892. 1753) with the plant size, plant shape, leaf-shape, flower head, disc florets, seed shape and size. Dalbergia bractea Zinia & L.S.M described and illustrated (Fig-1) from Fabaceae family, as a new species from Gazipur district 24.0958° N, 90.4125° E. This new species differs from close relative species named Dalbergia oliveri Gamble ex Prain, which is not native to Bangladesh. Not a big tree like Dalbergia oliveri Gamble ex Prain. A shrub or small tree. Clear differences with flowers, sepals, bracts, leaves and height. It is a shrub or small tree. Celosia bangladeshinensis Zinia & Fiona, was described and illustrated (Fig-1) as a new species from Paba, located at 24.4417°N 88.6278°E in the district of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. It belongs to the family Amaranthaceae. Closely related to Celosia argentea L, is native to Bangladesh. But differences with inflorescence shape, leaves shape and color, spreading habit, flower color, long pistil and stigma. Celosia argentea L inflorescence shape is spear shape. But Celosia bangladeshinensis Zinia & Fiona is round/globose shape and quite long. The color we named the light pink fair color is ‘Fiona’ here.
Although the enrollment rate exceeds 95%, the results remain poor, particularly for children from families with low education levels or no formal education. In order to solve this problem, the "Teaching at the Right Level" program was implemented. (Teaching at the Right Level). We present the program's methodology, the benefits for vulnerable students.
Nigeria’s 330 kV transmission grid forms the backbone of bulk power transfer from generating stations to load centers across its six geopolitical zones. The network, modeled as a 58-bus system, experiences persistent technical losses, congestion, voltage instability, and limited transfer capability. Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices offer advanced solutions to improve efficiency by dynamically controlling voltage profiles, power flows, and network impedances. This paper characterizes the existing Nigerian 58-bus, 330 kV transmission network, identifies operational inefficiencies, and investigates the potential of FACTS technologies—such as Static Var Compensators (SVC), Static Synchronous Compensators (STATCOM), Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitors (TCSC), and Unified Power Flow Controllers (UPFC)—to enhance system efficiency. Simulation-based methodologies are outlined to quantify loss reduction, congestion relief, and transfer capability improvement. Findings highlight that strategic deployment of FACTS can reduce system losses by over 15%, improve voltage profiles within statutory limits, and increase available transfer capability, thereby strengthening the reliability and efficiency of Nigeria’s power delivery system.
La présente étude se propose d'analyser l'impact de la culture "politique" des leaders Congolais sur leur gestion de la démocratie en tant que système politique expérimenté en République démocratique du Congo. Elle démontre que dans le contexte congolais, la culture en général, et la culture politique en particulier, impose des limites au système politique démocratique, qui, au lieu de produire le développement comme cela est le cas sous d'autres cieux, n'engendre ici que le développement du sous développement.
Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental, Northern Mindanao, Philippines, is the nest of aqua economic hubs, livelihoods, and industries, which has an environmental challenge. The study focuses on Barangay Casinglot, Gracia, Sugbongcogon, and Baluarte, a coastal community along Macajalar Bay that traditionally depends on fishing and farming. However, industrial expansion near the PHIVIDEC Industrial Estate has brought threats like shoreline erosion, pollution, and habitat destruction to the marine life. Phenomenological, ethnographic, and anecdotal recording revealed that the rising tides and storm surges are damaging infrastructure and creeping and washing inland soil, worsened by the lack of mangroves or seawall protection. Despite these issues, the area remains important for small-scale fishing and tourism, offering clean waters and diverse marine life. But rapid, unregulated industrial growth risks harming both nature and human health. The sustainable management solutions include restoring mangrove forests, building seawalls, and enforcing stricter pollution controls. The community-driven efforts, combined with strong government support, are essential to protect both the environment and the people’s livelihoods. Action is needed to prevent unfavorable, unhealthy ecological development that respects both nature and human well-being. It’s a call to protect this dynamic coast through inclusive, resilient policy.
Motion sickness and its coping mechanisms were studied on the purposively selected twenty (20) first year women student in the College of Education, Tagoloan Community College as the participants. It utilizes the Phenomenological, ethnographical and anecdotal recording with the aid on the Focus Group Discussions (FGD) to explore the lived experiences on the motion sickness and its coping mechanism. And, to shed light how and why absenteeism happened in the classroom setting. As explore farther that dizziness, vomiting, and nausea were common symptoms, they did not always correlate with lower general weighted average. However, the ability to concentrate, complete tasks, and retain information during lectures was significantly affected. The study identified environmental factors, relaxation techniques, and distraction methods as strategies for managing symptoms. Addressing motion sickness can enhance students' academic performance and contribute to a more inclusive educational environment.
This paper aim to classify, detect and mitigate the technical faults in a synchronous generators in a power generation system. The paper utilized artificial neural network, ANN to ensure prompt fault classification, detection and mitigation to avoid a sudden shut down of the plant due to fault cascade. The case study was the synchronous machine plant being utilized in Ibom power plant in Akwaibom state, Nigeria. The operational parameters of the plant was obtained with the mathematical model carried out to obtain the speed and temperature of various fault conditions. The conditions considered in the modeling were the operation of the plant at healthy or normal condition, lack of frequency control and occurrence of wear and tear in the rotor and machine blade. For the identification and classification of faults, the input to the ANN was the speed and temperature of the plant at normal condition and faulty condition while the target data was the fault classification code. For the fault mitigation process, the input data to the ANN was the speed and temperature of the plant at faulty condition while the target data to the ANN model was the speed and temperature of the plant at healthy or normal condition. From the outcome of the simulation, the speed and temperature data were obtained.
ABSTRACT_x000D_ _x000D_ To understand this study, we have started by on observation saying that the service_x000D_ responsible for communication exists, but is non- junctional and badly perceived by the public_x000D_ organizations of Kisangani._x000D_ being one of the branches of the communication in a company, the international_x000D_ communication is also a part of a global system of information and exchanges flow_x000D_ organization. It means that it constitutes an element of that social system as for as it plays an_x000D_ important role, chipping in to the existence of the letter._x000D_ Dues observation through those results prove quite well that the communication is not well_x000D_ directed at the public companies, because it is less efficient and non-professional, regarding to_x000D_ the target we have assigned to._x000D_ Words key: perception, company, communication.
This study analyses the management pratiques of supporting documents within Small ans Medium Entreprises (SMEs) in Bandundu City between 2020 and 2024. Based on a sample of 321 firms, results reveal that most lack both an administrative departement and written accounting procedures. The absence of an organized filing system, combined with limited staff training and weak internal control, leads to frequent loss of accounting documents. Such déficiences undermine the reliability of financial statements ans restrictions SMEs' accès to bank financing. Thé study recommends the implementation of capacity-building programs, adoption of digital archiving tools, ans stronger institutional oversight to enhance traceability and financial transparency.
We investigate whether physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) can outperform conventional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in predicting percolation behavior in three-dimensional voxelized shapes. Using seven shape families (cube, sphere, cylinder, ellipsoid, torus, elongated box, random porosity) and occupation probabilities p ∈ [0.10, 0.60], we generate Monte Carlo ground truth labels for connectivity and train both CNN and PINN models under a leave-group-out protocol that withholds entire shapes for testing. The PINN augments a 3D CNN with auxiliary physics observables (largest-cluster fraction, second-moment of the cluster-size distribution, correlation length, and local connectivity ratio) and incorporates physics-based loss terms enforcing monotonicity in p, order-parameter consistency, and improved calibration. Across unseen geometries the PINN reduces RMSE by 8–15%, halves monotonicity violations, and improves calibration error by up to 35% while matching CNN accuracy on seen shapes. Tables report percolation fractions and model predictions across p for representative shapes, and threshold estimates pˆc derived from logistic fits track Monte Carlo baselines within one to two percentage points where detectable. The results support the thesis that embedding coarse physical structure in learning systems improves robustness and generalization in discrete phase-transition problems.
ABSTRACT The methanol extract and fractional product of Piper guineense seeds and leaves have both antibacterial and antifungal activities against a wide range of bacteria and fungi. .The biotic components were estimated and its toxicity was determined using experimental albino rats. The seeds and leaves of Piper guineense was purchased from the open market and dried in the dark, grounded and stored in container till used. The ground powders were extracted using methanol via soxhlets apparatus. The extracts were used to estimate the phytochemical components, mineral and proximate properties. The bioactive compounds were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Gas chromatograph- Gas spectrometry (GC- GM). The susceptibility patterns of the crude methanol extract were determined using agar diffusion technique for bacterial pathogens while macro-broth techniques were used to estimate the fungal pathogens. The toxic effect of crude methanol extract was investigated using 30-albino rats. The rats were group into five containing six (6) rats per group . Group A and B were administered with 500mg/ml body weight and 200mg/ml body weight of crude methanol seed extract while Group C and D were administered 1500mg/ml and 1000mg/ml per body weight of crude methanol extract of piper guineense leaves extract and group E were administered with normal saline and serve as net control. The experiment lasted for thirty (30) days. The haematological indices, Liver function test, Electrolytes and Urea were estimated while the visceral organs were harvested, fixed in 10 % formal saline and processed histologically using Haematoxylin & Eosin stain . The phytochemical components of Piper guineense seeds and leaves showed presence of soluble carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins and saponins while proximate analysis indicated the high presence of carbohydrate and proteins in both seeds and leaves. Mineral composition includes sodium, calcium and phosphorus. Bioactive analysis of (uziza) leaves showed bioactive compounds; Resveratol, flavonones and malvidine while that of seeds included Ellagic acid, Resveratol and Quinine . The antibacterial activity of crude methanol extract of Piper guineense seeds and leaves both showed activity against Staphylocous aureus , proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli while antifungal activity of these crude methanol extract inhibited the growth of Aspergillud flavus, Mucor fragilis and Penicillum notatum. The crude methanol fractions of the seeds were more potent in inhibiting both bacterial and fungal isolates. The crude methanol extracts had no effects on the hematological indices , liver function test and Aspartate Transaminase (AST) value in both seeds and leaves while the electrolyte (Na+, Ca2 + and Cl-) showed increased values as compared to normal .Histological staining indicated that crude methanol extract of Piper guineense seeds affected the colon, Jejenum, liver and kidney with mild increase in inflammatory cells , liver necrosis while that of leaves, caused damage to colon , Jejunum inducing disruption and erosion of lining of crypts of liberkuhn. The findings in this study showed that crude methanol extract has good sensitivity pattern against bacterial and fungal pathogens. The extract, at higher dosages are toxic to the liver and colon, therefore its persistent use may lead to organ damage, hence the need to characterize the bioactive components and identify the toxic agents for elimination.
ABSTRACT Due to traditional use of Piper guineense leaves and seeds, it is of relevance to examine the efficacy of Piper guineense leaves and seeds against drug resistant strains of some selected clinical bacteria and fungi. Some studies have verified the nutritional benefits and antimicrobial activity of Piper guineeense but there is little or no information on its possible toxic effects. It is a known fact that any substance with antimicrobial activity could have potential for toxicity. Phytomedicine is becoming increasingly popular with little regard to the possible toxic . Piper guineense is a wild shrub that has been adopted in homes and cultivated along the boundary fences. Therefore this study was aimed to determine the efficacy of crude methanol extract of Piper guineense seeds and leaves against pathogenic bacteria and fungi.The biotic components were estimated and its toxicity was determined using experimental albino rats. The seeds and leaves of Piper guineense was purchased from the open market and dried in the dark, grounded and stored in container till used. The ground powders were extracted using methanol via soxhlets apparatus. The extracts were used to estimate the phytochemical components, mineral and proximate properties The phytochemical components of Piper guineense seeds and leaves showed presence of soluble carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins and saponins while proximate analysis indicated the high presence of carbohydrate and proteins in both seeds and leaves. Mineral composition includes sodium, calcium and phosphorus. Bioactive analysis of (uziza) leaves showed bioactive compounds; Resveratol, flavonones and malvidine while that of seeds included Ellagic acid, Resveratol and Quinine . The antibacterial activity of crude methanol extract of Piper guineense seeds and leaves both showed activity against Staphylocous aureus , proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli while antifungal activity of these crude methanol extract inhibited the growth of Aspergillud flavus, Mucor fragilis and Penicillum notatum. The crude methanol fractions of the seeds were more potent in inhibiting both bacterial and fungal isolates. The crude methanol extracts had no effects on the hematological indices , liver function test and Aspartate Transaminase (AST) value in both seeds and leaves while the electrolyte (Na+, Ca2 + and Cl-) showed increased values as compared to normal .Histological staining indicated that crude methanol extract of Piper guineense seeds affected the colon, Jejenum, liver and kidney with mild increase in inflammatory cells , liver necrosis while that of leaves, caused damage to colon , Jejunum inducing disruption and erosion of lining of crypts of liberkuhn. The findings in this study showed that crude methanol extract has good sensitivity pattern against bacterial and fungal pathogens. The extract, at higher dosages are toxic to the liver and colon, therefore its persistent use may lead to organ damage, hence the need to characterize the bioactive components and identify the toxic agents for elimination
Following the royal speech of December 9, 2002, the public sector in Morocco underwent a major reorganization aimed mainly at introducing new public management principles and modernization measures at both structural and organizational levels, notably through the management control sys-tem which played a central role in these reforms. It is imperative that Moroccan public administrations establish a well-structured management con-trol system, given that it is an essential element of the modern administration model desired by the State. However, the transition from the private for-profit domain to the public non-profit domain re-quires adaptation, as all the particularities of public entities must be taken into account. The aim of our study is to clarify the management imperative and improve overall performance. The conclusions of the study indicate that the implementation of a management control system will improve the effi-ciency of the administration and the quality of services provided to citizens.
Naniura is a traditional Batak Toba dish made from ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) marinated in natural acidic extracts and spices. This study aims to analyze the development of Naniura in terms of raw materials, fermentation process, spices, shelf life, packaging, and marketing strategies to improve product quality, safety, and economic value. The research uses a descriptive literature review approach based on previous studies and supporting field observations. The results indicate that the use of natural acid sources such as jungga lime extract, citric acid, and acetic acid effectively lowers product pH and inhibits the growth of spoilage microorganisms. Spices including andaliman, ginger, garlic, and turmeric enhance the distinctive aroma while functioning as natural antimicrobial agents. The application of vacuum packaging and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) technologies significantly extends the shelf life of Naniura up to 12–30 days under cold storage conditions. Nutritional content remains relatively stable throughout storage, and the product retains bioactive compounds derived from spices, which contribute to its functional value. From the marketing perspective, digital-based strategies and e-commerce platforms provide great potential to expand market reach and enhance competitiveness. Attractive, informative, and hygienic packaging design that reflects local identity strengthens Naniura’s image as a culturally rich and economically valuable traditional food. Integrating technological innovation, modern packaging, and strategic marketing can position Naniura as a flagship regional product capable of competing in national and international markets. Keywords: Naniura, ikan mas, fermentation, shelf life, marketing
This study successfully investigated the development and characterization of graphene nanoplatelet-reinforced bamboo fiber composites, providing compelling evidence for their potential use in ballistic protection applications. The research methodology encompasses material synthesis, composite fabrication, and comprehensive characterization protocols; hence, the study demonstrated a clear and statistically significant link between the reinforcement level of the composites and their key mechanical properties, including Vickers Hardness, tensile strength, and elastic modulus. The data, graphs, and discussion collectively confirm that reinforcement significantly and predictably improves the mechanical properties of a material. Specifically, as the reinforcement level increases, there is a clear and desirable enhancement in the material's stiffness (Elastic Modulus), strength (Yield Strength, Tensile Strength, and Max Load), and overall load-bearing capacity. This process doesn't appear to compromise the material's ductility, as demonstrated by the positive correlation between Max. Load and Max. Elongation. The findings are consistent with established principles in materials science and engineering, where the strategic addition of a reinforcing phase creates a composite material with superior performance compared to its unreinforced state. Also, the Capital recovery amount CRF, Cost benefit ratio CBr, and Payback period Pb, were given as 1.28, 2.94 and 0.51 per one sell of die equipment respectively.
Teaching is frequently viewed as an honorable and rewarding job in the contemporary educational environment. Nonetheless, the demands placed on educators to manage diverse classrooms, deliver high-quality instruction, and meet administrative responsibilities have led to an increasingly demanding career. The experiences, challenges, coping mechanisms, and insights of Filipino differently-abled school teachers—visually impaired, orthopedic, and psychosocial disability—are investigated in this study. Three Davao City differently-abled school teachers were the participants in in-depth interviews carried out using a qualitative phenomenological research design. The findings reveal significant barriers, including accessibility issues and societal discrimination, as well as the resilience and determination these educators exhibit in overcoming obstacles. The study evaluates the need for inclusive policies, professional development programs, and advocacy efforts to support differently-abled teachers. The implications for educational policy and practice, professional development, community perceptions, and future research are discussed to promote a more inclusive educational environment.
Introduction : De nos jours les parasitoses intestinales constituent un problème de santé publique. Notre étude menée au centre de santé de référence BUMI vise comme objectif de déterminer la fréquence des parasitoses intestinales chez les enfants de 0 à 10 ans au service de laboratoire de centre de santé de référence BUMI de Kamina en République Démocratique du Congo. Matériels et méthode : Il s’agissait d’une étude descriptive et prospective menée au centre de santé de référence BUMI de Kamina en, allant du 01 juin 2024 au 30 juin 2025, soit une année Résultat : Sur un effectif de 201 dossiers d’enfants avaient été colligé représentant 45,5%. 108 dossiers répondant au critère, avec la tranche d’âge comprise entre 5 ans à 8 ans, soit 60,2%, avec une prédominance masculine de 59,3% et un poids compris entre 18 Kg à 23 Kg était le plus représenté avec 61,1%. L’Ascaris était beaucoup plus représenté 23,2%, Ankylostome 8,3%, et Oxyure 3,7%. Conclusion : La fréquence des parasitoses intestinales reste élevée à Kamina au quartier Katuba de Kamina en R.D CONGO.
Companies are increasingly incorporating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles into their management strategies in response to growing global issues like social inequality, climate change, and regulatory scrutiny. The operationalisation of ESG integration by organisations, the performance results it produces, and the difficulties it poses are all examined in this study. The study investigates the connection between ESG and firm-level financial performance metrics including Return on Assets (ROA) and stock returns, drawing on both scholarly literature and quantitative analysis. Practical context is provided by real- time statistics from companies such as Unilever, whose Sustainable Living brands accounted for 75% of company growth in 2022 (Unilever Annual Report, 2022), and MSCI's ESG ratings from 2023. According to Eccles, Ioannou, and Serafeim (2014), who contend that the advantages of ESG are long-term and strategic, the results show minimal short-term financial connections. Berg, Kölbel, and Rigobon's (2022) worries on the inconsistent nature of ESG indicators, which restrict cross-firm comparability, are also echoed in this study. Standardisation is being advanced by regulatory frameworks like the Task Force on Climate- Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD, 2021) and the EU's Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (European Commission, 2023), which indicate a move from voluntary reporting to required transparency. By emphasising ESG as a strategic imperative and a challenging issue, this study adds to the expanding conversation on sustainable management and provides actionable suggestions for businesses and authorities to improve ESG implementation and effect.
Abstract. In a previous article, we showed how to use techniques from Cairo statistical theory and its B-matrix chains to generate new mathematical expressions. In this article, we focus on generating new algebraic and geometric formal series. We present and provide statistical evidence for two important particular power series: 1- The infinite power series [(1+2x)/3]^N is equal to (1+2x)/(2-2x), ∀x∈[0,1[ 2- The infinite power series [(1+x)/2]^N is equal to (1+x)/(1-x), ∀x∈[0,1[ Finally, we present a general solution to the following system of linear algebraic equations: A₁₁X₁ + a₁₂X₂ + … + a₁ₙXₙ = b₁ ………………………… Aₙ₁X₁ + Aₙ₂X₂ + … + AₙₙXₙ = bn For the specific cases n = 9 and n = 16. The numerical results presented are remarkably precise.
This study developed a mathematical model to investigate the dynamics of intra-communal violence in Oghara community, Ethiope West Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria. The model takes into account the specific dynamics of the youth president position crisis and explores the impact of various factors, including policing strategies and community engagement, on the spread of violence. The model was developed using MATLAB software and solved numerically using the Runge-Kutta method. Mathematical analysis of the model was carried out, including non-negativity of solution, invariant region, and boundedness of solution. The basic reproduction number (R_0) was calculated and the threshold condition for stability of the disease-free equilibrium was determined. Stability analysis of the equilibrium point was also carried out, and the conditions for local asymptotic stability were determined. The results of the analysis reveal that reducing R_0 through effective interventions, such as promoting peaceful dialogue and positive interventions, can help control violence spread. Rehabilitation and calm-down programs are crucial in reducing violence prevalence. The study contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of intra-communal violence in Oghara community and provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to develop effective strategies for preventing and mitigating the effects of violence.
Prostate cancer remains a major health concern among men, necessitating efficient and accurate diagnostic approaches. This study presents a comparative evaluation of various machine learning algorithms for prostate cancer prediction using clinical diagnostic features such as radius, texture, area, smoothness, and symmetry. Data preprocessing involved normalization and correlation-based feature selection to enhance model performance. Several algorithms such as Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and a Deep Learning model were trained and assessed using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and ROC-AUC metrics. Results revealed that ensemble-based methods, notably XGBoost and Random Forest, outperformed other models in predictive accuracy, while Logistic Regression provided higher interpretability. The study highlights the potential of machine learning models in facilitating early and reliable prostate cancer detection to support clinical decision-making.
The study examines how rapid urbanization impacts environmental health quality. The research emphasizes the urgent need for sustainable urban planning, green infrastructure, and effective public health policies to mitigate the negative impacts of urbanization on human well-being and the environment. Urbanization, defined as the migration of people from rural to urban areas, significantly impacts environmental health quality. As cities grow, they face issues that negatively affect air and water quality, waste management, and public health. This paper highlights how urbanization leads to increased pollution, infrastructure strain, and changes in land use. The resulting population density in cities elevates emissions of pollutants, such as particulate matter and greenhouse gases, which can worsen respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, rapid urban growth often results in inadequate waste management, contaminating water sources and increasing the risk of diseases carried by vectors. Some of the major health problems resulting from urbanization are poor nutrition, pollution-related health conditions and communicable diseases. Research on this using 100 Respondents and 100% responses show, 30 respondents representing 30.0% strongly agreed, 42 respondents representing 42.0% agreed, 10 respondents representing 10.0% were undecided, 10 respondents representing 10.0% disagreed, 8 respondents representing 8.0% strongly disagreed. The study also notes the health disparities among different socioeconomic groups within urban environments, with marginalized communities being particularly vulnerable. The research emphasizes the critical need for sustainable urban planning and public health initiatives to lessen the harmful effects of urbanization and create healthier cities for all residents.
Green bonds have emerged globally as an innovative financial instrument to mobilize climate-aligned capital for sustainable development. In Africa, their uptake has been slow, but Kenya has shown early promise by pioneering regulatory frameworks and launching its first corporate green bond in 2019. Despite this progress, renewable energy financing through green bonds remains underexplored. The primary aim of the review was to systematically assess the role of green bonds in financing renewable energy projects in Kenya, identify enabling factors and constraints, and evaluate lessons for policy, practice, and future research. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Twenty-one studies published between 2015 and 2025 met the inclusion criteria. Findings indicate that Kenya has developed robust regulatory frameworks through the Capital Markets Authority (CMA) and alignment with ICMA Green Bond Principles. Green bonds present clear opportunities for scaling geothermal, wind, and solar projects, consistent with Kenya’s renewable energy dominance. However, uptake has been constrained by high issuance costs, lack of sovereign benchmarks, limited investor awareness, shallow secondary markets, and credibility concerns related to greenwashing. Comparisons with South Africa and Nigeria demonstrate the catalytic role of sovereign green bonds and blended finance models in market deepening. Green bonds hold significant potential to transform Kenya’s renewable energy sector, but market growth requires sovereign issuance, stronger investor education, aggregation platforms for SMEs, and rigorous impact reporting. This review contributes diagnostic insights and a roadmap for actionable reforms, positioning green bonds as a key lever for achieving Kenya’s energy and climate goals.
A Methodological Challenge to Conventional Geochronology ; For 120 years, radiometric dating has operated under a foundational assumption: that daughter isotope concentrations at the time of rock formation were zero or negligibly small (r₀ ≈ 0). This assumption, introduced by Rutherford in 1906, has never been independently verified and is not mandated by physical law. Yet it underpins every radiometric age published in geological literature for over a century. This book presents a systematic test of an alternative hypothesis: that initial daughter isotope ratios (r₀) were non-zero and represented designed initial conditions necessary for chemical and physical stability at the moment of creation.